A research study can be broken out into 4 different parts: topic, problem, purpose and questions. Aligning these components will help to make sure the article is cohesive in its content and that the author is staying on track. I examined three scholarly articles that describe studies related to the field of Respiratory Therapy. I reviewed each article to determine the topic, problem, purpose and question to see if the authors were able to maintain alignment throughout the article.
Article 1
Effect of a Protective-Ventilation Strategy on Mortality in the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (Amato et al.,). The topic of the article is the use of protective lung strategies and the effects they have on mortality rates for patients with Acute
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They explained the problem well, gave background information on what lead them to believe that a lung protective strategy would work, detailed the steps used in the trial and clearly explained the outcome of the research. The article was well written and easy for the audience to follow.
Article 2
Effects of Marijuana Smoking on the Lung (Tashkin, 2013). This is a review of several studies on the effects of marijuana smoking and the damage it can cause to the lung. The topic of this study is what, if any, pulmonary consequences will there be with repeated or habitual inhalation on marijuana. The problem that the authors were addressing is that marijuana is the 2nd highest substance, in our society, that is inhaled.
In 2011, 36.4% of high school seniors in the United States reported using marijuana within the past year, 22.6% within the past month and 6.6% on a daily basis. By comparison, daily use of tobacco was reported to be 10.3% of 12th graders (Tashkin, 2013, p.
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241)?
• Is regular smoking of marijuana a risk factor for respiratory cancer (Tashkin, 2013, p. 243)?
• Does marijuana smoking increase the risk of lower respiratory tract infections (Tashkin, 2013, p. 245)?
• Possible associations of marijuana use with pulmonary barotrauma and bullous lung disease (Tashkin, 2013, p. 246)
This article did an extremely good job of maintaining alignment. It followed an outline form, making it easy for the reader to navigate and understand the different aspects of the study.
Article 3
Overweight/obesity and respiratory and allergic disease in children: International study of asthma and allergies in childhood (ISAAC) phase two (Weinmayr et al., 2014). The topic of this article was to determine if there is a link between childhood obesity and asthma. The problem this article addresses is that childhood obesity is increasing throughout the world. The children who are obese, seem to have a higher prevalence of asthma. The purpose of the study is to determine if there is a link between childhood obesity and asthma. And to determine if the prevalence of these two conditions are more common in affluent countries. The questions the study focused on
The legalization of the drug marijuana is a hot topic nowadays. Many people want this substance to be legalized and regularly available like cigarettes. But what some people do not know are the serious health risks involved when using marijuana. There is a lot more to marijuana than just smoking it.
Whatever temporary changes marijuana may produce in the immune system, they have not been found to increase the danger of infectious disease or cancer. If there were significant damage, we might expect to find a higher rate of these diseases among young people beginning in the 1960s, when marijuana first became popular. There is no evidence of that.
2. Once they discover that the government has been lying about marijuana, they are less inclined to believe official warnings about other drugs. 3. Once they buy marijuana on the black market, they are more likely to have the opportunity to buy other drugs” (Sullum). There is an obvious connection between pot smoking and other drug use because people who like the “high” that they get from pot, will enjoy a different “high” from another drug. However there is no connection between using marijuana and the desire to use other drugs. It is a matter of personality, environment, and personal influence. Even a National Academy of Sciences panel stated “There is no evidence that marijuana serves as a stepping stone on the bases of its particular drug effect” in a recent report (Sullum). Many other pro-prohibitionists have stated that marijuana is responsible for a long list of health problems. Although marijuana is connected to immediate lung problems like occasional coughing and phlegm production, and an increased risk for acute chest infections, there has never been a single tie to cancer. The results of studies linking marijuana smoking to lung cancer have also been hindered by small test sizes and subject bias, and the true results are saturated with unconfirmed studies and secret procedures with public results (Buddy). Marijuana is gaining headway with the most recent Gallup poll reported that 48 percent of the population supports decriminalization of marijuana, while
Studies have proven that marijuana is no more harmful to a person’s health than alcohol or tobacco. Every year, tobacco kills roughly 390,000 people, alcohol contributes to 80,000 deaths in America and marijuana contributed to 0; no deaths from marijuana have ever been recorded in US history (Abovetheinfluence.org). When smoking tobacco, the user inhales tar, nicotine, carbon monoxide, and 200 other known poisons into the lungs (Abovetheinfluence.org). All forms of tobacco, including cigars, pipe tobacco, snuff, and chewing tobacco, contain the addictive drug nicotine, and can also cause cancer. Alcohol alters a person's perceptions, emotions, movement, vision, and hearing. Alcohol plays a role in at least 50 percent of traffic deaths, about half of murders, and about 25 percent of suicides (Abovetheinfluence.org). Marijuana side effects include delusions, impaired memory, hallucinations and disorientation, which are no different from the side effects of alcohol alone.
The purpose of the article is clearly stated from the background statement, however, the introduction part doesn’t clearly specify if the problem or the research is particularly conducted on adults or pediatrics. This is
Marijuana is one of the most commonly used drugs in the Nation and the world. In an article by Gray (2007) he states that “42% of high school seniors have tried marijuana, 18% have used it in the past 30 days, and 5% use it daily. Among adolescents aged 12 to 17, 3.6% met criteria for cannabis use disorder (abuse or dependence) and 2% met criteria for cannabis dependence”. Gray (2007) also explains how easily adolescents say it is to obtain marijuana these days. The article also states that there is evidence to prove that marijuana use may lead to “hard” drug use, academic failure, and more. With those who use marijuana chronically it may lead to impairing of the immune
Hall, P. W., & Degenhardt, P. L. (2009, October). Adverse Health Effects of Non-Medical Cannabis Use. The Lancet, 374(9698), 1383-1391.
Marijuana can be used to immediately combat a long-term disease such as asthma and arthritis. As seen in a study published in the American Review of Respiratory Disease in 1975, it is shown how medical marijuana can treat asthma. In this study, eight people who suffered from asthma were “induced
Armand, Wynne. "Marijuana: Health effects of recreational and medical use". Ed. Armand,Wynne.Research.2016.Armand provides research information that recreational marijuana can cause health issues in one's life in the forms of long-term and short-term use ranging from battling one's memorization skills, cognitive skills, to how damage to the lungs like bronchitis and asthma. Armand expresses that recreational marijuana is a common use among teenagers to young adults. That how among that age bracket, marijuana consumption is the highest in the nation. That among this bracket when marijuana is consumed in the body, it creates short term effects that can damage these developing brains, which could lead them from growing at the regular pace for
The use of tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana within America throughout the twenty and twenty-first century has been heavily disputed within our own government as well as shaped many of our leaders lives. Even currently, the argument for legalized marijuana is heavily debated and brought to the American public eye through vast media sources. The health risks involved in partaking of tobacco, marijuana, and alcohol can be very consequential, or not at all. Many current political acts, such as Colorado legalizing recreational marijuana, have brought the eligibility of past studies on the health risks of marijuana to the surface as well as the health factors involved with other legal substances. This act followed by many other states has forced the government to reevaluate their stances on the legality of mind altering substances.
The abstract provides a nice summary of the article including the purpose, method, results and conclusion of the study. There is no real sense of urgency portrayed in the abstract because the authors fail to explain what the problem is that the study is aimed at researching. The authors do include the applicability of their
There are several myths presented to make marijuana seem harmful to one’s health, but many of them have been proven scientifically wrong. Three myths commonly presented and associated with smoking marijuana are: marijuana causes mental permanent mental illness, smoking marijuana is more harmful to the lungs than smoking tobacco, and also marijuana is a gateway drug. Through my research I have found that the commonly believed myths and misconceptions of marijuana intoxication are only social fears of those whom have not done any research on the effects of the drug.
Marijuana usually does not contain more than 1 percent of THC. There are stronger drugs related to THC, such as "hash oil", which can contain up to a 28 percent THC level. There have been some cases where "street" marijuana has been found to contain up to 5 percent THC content. That is very potent for normal marijuana, and is probably very hard to come by in the United States. Other countries seem to use different forms of THC related drugs such as hashish, and hemp. Both of these contain more THC than marijuana. As far as long term effects of tobacco and marijuana go, they are about the same. Cancer should appear in the lungs of a tobacco-user earlier due to the amount the tobacco-user smokes in relation to a normal marijuana smoker. There have been many assumptions that marijuana will cause long term brain damage and so on, but, clinically, none of this has ever been proven. In fact, in a college survey, the students who use the drug regularly possessed a higher GPA than those who do not use. This is an entire different subject, but it was interesting to learn.
Smokers are also at risk due to the so called “smokers cough” (Hernia Symptoms, 2007/2008).
Many studies have shown that the “more marijuana one uses, the more likely one has the risk of developing head and neck cancer” (Giannasio). This is why marijuana is as harmful as tobacco because the more one consumes it for medical uses or even just as an escape from reality then, the bigger the chance that person will develop head or neck cancer. In addition, “it has been proven that a smoke of marijuana “contains 50%