Mumps: Harmful Viruses And The Destruction Of Cells

RSV infection is limited to the respiratory tract. Respiratory Syncytial Virus affects the respiratory system causing an interruption of the normal physiology of the lungs which are the main organs affected. The lungs are a pair of cone-shaped bodies that occupy the thorax. The lungs have two vital functions air distribution and gas exchange. In addition to attending as an air distribution pathway and gas exchange surface the components of the respiratory tract cleanse, warm and humidify inspired air. RSV affects the lungs by inflaming the small airways and decreasing the oxygen flow in and out, thereby affecting the capacity for normal oxygen exchange. Initial infection in young infants or children frequently involves the LRT and most often manifests as the clinical entity of bronchiolitis. Inoculation of the virus occurs in the URT in respiratory epithelial cells [ (Leonard R Krilov, 2010) ]. Spread of the virus down the respiratory tract occurs by

1. Down the respiratory tract into the lungs. Coughs, cold, influenza and other common airborne infections are contracted in this fashion.

Measles is virus with a single-stranded RNA and two membranes: a fusion protein that infuses into the host cell membrane and the hemagglutinin protein that absorbs the virus into the cells. The primary site for invasion is in the epithelium of the nares. Measles is highly contagious and very infectious because it is easily transmitted when an infected person coughs or sneezes. The virus can stay in the air or on surfaces for up to two hours and infect many people who inhale the infectious agent or touch a surface, then be introduced to a new host through touch to

Respiratory (airborne infections breathed in), digestive (within foods/ drinks), blood circulation (via broken skin/ wounds), body fluids (sexually transmitted diseases, cross contamination, poor hygiene).

Although the skin barrier is an effective defence mechanism to most microorganisms, there are three ‘passageways’ that can provide a ‘direct route for microbes to enter the body’ (D.Chiras, 2007:278). The respiratory tract is the most susceptible way for the flu virus to penetrate the body as flu is an airborne virus transmitted via respiratory droplets ‘as a direct result of coughing or sneezing or direct close personal contact’ (Perry,2010:11-15).

Air borne pathogens are organisms that spread through the air after being expelled by coughing, sneezing, and/or talking. These pathogens end in infection, which can affect humans and in some cases animals. In addition to asthma, other health conditions that might be triggered from air borne pathogens in a rural eastern NC county are: meningitis, chicken pox, tuberculosis, bronchitis, and influenza.

Infections vary in both source and presentation. Unchecked infections spread rapidly, especially in locations such as residential care settings. Ways in which infections may move from person to person and from site to site are: physical contact, droplet transmission (coughing or sneezing), vehicle (a contaminated source), vector-based (carried by insects and animals), and airborne (infectious agents in the air). Preventing elderly individuals from being exposed to infectious agents can reduce the chances of them contracting a deadly infection.

Mump outbreaks can occur any time of year. A major factor contributing to outbreaks is being in a crowded environment, such as attending the same class, playing on the same sports team, or living or sleeping with a person who has mumps. Kissing or sharing utensils, cups, lipstick or cigarettes, might increase the spread of the virus. (CDC, 2016)

This Influenza viruses can also be aerosolized, that is transformed into very fine droplets and is transported over more long distances. Thus these droplets usually can only affect direct transmission or the person-to-person transmission within a radius of approximately 1-metre. Mostly the airborne transmission happens through the large droplets of viruses generated when people coughs or sneezes. These droplets lands to the ground rapidly and are large. However, the number

Some viruses also have an outer bag of lipo-protein called an envelope. After a virus attaches to a living cell, it either enters the cell to release the genetic information, or, the virus injects the information through the cells outer lining. Thus changing the cells natural functions and forcing the cell to spend its energy to create copies of the virus. The cell will go on making copies of the virus until the cell is used up and dies. The virus then leaves the dead cell and invades a nearby cell and the process starts all over. There are five types of human herpes virus: Varicella zoster which causes chickenpox, Epstein Barr virus which causes infectious mononucleosis, cytomegalovirus which can cause cytomegalic inclusion disease in infants, and herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2.

Mumps is spread in many ways, from coughing and sneezing to any exposure to infected bodily fluids. However on a molecular level, both a virus and a host cell contain genetic material such as DNA and RNA. However the viruses contain a Capsid and are nonliving, with cells generally containing a cell membrane and being living. A virus needs host cells to not only survive but to multiply. Although is needs a specific host cell that corresponds to the virus. The cycle Mumps uses is the lysogenic

Mumps is a virus meaning that they are intracellular parasite, the only way to multiply is through the host. Mumps a viral disease of the human species, caused by the mumps virus Paramyxovirus. Mumps virus is spherical single-stranded, negative-sense that only has one strand of RNA. The mumps virus is caused by the Paramyxovirus family, that is also a genus of the Rubulavirus. Mumps usually has spherical shaped and roughly 150 -300nm (nanometers) in size. With a double lipid envelope that contains the RNA strand(genome), there is a helical that holds the RNA. Mumps has a structure around the envelope that contains two viral glycoproteins called H-hemagglutinin and F-fusion protein, which help the virus bond to host cells and penetrate the

The Latin name for measles is rubeola. The pathogen which causes the disease is a paramyxovirus, which is one of a group of RNA (ribonucleic acid) viruses. Measles is a respiratory disease caused by a virus, and also comes out in a rash. The virus enters the body via the respiratory system, and grows in the cells at the back of the throat and in the cells that line the lungs, from there it then enters the blood stream and circulates the body.

SARS appears to spread by close person-to-person contact. It is thought that transmission is most readily occurred through respiratory droplets. These can be produced when an infected person coughs or sneezes. These droplets are propelled through the air and are deposited on the mucous membranes of the mouth, nose, or eyes of a person that is nearby. It is also possible that the virus can spread when a person touches a surface or object contaminated with infectious droplets and then touches their mouth, nose, or eyes. Furthermore, it is possible that SARS-CoV might be airborne spread or by other methods that are not yet known.

Mumps is a contagious disease that is spread through direct person-to-person contact with the infected persons respiratory secretions. The