Metaheuristic Algorithm Essay

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The article begins with the statement of how falling population in bees will lead to a decline is crop production for the united states of America. This statement was announced at the American Association for the Advancement of Science or for short the AAAS. The United States relies on these bees for pollination as it is a big part of the economy bringing in over 3 billion dollars annually. It is mention how it is possible to reverse the decline in wild bees by habitat restoration. Bees are a huge part of the crop production in the united states which helps with the income and rotation of crops. In the article maps of troubled zones where placed in over 139 counties in agricultural regions of California, Pacific Northwest, the upper Midwest and Great Plains, West Texas, and Mississippi River Valley. All those places are known for their specialty crops such as almonds blueberries and apples. Those specialty crops

Figure 10 shows the results between the hybridg algorithm compared to other algorithms with various mathematical functions as presented by privous sessions. It is cleard to see that the hybride algorithm performed better than other techniques. Surrprisingly, the Ackley function performed closely to the hybride algorithm. Figure 11 - 14 shows that PSO reached the optimal result very quickly because this algorithm works as a local search which makes a narrow space for the search of a solution, rather than other algorithms which work as a global search

From around the year 2006, many bee farmers in the U.S.A and some parts of Europe started reporting sharp declines in their bee stocks. The reason for this declining numbers was not known and therefore scientists named it colony collapse disorder (CCD). Colony collapse disorder (CCD) is a not a very old phenomena and it became popular when large number of bee colonies started disappearing. The disappearing was mysterious since no dead bees were found in or around the beehives after a colony’s number was reported to have gone down or vanished. This prompted a lot of study and investigations to uncover the mystery and to establish possible remedies. Among the many reasons for the causes of the CCD

Visualize going to the store with a list full of enjoyable, ripe fruits and veggies. Only to get to the store and you see nothing on your list, only corn, beans, and rice! Why scientists are cautioning us that this could be a possible situation in our future. Why should we care, how do bees help us? What we can do to help save the population?

Well let’s go in there profile to find out. I’m going to talk to you about bee’s problems and how to solve them,Also background info. Many more thing are mentioned. Then we will have to call to action that is when I can give you ideas to help out the honeybee’s. LET’S HAVE SOME BEETALK!

Whatever nest has the most bees humming for it wins and the whole swarm goes there.

Bees are an integral component of every day life on Earth. Bees act as the main aid in pollination and the growth of crops worldwide. Thousands bee species are used to pollinate crops which account for 70% of agriculture production. Without bees, there are hundreds of essential food products that are taken for granted that would be gone. The loss of bees would result in a $15 billion loss for the United States alone. For an inexplicable reason, bees have become diagnosed with colony collapse disorder (CCD). Due to this disease, millions of bees have been disappearing since 2006. While there is many speculation as to what is causing this such as, malnutrition, pesticides and etc, a solution cannot be made in the meantime. A solution to the rapid loss of bees must be found quickly or the entire world will be faced with a wave of problems. Bees are not

honey bees to pollinate their crops, the declination of the honey bee population places a

Research on the behavior of bees oddly resembles that of humans. Some worker bees lay their own eggs, a function usually reserved only for the queen. These worker laid eggs are usually eaten so the social order of the hive does not get disrupted (Luntz, pg.1) “One hive examined showed that worker bees were successful in laying and producing eggs, and also protecting them in areas the queen was excluded” (Luntz, pg.1). This works as an advantage by furthering generation when they are endangered, but also a disadvantage to the world, because bees are busy reproducing, when they should be pollinating the Earth (Luntz, pg. 1). Genetically altering the beehive, is needed to maintain a healthy genome and successful hive. The honeybee genome was finally

When choosing a new nesting site, the bee and ant scout will only visit one or a few potential sites, so if there is a few of them that go out scouting then there is a greater chance of finding something close by which is quicker for them they need to move quickly because for example bad weather conditions so by means of pooling the information this can be shared with all members of the group so they can make a consensus

There are around 25 000 species of bees describes worldwide Michener (2007). Most information available comes from those bees that are integral part of human development and provide any kind of benefit to human societies such as honey, wax, pollen and even pollination services. Bees are important pollinators of flowering plants and most fruit plants. Only in the United States 75% of fruits, plants and vegetables produced annually are bee pollinated (Moisset & Buchmann, 2011). By 2009 around $11 billion profit was estimated by pollination services of honey bees, plus $3.5 billion by other non-Apis bees (Calderone, 2012). Crop production of apples, oranges, tomatoes, almonds, blueberries, among other depends on bee pollination for a successful

A possible solution to the optimization problem is presented by the position of a food source, and the quality (fitness) is measured with the amount of nectar of the associated food source. The number of food sources equals the number of employed bees.

A swarm is a large number of homogenous, simple agents interacting locally among themselves, and their environment, with no central control to allow a global interesting behaviour to emerge. Swarm-based algorithms have recently emerged as a family of nature-inspired, population-based algorithms that are capable of producing low cost, fast, and robust solutions to several complex problems ‎ 1]‎ 2]. Swarm Intelligence [ [ (SI) can therefore be defined as a relatively new branch of Artificial Intelligence that is used to model the collective behaviour of social swarms in nature, such as ant colonies, honey bees, and bird flocks. Although these agents (insects or swarm individuals) are relatively unsophisticated with limited capabilities on their own, they are interacting together with certain behavioural patterns to cooperatively achieve tasks necessary for their survival. The social interactions among swarm individuals can be either direct or indirect ‎ 3]. Examples of direct interaction are through visual or audio contact, such as [ the waggle dance of honey bees. Indirect interaction occurs when one individual changes the environment and the other individuals respond to the new environment, such as the pheromone trails of ants that they deposit on their way to search for food sources. This indirect type of

The Bee Colony Optimization (BCO) is a technique based on the mutual understanding of the natural bees in food foraging process. It is a population based search algorithm for optimizing numerical problems. Bees are classic example of teamwork experience, coordination and synchronization. The way they work is remarkable. They carry out a kind of neighborhood search combined with global search by mimic the food foraging behavior. The foraging strategy of Bees is used to look for the best solution to an optimization problem. In this process each candidate solution is considered as food source and a population of Bees is used to search solution space. At each and every instant a Bee visits a source it evaluates its profitability. It allows meaningful generalization to optimize various problems by recognizing a profitable solution to complex engineering problems. It provides an adequate conceptual framework as well as a mathematical tool to depict the real world problems in an optimized way. It is one of the well know techniques with its successful applications in various domains. Bee colony optimization technique is recommended above other means of optimizations because it provides clarity and errors in case of optimal solutions. This algorithm can also be analyzed as a path structuring algorithm that structure the path from one source to another tracing the