Essay One: Religious Transformations
During the past few weeks we have explored a wide variety of examples of religious transformations. The following paragraphs will briefly examine five different transformations that have occurred during the history of religion in the United States. Pluralism is by definition, the coexistence of multiple, groups, religions, cultures, etc. One example of Pluralism that sticks out is the history of colonial Protestantism. As discussed in class, Protestantism stemmed from desire to reform the Roman Catholic Church. The actions of three figures, Martin Luther, John Calvin, and King Henry VIII led to the pluralism of Protestantism in the US Colonies. As colonists arrived to North America in the 16th and 17th centuries, Protestantism was one of the main religious. Among the Protestants, Calvinists, Lutherans, and Anglicans, were all present. All three of these flavors of Protestantism shared the common elements of European religions: monotheism, dualisms, and chosen-ness. They also shared, similar roots from the Christian reformation movement. Their differences, mainly in structure of the authoritative process, of the Church, meant that it was necessary for them to co-exist.
Syncretism, is the blending of two or more cultural systems into one. A significant example of this in the history of religion in the United States deals with African Slaves. Between the 17th and 19th century, 17 million slaves arrived in the colonies. With them, the
A wide array of literature exists that examines the connection between religion and American politics. The majority of the literature shows that religious individuals tend to be more active in politics, but scholars have demonstrated many explanations as to why this occurs. It is more challenging to determine an individual’s participation in politics and religion than it is to define further demographic aspects, which have a consequential effect in influencing voting patterns because of lifetime religious and political participation variation. Smidt (1999) finds that socioeconomic demographics, such as education and age, significantly affect religious and political participation. Wolfinger (1980) contests Smidt’s (1999) conclusions with his
Adhering to your religious and personal beliefs in a society where there have been generational shifts in attitudes toward nonmarital sex is challenging. These changes in sexual attitudes and behaviors are connected to growing cultural individualism in the United States. When a culture places more importance on the desires of the self and less on social rules, more relaxed attitudes toward sexuality are the almost inevitable result. You are faced with the decision of conforming to a society where the acceptance of premarital sex is at an all time high. Yet, your religion and personal beliefs have shaped your moral compass, which makes it evident that you do not wish to stray away from your decision of abstaining from sex until marriage. In efforts to assist you in effectively communicating your desires to your girlfriend we will evaluate your relationship through key communication concepts such as: culture, Social Exchange Theory, Social Penetration Theory, listening, and Self-Discrepancy Theory. .
In his book, The Religious Beliefs of America’s Founders, Gregg Frazer attempts to break apart the debate going on today about whether or not the founding fathers were Christian. In the preface of the book, Frazer states, “I want to force extremists on the Left and Right to make a case for their vision… this book is an attempt to allow [the Founders] to defend themselves through the written record of their words.” In his book, Frazer makes arguments that eight of the most prominent Founders were not Christian or Deist, but rather they were “theistic rationalists,” a term that he uses countless times throughout the text. Frazer examines the eight key Founders as well as important theologians and ministers of the time. He defends theistic
An example would be the Puritan and Irish ideas of life in New England connected within a single civilization. Also, the Anglicans, Quakers and aristocrats of the Chesapeake merged their routines together. Evidently, both colonies depict similarities and differences which advise religion as the main reason behind the diversity. The main difference was the religion of both areas.
Today there are more than 1,500 religious bodies in the United States, ranging from the more than 66 million members of the Roman Catholic Church to sects with fewer than 1,000 adherents. In virtually every region of the country, religion is being expressed in greater variety, whether it be the Latinization of Catholicism and some Christian faiths or the de-Europeanizing of some established Protestant faiths as with Asian Americans or the de-Christianizing of the overall religious landscape with Muslims, Buddhists, Hindus, Sikhs, and others (Roof, 2007).
4. Analyze the changes in American religious life in the late nineteenth century, including the expansion of Catholicism, Orthodoxy, and Judaism, and the growing Protestant division between liberals and fundamentalists over Darwinism and biblical criticism
Hey Diana, I am writing this letter today with hopes to inform you about a religions course I am taking. I know you are a history guy so I thought it would be interesting to write about the religious history of America. The United States happens to be one of very few major nations in history to be founded and established on principles of separation of church and state. This book I am reading, “The Religious History of America”, by Edwin Gaustad and Leigh Schmidt, gives a great overview of the different strand of religious development in the United States. They are divided into four fundamental time periods: the Colonial times; the Revolutionary War to the Civil War; Post Civil War to
It is with his first few sentences that author, Nathan Hatch, lets the readers know about the scope and the reason for his book The Democratization of American Christianity. Nathan Hatch, who is currently the president of Wake Forest University in Wake Forest, NC and was previously the dean and provost at Notre Dame, states, “This book is about the cultural and religious history of the early American republic and the enduring structures of American Christianity. It argues both that the theme of democratization is central to understanding the development of American Christianity, and that the years of the early republic are the most crucial in revealing that process.” (3) The freedom and liberty that were experienced by people in America’s infancy bled into all aspects of life: government, family, and religion. It was this freedom that gave many in the church the boldness to either go and start churches, or serve as a leader in the church: things that were not an option during their time in England. A great deal of church growth in early America can be attributed to this freedom and the conversion of the masses to the various denominations that were available to the early Americans, choices that they did not have while in England. In telling the story of the growth of Protestantism in America, Hatch regales the readers with stories and information about a fascinating time in the history of the American Protestantism. It was a time filled with such varied and unique
The changes were African slaves would have to change to Christianity instead of spreading their religions, that were brought from north west Africa, and syncretic religions started by mixing with native and Christian beliefs. When Europeans settled in the Americas, they brought African slaves over from Africa, to mostly do agricultural labor. Most of the population of African slaves would be in the Caribbean and South America. Europeans would force Africans and natives to accept Christianity as their main religion. Disease caused many people to change their religion, since they had no hope of believing and had no choice, but to follow Christianity. Many of the native and African religions would disappear, but not all of them. Since natives were mixed with Christian beliefs, it created syncretic religions. Some of the beliefs that were mixed in were the Day of the Dead, which is when people remember the dead. These changes happened because of the arrival of the Europeans in the Americas and spreading Christianity throughout other
Religion’s influence in the South is appropriate, in multiple aspects. Religion is tied to politics in different levels of government and in everyday life. In the State of North Carolina, our state constitution directly mentions God/religion in the preamble, which is as follows, “We, the people of the State of North Carolina, grateful to Almighty God, the Sovereign Ruler of Nations, for the preservation of the American Union and the existence of our civil, political and religious liberties, and acknowledging our dependence upon Him for the continuance of those blessings to us and our posterity…” With this North Carolina is stating that the use of religion is appropriate for governmental attributes and therefore is appropriate therein.
The bond between the colonies and the nation had reformed from the productive trade to the armed battle. Religion help out to form the colonial society. Comparing the ways it did so in the following regions: Chesapeake, New England (Virginia and the South), and Middle Atlantic. Religion had played a large part in history, and in change of the colonization of America, the spiritual beliefs had been very important.
Bellah, as a result, believed that America’s key resources for finding a common identity and unifying people is enable by the national spokesperson for the civil religion, the President. This civil religion finds expression in the President’s various addresses to the nation. In essence, Bellah claims the legendary wall between church and state has not precluded the incorporation of religious imagery into the political address. In fact, the American populace as a whole wants and, in some cases rather, expects religious languages and discourses in Presidential rhetoric which are extremely important to
and fund a religion. The original settlers in America were looking for religious freedom, in particular they were trying to get away from the state sponsored religion being practiced in England at the time. The Anglican church was the “church of England” and bishops were appointed by the King of England (Heyrman 2017). If you didn’t belong to the official religion of the country, you were an outcast. A lot of these outcast were the people who originally settled the United States, they wanted to get away from state sponsored religion. However, once in America they started the same system of government supporting a favored religion. Instead of one national religion, individual states supported different churches. According to Shmoop (2017): “Congregationalism
The United States of America has the most diverse religious population in the world. In places like Iraq, Syria, Israel, Afghanistan, Yemen, and other countries too numerous to mention, countless lives are lost over religious differences. In America, a Protestant can live happily next door to a Jew, who might live across the street from a Muslim, or a Catholic, or a Sikh, or even a Humanist! This is in no small way attributed to the fact that the US Constitution’s First Amendment includes what is known as the establishment clause, which states that “Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof,” effectively separating affairs of religious institutions from secular,
“American Grace: How Religion Divides and Unites Us,” by Robert D. Putnam and David E. Campbell, and “America and the Challenges of Religious Diversity,” by Robert Wuthnow, give different thoughts to religion and politics in the United States. Putnam and Campbell utilize the concepts of shocks and aftershocks to highlight religious changes in the United States. On the other hand, Wuthnow uses observations to focus on the encounters of religious diversity in the United States. Wuthnow compares American Christianity with other popular religions in America and how Christianity has affected the perception of religion. Putnam and Campbell’s “American Grace: How Religion Divides and Unites Us” is a more persuasive assessment of American religion and politics.