Britney Cooke
SYD4820 T/TR
Professor Armato
20 October 2017
Reflection Paper 2: The Work Family Nexus The analysis of the work family plays an important role in the study of masculinities specifically and gender generally because you can measure socioeconomic inequalities through the labor market and how capitalism effects and shapes our views on masculinity, and what family should be. This can be seen in the societal viewing of men as the designated breadwinner of the family. When breaking down the labor market, we can see distinct differences between men on women based on gender and race, as well as the social organization of masculinity. These differences were brought more into with Kristen Schilt’s study on how transmen make gender visible at work (2006). Gendered practicing, leading to gender inequality has seeped into our workplaces. The transmen in this study who were at the job as women and then transitioned began to benefit from the patriarchal dividend (the advantages men gain through women’s subordination) after they transitioned (Schilt, 2006). They were granted respect, authority, and prestige they didn’t have when working as women (Schilt, 2006). The experiences of the trans men who didn’t fit into the category of the hegemonic male, i.e. they were short, a person of color, short, or young bring to light how the interplay of gender, race, age, and bodily characteristics can limit access to the gendered workplace advantages. Women are discriminated in the workplace to the point where men even surpass them in supposedly women’s professions. In blue-collar proffessions they aren’t given the sufficient training to advance in manual stocks, are passed over for promotions, and are subject to extreme racial, sexual, and gender harassment. These constant attacks lead to women’s reduced presence and power in this field (Byrd 1999; Miller 1997; Yoder and Aniakudo 1997). Throughout history, we can see different legislations that have barred, or made it difficult for groups in the work force. The Indian Removal Act of 1830, which authorized the president to grant unsettled lands west of the Mississippi in exchange for Native American lands within existing state borders, and Dawes Act of 1887, which
At this same time Native Americans were encountering problems. They were being pushed out of their lands and in 1851 the federal government passed the the Indians Appropriation Act. In the late nineteenth century the federal government passed the Dawes act in 1887. This act allowed for the making of reservations. And a new policy
Steven Adams Dr. Alexander Mendoza United Sates History II Journal Entries 1-10 Entry 1 What was the Dawes Act? It was named for Senator Henry L. Dawes of Massachusetts, chair of the Senate’s Indian Affairs Committee. It divided land into small sections, however this allowed the tribe to retain only a minor portion of land. The remaining land was purchased by whites. Did the Dawes act benefit the Plains Indians?
There has been much documentation on the plight of Native Americans throughout the beginnings of this nation. In spite of the attempts by the early government of the United States, the culture of many Native American tribes has survived and even flourished. The Dawes Severalty Act of 1887 is just one of many examples of how our government attempted to wipe out Native American culture. This paper will discuss the Dawes Act, particularly the time leading up to the act, the act itself, and finally its failure. By understanding the past failures in the treatment of a particular race of people, the government can learn how to protect the rights of all people, especially in a day and age of cultural diversity.
The ever unending topic of gender equality in the workplace and life in general is one that is uneasy to analyze. The essay “The men we carry in our minds” by Scott Russell Sanders not only hit on inequality, it also makes a major point of showing how the upbringing of an individual really impact their point of view. Depending on how we grew up or how we were raised, we all see to this matter differently.
My experience, or “biography” with gender and gender inequality can be attributed to what C. Wright Mills’s calls “history”, or the social world. According to Mills, our individual lives interact with society to formulate our experiences. This perspective “enables us to grasp history and biography and the relations between the two within society” (C. Wright Mills 3). As discussed in Module Twelve: Gender, Work, and Family, women and men are placed into two separate spheres; the private sphere and the public sphere. My life experiences relate to the private sphere, which is associated with femininity and domestic work. Society reserves the public sphere for men only, in which they are dominant and “breadwinners”. This is the sphere that I have been conditioned by society to not pursue.
In “The End of Men?,” an article featured in The Atlantic in summer 2010, author Hanna Rosin illustrates the drastic, ascending shifts perceived in modern society. Rosin poises the theory of how men were traditionally seen as the superior gender. The author believes there is a contractionary shift in gender roles and that the new era is “[B]etter suited to women” (Rosin 304). Recent studies show that women are becoming prominent in the workforce, education, and family. Accordingly, she explains how women are miraculously able to balance work while nurturing their children. Rosin believes that this occurs because men are not biologically made to tend children. Additionally, Rosin analyses how men lost “8 million jobs” during the Great Recession (Rosin 306). During that time, women were becoming what made a majority of the workforce. There were increases in women’s presence in what used to be male-dominated fields: school, politics, and business. Rosin questions this drastic shift concerning women and men’s roles in society, stating how they are now equally competing for jobs. Moreover, the way women behave now show their commendable abilities in the workforce and how society is changing as they establish their dominance and authority everyday. Once, women were frowned upon, but nowadays, more people favor having girls than boys. Today’s era is commending women with their admirable work ethic and self-worth. Throughout most of history, men dominated the
In today’s society it is still common to assign gender stereotype to specific career paths. Careers such as a construction worker, mechanic and electrician may be gender stereotyped as a man’s career and careers such as nursing, secretary, elementary school teachers and child care workers may be seen as a woman’s profession. I chose to analyze the concept of “ The Glass Escalator” by Adia Wingfield and relate it to two different news articles “ More men enter Fields Dominated by Women.” By Shaila Dewan and Robert Gebeloff and the article “Kudos for the Black Male Nurse” by Benjamin Greeen Jr. It has been encouraged for both men and women to take on occupational fields regardless of gender and race stereotypes. In Adia Wingfield’s study she also focuses on the inequality based off of race and gender in the work field for advancement in the a workplace. I decided to focus more on the subject of men just entering these different fields as an accomplishment.
Unfortunately, the Dawes Act led to many negative effects for the Native
The U.S became a colonial power. This negatively affected the native tribes, such as the Sioux when the Dawes Act was passed in 1887, making it legal for the government to buy any land they pleased. In this instance, the growth of government proved to be a poison to the natives who were forced to give up their land and way of life. The expansion of government not only targeted native tribes, but also singled out races of immigrants, such as the Chinese. In 1882, the government approved and passed the Chinese Exclusion Act, which stated that Chinese immigrants could only exist in China Towns, which were established for second class citizenships. (Pettengill, 1/31/18). This display of segregation demonstrated how the government had the power to divide the nation into sectors that could be regulated much easier. In doing so, the government was striping America’s offer of freedom to the immigrants that sought a better life in the new
This archival website details the purpose of the Dawes Act and who the Act’s supporters were. It showcases Henry Dawes as a well-intentioned Congressman hoping to create opportunities for Indians. The article discusses the negative impacts of the Dawes Act historically as well as in present
The Dawes Act of 1887 was an act that attempted to allot the land of the Native Americans. It tried to fall apart the Indian reservations by allotting land to Individual Indians. The purpose of this act was to improve the life of the Indians and assimilate them into the American society. Through the Johnson-O'Malley Act, the United Stated decided to provide subsidization on education, medicine and social welfare for the Native Americans who lived within the borders. It reduced the federal government’s strict regulation towards every aspect of the Indian life. This act allowed the Secretary of the Interior to deal with contracts between the States and the federal government for the education, welfare and medicine of Indians.
Five specific groups were especially affected by industrialization: Native Americans, African Americans, children, farmers, and immigrants. Due to federal and state policies, Native Americans were removed from their traditional land into reservations, which were often smaller, more undesirable land. The Dawes Act of 1887, which broke up reservation lands, was ultimately detrimental to Native Americans. Settlers and federal troops pushed the remaining free tribes off their homelands in the Great Plains, and killed most of the buffalo population on which Native Americans relied for survival (The USA online, n.d.).
To begin with three should be an examination of how “the persistence of gender ideologies” has affected equality in the workplace. As Kimmel states, “Since the early nineteenth century, the workplace has been seen as a masculine arena, where men could test and prove their manhood against other men in the dog-eat-dog marketplace” (Kimmel 249). This is still occurring
The economics of intimate partner relationships play a role in patriarchy and the reinforcement of women abuse. Martin (1981) states that meritocracy is a discourse that everyone has equal opportunity in the workforce. It fails to recognize the barriers that prevent people from having the same opportunities as others. For instance, women face many social pressures that prevent them from working in the public sphere such as discrimination, sexism, being pushed down to apply for certain jobs because it dominated by males and may not have the physical requirement like body mass. Martin (1981) argues that capitalism supports patriarchal families and the idea that a woman's place is considered to be in the private sphere, the home, while a man is to be in the public sphere. Martin (1981) states that capitalism is about competition and succeeds when barring disadvantage or vulnerable populations including women from advancing to the top of the hierarchy so that people, predominantly white males, would remain in power. One strategy to prevent women from advancing in their career is to receive minimum wage and less income than men which therefore makes them easily replaceable in the work force. This defines women as temporary workers (p. 41). This leaves women economically dependent on men and gives a reason
”No one is ever born into Life alone. Everyone has shared the bond of family, at least at birth, and for many people it is a bond that will follow them throughout life. For many people it is the most important bond of all.”