Political Philosophers: Reconstruction
Following the Civil War, America was seeping with racial tension. Jim Crow laws were on the rise, as were miscegenation laws and lynchings. This proved that while blacks were free of slavery, their struggle for equality was far from over. With racial integration out of the question, prominent black leaders were forced to pull their resources and rethink their political strategies. Some of these leaders were Booker T. Washington, W.E.B Du Bois, Alexander Crummell, and Marcus Garvey. These four men’s political philosophies played a vital role in revitalizing black nationalism, cultural pride, and civil liberties at a time when all of these things seemed out of reach.
Alexander Crummell was born in New…show more content… Additionally, he conducted annual research conferences at Atlanta University and stressed that future black leaders must utilize the best education that 's available to them to uplift the race and in turn challenge white supremacy. Essentially, Du Bois envisioned a very elitist approach to black leadership. He felt that that by providing the most rigorous curriculum to the most academically talented blacks, he could eventually create what he called the “talented tenth,” which was a cohort of black leaders who had an obligation to lead and uplift the rest of the black community. Du Bois’ leadership initiated multiple national and international developments such as an exhibit for the 1900 Paris World’s Fair that highlighted many African American’s achievements since emancipation.1 He led the African American delegation to the first Pan-African congress in London. In 1905, Du Bois helped launch the Niagara Movement. This was a militant protest organization of black professionals that attempted to revamp national black civil rights. Some of the specific goals outlined in the declaration of principles for the Niagara Movement were voting rights, equal educational opportunities, and opposition to segregation. Du Bois’ ideologies are often compared to those of Booker T. Washington because both men were dedicated to their people’s elevation, full freedom, and equality. The main difference between their views was Washington’s
Democracy
ABSTRACT: From its first appearance in western culture, philosophy has been considered able to build up reality, to educate people, and to disclose truth. Plato proposed philosophers as governors in life-long pursuit of philosophical learning. Socrates was the ideal paradigm of an educating philosopher: he tried to wake up human minds so that they could be aware of themselves and of the world, criticizing tradition and prejudices in a logically consistent perspective. A critical and
About Author
Professor of Government at Harvard University, Michael J. Sandel’s course on justice, where he teaches political philosophy, has enrolled more than 15,000 Harvard students. “Justice: What’s the Right Thing to Do?” was written to accompany Sandel’s famous justice course which he has taught for more than thirty years and has been offered online TV summary versions. His writings also have been published in 21 languages.
Book Content Relation with Public Policy Course.
Chapter one was
The Concept of Encounter of Cultures in the Philosophy of History
ABSTRACT: A general problem of philosophical interests concerns the possibility of objective knowledge of other cultures and a past culture, as well as the adequacy of their reconstruction. The problem of cultural development is also crucial. By the criterion I develop, a culture which has expanded its potentialities in various independent forms is an open culture able to enter into dialogue with any other culture.
1. To begin
In 1803, the Supreme Court’s Marbury v. Madison decision would forever alter the political framework of the United States. Resulting in the creation of judicial review—the power to determine if a piece of legislation is constitutional, that is, whether or not it infringes on the provisions of existing law —the Marbury v. Madison decision arguably made the judicial branch the most powerful division of the federal government. Today, judicial review is a fundamental part of American government, standing
have done. Philosophy causes everyone to at least question the norms of society and situations. This makes a healthy pattern for society. If we never were to question anything we would just be blind sheep who follow whatever they are told. Many philosophers challenge the norms in a hope to make things better. Karl Marx and Buddha were very influential people in the world of Philosophy and are some of the pioneers of challenging the routine and normal perception of things and ideas. They had their
The Golden age of Athens
Fifth-century Athens refers to the Greek city-state of Athens in the period of roughly 480 BC-404 BC. This was a period of Athenian political hegemony, economic growth and cultural flourishing formerly known as the Golden Age of Athens or The Age of Pericles. The period began in 480 BC when an Athenian-led coalition of city-states, known as the Delian League, defeated the Persians at Salamis. As the fifth century wore on, what started as an alliance of independent city-states gradually
William O. Stanley, Paulo Freire, Ismail Hakki Tonguch, Neil Postman, and Charles Weingartner. Each of these educational philosophers have greatly shaped the reconstruction ideologies; however, for the purpose of this paper, it was considered to analyze the work of Brameld, Horton, and Freire.
Theodore Brameld (1904 – 1987) is considered to be the founder of the social reconstruction movement. The Brameld 's ideas to understand human condition were nurtured by thinkers such as Freud and Marx, as well
Hannah Arendt was a political philosopher who grew up in Germany and was born into a Jewish family. Arendt was one of the most prominent and influential political philosophers of the twentieth century. Throughout her works, she discussed extremely catastrophic political events that she experienced, and tried to examine these situations in relation to their meaning and how their historical importance is able to change our own moral and political judgements. (d'Entreves, 2016) The film ‘Hannah Arendt’
and very rarely toughed upon in the later ones. Oftentimes, it seemed as though only a week of classes was devoted to this period at the start of the semester, eschewed in favor of the more “relevant” modern history—the Industrial Revolution, or Reconstruction, or the World Wars. So, coming into this course, I can say I only had the faintest grasp on this time period, particularly the timeline of events and a hint of understanding about each civilization’s unique cultures. It was also at the start of
Professor William R. Lund
History of Political Philosophy II
May 12, 2015
Final Essay
Essay Question # 6
Property Owning Democracy:
A Comparative Analysis to Marxian Communism
John Rawls is an American political philosopher, born and raised in Baltimore, Maryland. His work contributed towards a better understanding of justice as fairness and author of the book that bears the same title. In his manuscript, Justice as Fairness, Rawls introduces a new political philosophy known as property owning democracy