North West Passage: A Case Study

The film, Traces of The Trade: A Story From The Deep North, by Katrina Browne, is a truly subjective documentary that captures traces the routes and past of the D’Wolf family from Bristol, Rhode Island. Browne and nine other family members went out to explore her ancestor’s lives that at the time were protuberant New England slave traders. During her journey, she embarked in Triangle Trade, which included the illegal trading of human beings in order for profit. This was not only illegal, but was also cruel.

The opening up of the north polar sea between 1815 and 1817 had prompted Barrow to propose a plan to send two expedition voyages, one in search of the Northwest Passage and the other to proceed from the sea of Spitzbergen towards the North Pole. Accordingly he sent the plan to the President and Council of the Royal Society which duly returned with their approval and the orders were issued by the Board of the Admiralty. Examining such interplay between scientific institutions, such as the Royal Society and the British Admiralty, one can see a well defined division of labour, in the collaboration between gentleman scientists at home and their field workers in the navy ship on voyages of exploration, in which the navy sent the ship to collect

So legally we do own parts of the Arctic but what about after 12 miles? Well there is another set of laws in the UNCLOS act. There is a 200 nautical-mile Exclusive Economic Zone around

With South Carolina’s fertile land that was great for growing crops, such as rice, indigo, and cotton, it wasn’t long before slaves began being brought into the colony. Many people came to South Carolina from the Barbados and already had a well-developed slave system in place, so they brought it with them. While some slaves came from the Barbados, most of the slaves were brought over from Africa, and more specifically, the west coast of Africa. From Africa, they travelled to the New World via Middle Passage.

The captives were treated during the Middle Passage like animals. The Europeans needed slaves to work for them, the Native Americans were dying from their diseases, but the people from Africa were immune. The Europeans kidnapped the Africans and forced them to work, with no choice they had to obey. The captives during the Middle Passage were from Africa, but during the passage they were treated like animals. The captives experienced shackles, restraints that looked like a animal or prisoners would be in. (Doc C) Not only that, but the Africans experienced starvation and diseases. They were so close together that diseases spread, as well as diseases, they didn’t even have food, added to this and all the dead bodies were thrown overboard.(Doc

Around the 20 million people who were taken from their homes and sold into slavery, half didn't make it to the African coast, most of those people dying along the way. The captives were about to embark on the infamous Middle passage. Then the first leg of the voyage carried a cargo that often included iron, cloth, brandy, firearms, and gunpowder. They landed on the Africa’s slave coast and the cargo and stuff was traded for Africans. Africans who had made the Middle Passage to the plantations of the New World did not return to their land to tell what happened to those people who suddenly disappeared. Sometimes the Africans were told by white men that they were to work on the field, But they didn’t believe it because it took barely any time

Though one cannot yet tell if Walton’s mission will benefit himself or society, he seems to think that it will. Obviously, he has a passion for his exploration of the north that shines through in some of the other letters he writes to his sister as well as this particular quote. He has already worked towards his goal and continues to, it seems, based on how he describes himself early on in the letters. If his mission to the north is successful, his discoveries there may be good for mankind if he finds something interesting or even useful. Additionally, Walton shows that he is different than other people because of his desire to explore, as that desire “hurries me out of the common pathways of men”, which might award him a normal life but not

Alberta has the second biggest recoverable oil patch in the world after Saudi Arabia, which hides underneath Canada’s boreal forest. Indeed, the Albertan oil patch consists of tar sands, also referred as oil sand, a combination of clay, sand, water and bitumen – a thick and sticky form of crude oil. Tar sands are mined and transported to extraction installations, where the oil-rich bitumen is extracted from the mixture. Alberta holds at least 175 billion barrels of crude bitumen throughout its vast territory, thus the industry disturbs a 149 000 square kilometers area – about the size of England –, where the land was removed due to the mining required to access the oil sands. The bitumen is separated from the mixture by using large amounts of fresh water – about four barrels of water to produce one barrel of oil – and is heated by natural gas, thus requiring larger quantities of energy and water than conventional extraction. Indeed, the industry itself results in the emission of more carbon dioxide in a year than all Canadian cars combined, thus accelerating climate change at an alarming rate. The Albertan industry exploits the water from the Athabasca River, which is fed by the Canadian Rocky Mountains’ glacier, which shrinks at a frightening rate and is further endangered by the carbon emission of the industry. Therefore, the extraction of oil sands in Alberta results in a cycle of consumption that truly endangers the environment. The clay and minerals from the oil

In believe we should not drill in Alaska to satisfy our fuel dependencies. As stated in the documentary “We can import minerals but we cannot import wilderness”, drilling begins a tradeoff; in exchange for minerals we get a damaged ecosystem. Some argue that Alaska has an immense supply of resources that would liberate us from foreign oil, however, there is no guarantee of vast quantities of minerals in Alaska, as the U.S. Department of Energy has stated that there is "considerable uncertainty regarding both the size and quality of the oil resources that exist”. Drilling damages the environment while possibly wielding disappointing results. Even if there is a reservoir of natural resources in Alaska it would not be immediately available

How is the arctic important to Canada and what does this entail? The north contains multiple resources that are only continuing to grow with the melting of the northwest passage. With this opening can this be used as an economic adventure in Canada, like the Suez Canal. Or, does the opening of the passage turn this into a dispute of sovereignty between states?

The triangular Trade Route was a system of transferring goods, imports, and people throughout three different ports. Items were transported between the West Indies, Africa, and New England. The most known case of the Triangular Trade Route was in the 17th and 18th century when North American colonies would trade specific goods, like rum, in return for African slaves. The transfer of the slaves was referred to as the middle passage. The middle passage was a harsh and aggressive way of trading African slaves for economic use. The use of African slaves may have been a short term success for the American people however, the long term effect was horrific.

Arctic Lowlands is one of the geographic regions in Canada. This geographic region covers part of Nunavut. This region has flat, low area. It is also composed of series of low islands located in the far north of Canada, Nunavut. The climate is the Arctic Lowlands is very harsh. The climate is so bad that the ground remains frozen almost all year. Another thing this region is known for is large scale exploration for minerals such as gold and diamonds. This region is also the home of the largest supply of fossil fuels. This region also contains large amounts of lignite (a form of coal),l oil, and natural gas deposits.

“They had to take turns sitting and they slept each with his legs draped over the next man, enveloped in a fuming stench of stale vomit, rancid bodied, shit and puke, and on they went, soot-slicked and heart-sick, a thousand miles, five days and no food, six stops and three dead men.” (Flanagan, 2013, p. 38) The men of the Australian POW camps were horribly treated and brutally abused during the building of the Thailand-Burma Railroad in 1942-43. Though many of them volunteered to help build the railway, the majority do regret the decision. The novel The Narrow Road to the Deep North is a greatly written book by Richard Flanagan, that describes the Australian POW camps and the building the railway of

The polar ice caps are melting at a pace few nations can afford to ignore, which is yielding potentially profitable sources of energy, minerals, and shipping. But debate is building over whether the Arctic can be developed peaceably. In the 21st century, many experts believe that climate change, technological advances, and ever increasing global demand for resources unlock the economic potential of the Polar North. The melting of Arctic sea ice to record lows in recent years has motivated many nations, mainly those with Arctic Ocean coastlines, such as the United States, Canada, Russia, Norway, and Greenland to reassess their engagements and interests in the icy polar reaches. Canada’s

As global warming has helped dissipate the glaciers and icebergs of the Arctic region, new areas are becoming accessible for commercial shipping, fishing and energy development. The Arctic Council (since 1996) has therefore taken up the challenge of mapping out sovereign bodies to legally allocate and utilize the Arctic region’s vast bounds of natural resources; to settle territorial disputes between the primary Arctic Nations. Today, countries such as the UK are discontented by the fact that the Arctic is not being treated as a country which should be divided among the international community.