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Paper Menagerie Dichotomy

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Society’s Tendency to Diminish Individualism Through Assimilation
All over the world, immigrants and their children often face external and internal hardships in society: often times their appearance sparks discrimination and maintaining their culture leads to alienation. They struggle to fit in, as they neither fit fully into the host society nor their ethnic society. This dichotomy exists in a more pronounced fashion for mixed race individuals, such as Jack. In Ken Liu’s “Paper Menagerie,” Jack faces hurtful encounters from his peers and neighbors due to the visibly different attributes he is born with and the heritage of which he is a part of. Consequently, Jack tries to conform to the cultural ideal around him to escape the reality of his …show more content…

In the process, Jack ignores his cultural identity in the pursuit of social acceptance, resulting in hostile behavior toward his mother and a loss of his individualism. Prompted by societal pressures, Jack’s assimilation to the prevalent American culture around him deteriorates his relationship with his own culture, as Liu uses Jack’s detachment with the origami to emphasize the loss of his Chinese identity.
Before experiencing societal pressures, Jack feels comfortable with his culture; however, societal influences cause him to resent his differences and assimilate to the American culture. In the beginning, when Jack’s mother makes him the origami, he “laugh[s]” playfully, stroking Laohu’s—his paper tiger— “back with an index finger,” (Liu, 1) as his young mind, uninfluenced by society, maintains a unity between himself and his Chinese culture. Jack’s culture and personal identity initially unify as one manifestation within himself, without tension and friction. Even as he introduces Laohu to Mark, one of the neighborhood boys, he unconsciously speaks in Chinese, illustrating how his menagerie connects him to his identity. Mark thinks Laohu looks like “cheap Chinese garbage” (4) and begins to bully Jack about his toys and Chinese identity. Nevertheless, Jack’s …show more content…

The paper menagerie serve as a source of embarrassment to Jack, as they exemplify his cultural differences for which he gets bullied. Consequently, Jack begins to assimilate into the American culture, as he puts “the paper menagerie in a large shoebox” and “tape[s] the lid” (6) to lock away the parts of his life that embody his culture, which he feels is the origin of the social discrimination he faces. By abandoning the origami, Jack detaches himself from his Chinese identity and slowly starts to lose his own identity, as the origami hold the essence of his true self. Identical to how Laohu preys upon the other animals, pressing them down until they become “flat, folded-up pieces of paper,” (2) Jack preys upon those aspects that manifest his culture, squeezing them until “the air [goes] out” (7). By refusing to answer his mother in Chinese, the ultimatum that Jack gives his mother affects her the same way Laohu’s violence affects the other animals. By attacking his mother, Jack belittles and disassociates himself from his culture. Similar to Jack’s strikes on his culture, Laohu “pounce[s] at [the] sparrows,” ultimately hurting himself in the process, as “a cornered bird [strikes] back in desperation and [tears] his ear” (3). By yelling at his mother to speak

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