Table of Contents page
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<li value="1">0 Explanation of the two tactics 2
<li value="2">0 The effectiveness of social proof 2
<li value="2">1 Circumstances when effective 3
<li value="2">2 Circumstances when ineffective 4
<li value="2">3 Persuadee when effective 4
<li value="2">4 Persuadee when ineffective 5
<li value="2">5 Persuader when effective 5
<li value="2">6 Persuader when ineffective 6
<li value="2">7 Conclusion of Social Proof 7
<li value="3">0 The effectiveness of scarcity 7
<li value="3">1 Circumstances when effective 7
<li value="3">2 Circumstances when ineffective 8
<li value="3">3 Persuadee when effective
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Opportunities seem more valuable to us when their availability is limited. (James, 2000)
2.0 The effectiveness of social proof
The fact that others engage in a particular behavior constitutes a kind of "social proof" that it is OK or appropriate
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<li value="1"> The principle of social proof says: "the greater the number of people who do something, the greater the proof that it is correct."
<li value="2"> There is a reciprocal dimension to this: if I do something and others follow me, it must be all right.
<li value="3"> In the face of uncertainty, we invoke the principle: "convince and you shall be convinced" (Hadden, 2003)
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Social proof belongs to a psychological tactic widely used in all fields including psychology, management, education, criminology, human resource management and marketing communication as well. And in each field the social proof has been proved effective so that it is universal now. Especially in MarCom, it is widely and masterly used. But its effectiveness is subject to three factors: circumstances, persuadee and persuader.
2.1 Circumstances when effective
The Bio-Young Star newspaper advertisement as shown in Appendix 1, is an ad using social proof. The 50-year-old lady Vivien Lee was chosen from ordinary people but healthy and looks much younger than her age. This ad
One subtle form of social influence is conformity. Conformity is a change in one’s behavior due to the real or imagined influence of other people. The aftermath of conforming ranges from heroism to tragedy. If we are uncertain about how to think or what do, we may rely on informational social influence. Informational social influence is the influence of other people that leads us to conform because we see them as a source of information to guide our behavior. We conform because we believe that others’ interpretations of an ambiguous situation is more correct than ours and will help us choose an appropriate course of action. Private acceptance is conforming to other people’s behavior out of a genuine belief that what they are doing or
Humans often act in ways they know to be incorrect or wrong for their own social benefit, often because we fear being different. One example of this is the Asch Conformity Experiment, where 75% of participants would choose the wrong answer on an obvious question just to not stand out from the crowd. After the experiment, all said they felt self-conscious and feared disapproval from the group. Another example is when those in a social group have preferences or choices differ from the rest of the group, they will often conform to the rest of the group's opinion. Nobody wants to be the only person to dislike a certain food or think a certain way, they fear they will be judged negatively for it. As social creatures, we seek for and strive other
Human beings are defined as ''social animals'' because in every aspects of life they live together, they form a variety of groups and improve relationships with each other. Interaction with others is a natural result of living in society. In the process of interaction, society and its rules has a social impact on each individual. If people face with any kind of social impact such as group pressure, great part of them show conformity by changing their behaviors, ideas, decisions in expected way. A person conforms if he or she chooses a course of action that a majority favors or that is socially acceptable. Some kind of conformity is natural and socially healthy but obeying all the norms, ideas, and decisions without thinking or accepting
In the Brain Games video, the impression is shown through a woman that walks into a doctor’s office. With no knowledge of what is going on, a beep sounds, and she looks around the room, confused, as everyone else in the room rise to their feet. For the first few times she stays planted in her seat, only to stand up shortly after just because everyone else is doing it. After everyone in the waiting room has left except her, a new person, just like she had been, walks in and as the beep sounds he stands. Soon enough, as the room fills up, she has everyone else rising on the beep too. All of this because everyone else was doing it. This illustrates the purpose of social conformity, the need to belong, or fit in. After one person in community starts behaving in a sort of way, the community will follow. Social conformity can lead to an unseeing
There is typically an underlying social force causing the individual to act or think in that specific way. (Cox, 1986)
In her essay, Joanna McKay gives many reasonable incentives to persuade the reader. She points out that
“Big Brother is watching you” (Orwell 2). This quote is from the novel 1984 by George Orwell. In this book, the society is controlled by an all powerful government that capsizes the people’s brain so that there is no independent thought. Citizens are constantly being watched and monitored while all they can do is support them and pour out hate to the enemy thinking the party is always right. Hope comes to a man named Winston, the protagonist, a lone man who secretly opposes the manipulation of the mind. After the plot unravels, Winston begins to show his opposition against the party. The party controls everything in the society and puts everything the way they want it to be, endlessly reminding people that they
Social organizations pressure one another to conform to decisions made. How? Group conformity shows that individuals often seek agreement with the rest of its members. Concern towards what others think, members tend to comply with arrangements favored by the rest of the crowd. Conditions such as leadership, positions, and circumstances make us believe we need to yield to what society implies is right.
Social norms can dictate and justify how people behave. In order to justify their actions, some people
Social conventions are unwritten rules in society that are treated as the norm and as such, can be misinterpreted as the right thing to do, making them very hard to oppose. However, in truth, following social norms is not always the correct thing to do. Budge Wilson’s short
In society, today most people live by what we call “social norms” a representation of an individual’s own basic knowledge of what others do and what they think they should do; some follow suite and some don’t. We are all living in a world where everyone has different opinions and judgments. Also, every one of us has a different perspective of the world and what we know is merely based on our own experiences. One only adapts to what they are familiar with and at times you tend to lose out because they’re reluctant of change so we resort back to our norm of life. We are prisoners of our own ability and we are subject to the social patterns we live in.
Discuss what is meant by the term “customer orientation”. Illustrate with examples how companies demonstrate their customer orientation by reference to at least two elements of the marketing mix.
Social proof also occurs when a person is unaware of how to act or behave, and so they mimic how other people act because they feel that the other person’s behavior is more accurate than theirs. The three situations informational social influence can happen are when a situation is ambiguous; there is a crisis; or when a person lacks information and so they turn to another for guidance or seek knowledge (usually a person with more knowledge and expertise). Humans are not the only species that partake in informational social influence, a study was shown that chimpanzees’ use informational social influence to share new techniques and behaviors. Informational social influence can lead not only to compliance but to private acceptance where the person believes the information given to them is correct. In 1935, Muzafer Sherif conducted a social psychology experiment with the intention to prove that people conform under group pressure when put in unclear/ambiguous situations. (Goodman, H. 2003) In contrast to Asch’s social psychology experiment, rather than using a classroom to study how group pressure can cause conformity, Sherif conducted a lab experiment which was called the auto-kinetic effect experiment. Sherif used a visual illusion called the Autokinetic effect where a light was projected on a screen
Normative influence primarily occurs in situations where an individual, when amidst others in a crowd, tend to go along with them primarily in order to be liked and accepted by them as part of their fraternity. Research has identified that normative inference normally occurs as an inborn human nature as human beings tends to associate themselves with others in order to maintain a good social contact and relationship with them. Ideally, normative influence is normally furthered by the need for an individual to increase their chances of surviving especially during adverse conditions. This entails that people may at times seem to agree with others just in order for them to appease themselves to them and avoid potential conflict of standing alone and standing out. In some situations normative influence may occur where individuals associate with complete strangers. In such cases, due to mutual fear for each other, an individual may naturally try to agree with the rest in order to avoid appearing as contradictory or controversial.
A perfect example of this social proof phenomenon is the laughing tracks added to sit-coms. Since there is laughter in the background we assume it must be funny so we laugh. Everyone else is laughing so must we.