The Indonesian Petroleum Association asserts that, “Exploration for oil in
Indonesia dates back to 1871, with the first commercial production beginning in 1885.” The success of one of the very first wells, drilled at Telaga Tunggal in 1885, triggered the explosion in the Indonesian oil industry. At a depth of only 121 meters, this well was producing commercial quantities of oil. This immediately led to further exploration and drilling of new oil fields throughout the region. The Royal Dutch Company and Shell Transport and Trading were the first two companies to spearhead the start of the oil industry in Indonesia. In 1890, the Royal Dutch Company was created to produce and refine oil as Shell Transport and Trading focused on the marketing
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Indonesia’s economic development is in large, dependent on oil and gas production. The State
Constitution of 1945 mandated that “all of Indonesia’s land, water and natural resources are controlled by the State and will be utilized for the greatest benefit and welfare of its people.” Pertamina, Indonesia’s largest state-owned enterprise, was formed in 1957. The company is active in the upstream and downstream sectors of the oil, gas, and geothermal energy industries. Pertamina’s performance is reflected in the decline of Indonesia’s oil output since it is fully owned by the Indonesian government. Ultimately, the partnership of foreign and domestic companies with state bodies was needed to explore and produce oil, gas, and geothermal energy in Indonesia. By 1977, the annual oil production rate in Indonesia peaked at over 600 million barrels per day. At that time, the price of crude oil was about $14 U.S. dollars per barrel. Prices continued to rise until they peaked at $35 U.S. dollars per barrel and a sum of $15 billion dollars for oil exports. However, in 1982, production declined and the oil market began to weaken. The market eventually collapsed in 1986, bringing prices to an all time low. By 1989, total production was about 500 million barrels and oil exports valued at $6 billion U.S. dollars.The main petroleum-producing
Identify the strengths and weaknesses of Fontaine's and Gaudin's negotiating strategy in their deliberations with Reliant Chemical Company. How effectively did Fontaine and Gaudin approach the negotiation?
Valuation is the estimation of an asset’s value, whether real or financial, based on variables perceived to be related to future investment returns, on comparison with similar assets, or, when relevant, on estimates of immediate liquidation proceeds (Pinto, Henry, Robinson, Stowe; 2010). Correct valuation of real assets can present challenges to financial analysts. Different models can be used to arrive at the closest estimate of value and yet certain issues will always arise. This case attempts to tackle two approaches in real asset valuation: Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) analysis and the issues surrounding such, as well as the Black-Scholes Model for Real Options. Questions to be addressed in the study are:
Currently Saudi Arabia is one of the leading producers of oil in the world. However, it is losing its foothold on the market. Many countries, like North America, are increasing their oil production and are looking for ways to become less dependent on foreign oil. The increased competition has caused oil prices to decrease. By producing their own oil, countries not only will increase their revenues, but will also reduce their need to rely on foreign oil. By reducing their need foreign an oil a country does not have to worry that their oil supply will be cut off if they go to war.
In Texas, there is an economic powerhouse that not only runs deep beneath fields of cotton, but also reaches miles beyond the green pastures of cattle. Its multitude of uses in daily life also far outweighs the benefits of technology. This resource, greater than any other in Texas, is oil. In 1866 the first commercial oil well was dug near Nacogdoches, Texas but unfortunately the well came up dry. Thirty years later in 1894 oil was discovered in Corsicana, Texas by accident while a water well was being dug. This was the first economically significant discovery of oil in Texas. On January 10, 1901, Texas was catapulted into the era of oil and gas with the discovery at Spindletop. The Spindletop well, located south of Beaumont produced roughly
Many do not realize the impact of discovery in Texas oil has led to. It has led to new ways of thinking and creative inventions. Without the oil that was discovered in Texas, we would not be able to do many things we are able to do today. Through the research I have done, I have found many important events that were impacted by oil and I have composed a layout for you of the radio broadcast about Texas and its oil.
In 2016, the crude oil price movement prices were unpredictable. The OPEC reference basket dropped 10 percent to $43.22 per pound. The ICE Brent and NYMEX WTI both went down by 8.4 percent with ICE Brent at $47.08 per pound and NYMEX WTI at $45.76 per pound. This showed that there were uncertainties in the petroleum market. The future prices were predicted for 2017 that it would move higher. The World’s economic growth predictions was the same at 2.9% for 2016 but increased to 3.1% for 2017. Because of the 3rd quarter of 2016 in Japan and US, the OCED growth went from 1.6% to 1.7%. The demand for oil growth in 2016 has been increasing slightly to 1.24 mb/d. In 2017, the demand will be predicted with a decrease to 1.15 mb/d. OECD will
How did the national demand for oil affect the local businesses in Texas, and how did Texas oil discoveries affect the national oil market?
Going to the water was a hazard and they starved or was covered in the oiled
Australian-Indonesian relations are the foreign relations between the two countries, whether economically, politically, legally or socially. Australian-Indonesian relations involve an interaction in foreign policies between the two nations (Wolfsohn, 1951, p. 68). As long as Indonesia is Australia 's closest and largest neighbor, they are bound to have great international relations. These relations began as early as the 17th century and had only become enhanced with time (Daly, 2003, p. 397). The relationship has been defined by a conjoint growth trade of up to $14 between the years 2011-2012 which reports an increase from the previous economic year (Mark, 2012, p.402). These countries are members of various trade deals such as the ASEAN Regional Forum in addition to having close ties with education, defense, and leadership. Australia 's relationship with Indonesia is crucial, and lack of such could severely bruise the economy, and hence they need to keep united by ensuring the use of widespread media with beneficial input. Australia interacts with Indonesia in a way such as sporting activity, tourism, education, economic policies, youth exchange programs, cultures and above all their diplomacy (Okamoto, 2010, p.241).
Valuation is the estimation of an asset’s value, whether real or financial, based on variables perceived to be related to future investment returns, on comparison with similar assets, or, when relevant, on estimates of immediate liquidation proceeds (Pinto, Henry, Robinson, Stowe; 2010).
In late 1990, the group of Amoco Corporation and Apache Corporation had begun talking regarding the possible acquisition of MW Petroleum from Amoco to Apache. MW Petroleum Corporation is a wholly owned subsidiary of Amoco Corporation which has its own reserves, management team and with full ownership in geologic and engineering data. MW Petroleum, a free-standing exploration company that was even as large as some of independent oil companies. It operated exploration and development for well, approximately working interests in 9,500 wells in 300 production areas. The growth of MW was very attractive to the other investors, which company grows 30%
Negotiating is the art of managing power. "A negotiator’s power may be critical for the quality of his or her success…" (Kim, Pinkley, & Fragale, 2005, p. 799). There are various sources of power as well as various way to control power and its impact in negotiations. In the case of Pacific Oil's negation with its long time Reliant customer, power was significantly unbalanced to the disadvantage of Pacific Oil and its negotiators. This resulted in Pacific Oil making numerous concessions to the advantage of Reliant. However, there were many actions which Pacific Oil could have taken to balance the playing field in their negotiations, but would have required strategic planning far in advance. Pacific Oil failed
crude oil allowed in at the bottom of the tower at a time so that the
The Standard Oil Company of California(Socal) is trying to determine how much to bid on the Gulf Oil Corporation. George Keller, the CEO of Socal, would need to borrow 14 billion dollars in order to make a substantial bid. While banks are willing to lend the money because of Socal's low to debt ratio, the loan would put the company in a highly leveraged position. In order to alleviate that debt, some of Gulf's assets could be sold. Keller has to consider the value of Gulf's exploration and development program when calculating future returns. Two billion dollars were being spent on the exploration and development program. This money could instead be used to reduce the debt if Socal acquired the company. However, the exploration program
The oil industry can not be discussed without mentioning the name John D. Rockefeller. Rockefeller changed the business of oil distribution. In the 19th century Rockefeller began his humble beginnings with a small investment, along with two other partners, in the oil refining business. Eventually Rockefeller upset at the direction of the company bought out his partners. He was now buying into refining and developing kerosene and other petroleum-based products. He later named this company The Standard Oil Company which by 1872 nearly owned all the oil refineries in Cleveland. In 1882, Rockefeller took all his holdings and merged them into the Standard Oil Trust. Through smart business