Physics: Stage 1 Physics

Anti-Lock Brake System (ABS) is a combination of vehicle hardware and software that work together to maintain steering control and vehicle stability during hard braking. Initially developed as a special option for topof-the-line models, today’s ABS units are compact, easy to service, inexpensive and widely available. Now every major automotive manufacturer offers some form of ABS vehicle control that provides safe, maximum braking under all weather conditions and road surfaces.

In this experiment, the signal generator was set so that the frequency meter showed a reading of 1,803 Hz. The microphone was moved to a distance from the speaker so that the oscilloscope displayed a straight diagonal line. This position was of the microphone was recorded as the initial position, or beginning of a wavelength. The microphone was then moved farther in the same direction until the oscilloscope displays the same horizontal line. This position was recorded as final position, or the end of the wavelength. The distance between the two positions represents one wavelength for this frequency. This was repeated for frequencies of 2,402 Hz, 3,002, Hz, 3,602 Hz, and 4,201 Hz.

Batteries store energy in chemical form. They release energy by pumping electrons’ through wires from the minus pole to the plus pole. Devices inbetween convert this energy to another form, Efficieny- e.motor=85%, combustion= 20%

20. Because the magnetic force which deflects the electrons is defined by F = q * v x B

In this activity, the marbles represent the narrow beam of alpha particles used to determine the structure of atoms, the unknown object represents the atoms that Rutherford studied, the cardboard represents the gold foil that was made up of gold atoms and the paper represents the approximate path that the alpha particles bounced off of or went through the gold foil at that Rutherford observed.

Atomic mass of calcium is 40. The mass of 2.5 gram atoms of calcium is _______.

10. Suppose the thickness of an oil film on water is just the right thickness for canceling yellow light. What color will your eye see? Explain using 3 – 4 complete sentences.

In a car crash, due to Newton’s first law, when the car stops suddenly, the body in the car continues moving forward at the same velocity of the car was moving previously but the body does not continue moving at the same velocity as it will hit an object inside the car, such as the steering wheel or dashboard. This force that is exerted on the body results in serious injuries.

Namely, the seat belt works in endless ways to shield drivers and passengers from potential danger on the road. For example, in her article concerning seat belts, Beth Orenstein mentions that in the case of a collision or accident, the seat belt performs an effective job by preventing drivers and passengers from being ejected out of the car, spreading the force out from the crash to avert any acute injuries, and helping the body slow down while the collision impact continues to affect the car (Orenstein 1). Furthermore, Tom Harris reinforces Orenstein’s facts in his own article and states that seat belts keep drivers inside their cars by working against inertia, which is “an object’s tendency to keep moving” (Harris 2). Thus, when a moving car comes to an abrupt halt, the human body is restrained by the shoulder and lap belts so as not to be hurdled out the window. Unmistakably, seat belts save thousands of lives each year and to make amplified use of this revolutionary technology can save thousands more. Given this, it is evident that the seat belt is not a mere accessory that accompanies any car; without it, fatal injuries are exceedingly probable and the risk of death is also drastically

The effects of ABS and the regenerative system on society and the environment have accused that the driver injury risk and injury severity through the breakdown of real crash outcomes which was reported by the Police in Australia.Regenerative braking system increase range and reduce Co2

I think we can all agree cars are great fun to drive. We also like comparing cars side by side, lining up the specs: horse power, torque ratios, top speed, and especially 0-60 times. One spec, just as important as the rest that is often overlooked is 60 – 0 times, or stopping times. But the fact is that cars must stop. Many of today’s cars do that function using something called Antilock Braking or ABS. ABS uses sensors to monitor the wheel speed in order to determine if a wheel, or multiple wheels, are about to lock up. If the sensors determine this is happening, a series of hydraulic valves limit or reduce the braking on that or those wheels. ABS works on all four tires.

In a region of space there is a uniform magnetic field of magnitude 0.25mT pointing vertically straight down.

     Acceleration and Speed are obviously the two defining characteristics of a fast car. Newton’s three laws of motion are an essential part in determining how fast a

The reason for the development of anti-lock braking system is very simple. Under braking, if one or more of a vehicle’s wheels lock then this has a number of consequences: a) braking distance increases, b) steering control is lost, and c) tire wear will be uncommon. The tangible outcome is that an accident is more likely to occur. The application of brakes creates a force that impedes a vehicles motion by applying a force in the opposite direction. During severe braking scenarios, a point is obtained in which the tangential velocity of the tire surface and the velocity on road surface are not the same such that an optimal slip which corresponds to the maximum friction is obtained. The ABS controller must deal with the brake dynamics and the wheel dynamics as a whole plant.

Anti-lock braking system (ABS) is an automobile safety system, that allows the wheels on a motor vehicle to maintain tractive contact with the road surface according to driver inputs while braking. Preventing the wheels from locking up (ceasing rotation) and avoiding uncontrolled skidding, it is an automated system that uses the principles of threshold braking and cadence braking which were practiced by skillful drivers with previous generation braking systems. It does this at a much faster rate and with better control than a driver could manage.