8 – 23 MERRILL FINCH INC. RISK AND RETURN
a. (1) Why is T-bill’s return independent of the state of the economy? Do T-bill’s promise a completely risk-free return? Explain
(2) Why are High Tech’s returns expected to move with the economy, whereas, Collections’ are expected to move counter to the economy?
1. The 5.5% T-bill return does not depend on the state of the economy because the Treasury must redeem the bills at par regardless of the state of the economy; therefore, T-bills are risk-free in the default risk sense because the 5.5% return will be realized in all possible economic states. Consequently, this return is composed of the real risk-free rate, (i.e. 3%, plus an inflation premium, say 2.5%). As the economy is
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Calculate the missing CVs and fill in the blanks on the row for CV in the table. Does the CV produce the same risk rankings as the standard deviation? Explain
The coefficient of variation (CV) is a standardized measure of dispersion about the expected value; it shows the amount of risk per unit of return. CV = /. CVT-bills = 0.0%/5.5% = 0.0. CVHigh Tech = 20.0%/12.4% = 1.6. CVCollections = 13.2%/1.0% = 13.2. CVU.S. Rubber = 18.8%/9.8% = 1.9. CVM = 15.2%/10.5% = 1.4.
When we measure risk per unit of return, Collections, with its low expected return, becomes the most risky stock. The CV is a better measure of an asset’s stand-alone risk than because CV considers both the expected value and the dispersion of a distribution—a security with a low expected return and a low standard deviation could have a higher chance of a loss than one with a high but a high .
e. Suppose you created a two-stock portfolio by investing $50,000 in High Tech and $50,000 in Collections. (1) Calculate the expected return (rp), the standard deviation (p), and the coefficient of variation (CVp) for this portfolio and fill in the appropriate blanks in the table. (2) How does the riskiness of this two-stock portfolio compare with the riskiness of the individual stocks if they were held in isolation?
1. To find the expected
investor should invest $369.35 in asset A and the remaining $630.65 in asset B. The
For problems requiring computations, please ensure that your Excel file includes the associated cell computations and/or statistics output; this information is needed in order to receive full credit on these
(a) The mean excess return, standard deviation, and portfolio weights for the minimum variance portfolio.
29) An investor's risky portfolio is made up of individual stocks. Which of the following statements about this portfolio is true?
The coefficient of variation (CV) represents a percentage of standard deviation to the mean and can be calculated by dividing the standard deviation calculated using Equation 2 by the expected value. The equation can be calculated by:
increasing w by a small amount. Therefore, Marginal VAR (value at risk) allows risk managers to study the effects of adding or subtracting positions from an investment portfolio. Since value at risk is affected by the correlation of investment positions, it is not enough to consider an individual investment's VAR level in isolation. Rather, it must be compared with the total portfolio to determine what
Correct Answer: the coefficient of variation is a measure of relative risk whereas the standard deviation is a measure of absolute risk
5.Comparing two projects, Project B appears riskier because it has a larger standard deviation ($125,000) than Project A, but that does not consider relative risk. Actually, Project A is riskier because it has a larger coefficient of variation than Project B does.
(b) Using your answer from (a) above, are you able to use the “mean-standard deviation rule” to rank
(See all the possible combinations on TABLE 2). 6. a) The portfolio’s risk would decrease if more stocks were.
b. Plot the CAL along with a couple of indifference curves for the investor type identified above. c. Use Excel’s solver to maximize the investor’s utility and confirm that you get a 50% allocation in stocks. 3. You can invest in a risky asset with an expected rate of return of 20% per year and a standard deviation of 40% per year or a risk free asset earning 4% per year or a combination of the two. The borrowing rate is 9% per year. a. What is the range of risk aversion for which a client will neither borrow nor lend, that is, for which the allocation to this risky investment is 100%? b. Draw the Capital Allocation Line. Indicate the points corresponding to (i) 50% in the risk-less asset and 50% in the risky asset; and (ii) -50% in the riskless asset and 150% in the risky asset. c. Compute the expected rate of return and standard deviation for (i) and (ii). d. Suppose you have a target risk level of 50% per year. How would you construct a portfolio of the risky and the riskless asset to attain this target level of risk? What is the
With Reference to this statement, describe, discuss and illustrate the principles of portfolio theory. Your essay should include coverage of the Markowitz Efficient Frontier and the Capital Market Line.
First time this phenomenon was presented by the economists Rajnish Mehra and Edward Prescott in 1985. They discovered that the return from US equity investments in comparison to the return from a risk free government securities had been much far above during the twentieth century to be interpreted by the traditional economic theories (Siegel and Thaler, 1997).
Q2. Provide a full-page plot of the Capital Allocation Line for the case in Q1. Label the axes and locate cash, D. Equity, D. Bonds, and your optimal complete portfolio clearly on the plot. You may draw this plot by hand.