Robes and Furred Gowns Hide All: A Study of Social Illusions in King Lear and Brave New World

In King Lear, Shakespeare portrays a society whose emphasis on social class results in a strict social hierarchy fueled by the unceasing desire to improve one’s social status. It is this desire for improved social status that led to the unintentional deterioration of the social hierarchy in King Lear. This desire becomes so great that Edmund, Goneril, Reagan and Cornwall were willing to act contrary to the authority of the social hierarchy for the betterment of their own position within it. As the plot unfolds, the actions of the aforementioned characters get progressively more desperate and destructive as they realize their lack of success in attaining their personal goals. The goals vary, however the selfish motivation does not. With

King Lear poses many questions to its audience. Shakespeare’s conventions throughout the story hold true to the plot until Albany’s speech is interrupted by Lear’s rambling words. Upon closer examination however, it is obvious that the play’s writer meant to violate some of the conventions which he set earlier in the story through the crazed king's words. The character’s verses can be interpreted several ways, showing a different side of the conventions which Shakespeare sets. Focusing on the particular scene shows an underlying theme concerning the human race. His writing leaves the audience with a question about the story’s true meaning.

Huxley reflects the consequences of totalitarian World State, upon the concern of oppressed citizens. Provoked by Freud and with Mendel’s work on genetic engineering and consumerism early 20th century, Huxley chose a science fiction medium to warn the audience as they venture into the political beliefs and attitudes of the World State and identify its dehumanising effects. The imperative verb, ‘unescapable’ as Huxley states “All conditioning aims at…making people like their unescapable social destiny” (Ch 1) illustrates the loss of freedom due to scientific means which have constrained them into accepting the ideology taught by the World State. Huxley provides ‘John the Savage’ a sense of freedom from the Mexican Reservation where he is given thought, emotions and choice. Although he exclaims “How beauteous mankind is!” in the metaphorical “O brave new world” (Ch8) compared to the Reservation’s society, after seeing the oppression and nothingness of the World State he feels the oppression. This is stressed by the asyndeton of his desires using the personal pronoun ‘I’ in “But I don’t want comfort. I want God, I want poetry, I want real danger, I want freedom, I want goodness. I want sin” (Ch 17) as John identifies the powerlessness and mindlessness of the citizens. Though Huxley through John’s anti-thesis “I’m claiming the right to be unhappy.”

Although the phrase of “every one belongs to every one else” (Huxley 43) is used by the society of the World State to show social conformity and unity, multiple cases of alienation and isolation are present among the main characters within the novel. In the World State, people live “where everyone is happy, but no one is free” (“Brave New World”). In the beginning of the novel, readers are introduced to Bernard Marx, who is conditioned to be an alpha, one of the highest rankings in the social ladder, but is alienated because of his size and anti-social approach to the civilized lifestyle lived out by the majority of his colleagues. Bernard’s characterization by Huxley sanctions the reader to enter into the controlling society of the World State. Bernard has “erratic attempts to conform to a society in which he feels essentially alienated” (Neilson). Correspondingly, John, the savage, believes in love and marriage, which are values instilled into him by the natives while he lived on the reservation.

John The Savage has also been raised differently compared to the people in the World State, so he does not understand how people in the World State do not feel the emotions he does. John The Savage gets very upset when his mom ended up passing away. He wanted time to grieve, but the World State has trained people to take soma and has also trained them to not care about death, since they can just produce a new person to take the dead person’s spot in the community. John gets very upset when the children in training act disrespectful and jump around her bed. John also does not share the same feelings when it comes to relationships. The people living in the World State are trained that sex is not a sacred event and it is just something everyone does. Lenina tries to have sex with John, but John does not feel the same way. John feels he has to show Lenina he is worthy of having sex with her before it just happens. John also wants a long-term relationship and in the World State, everyone is open to everyone and there is no such thing as a long-term relationship unless approved of a marriage: ‘”The Savage was reading Romeo and Juliet aloud—reading (for all the time he was seeing himself as Romeo and Lenina as Juliet) with an intense and quivering passion”’ (Huxley 184). This quote

Human nature is a concept that has interested scholars throughout history and brought debate over what human nature truly is. Shakespeare explores the issue of human nature in his tragedy King Lear by attempting to portray human nature as entirely good or evil. He seems to suggest, however, that it is not impossible for one to move from one end of the spectrum of human nature to the other, as multiple characters go through somewhat of a metamorphosis where their nature is changed. Shakespeare present an account of human nature in King Lear as the foundation of the tragedy King Lear.

King Lear, a tragedy by William Shakespeare, is about the delegation of power from the old generation to the young, new generation. Furthermore, the play demonstrates problems that can arise from a transfer made too early, from one generation to the next. A Thousand Acres is a modern retelling of King Lear, that is similar to King Lear, but it is not an exact word for word copy. The overall plot has been retained from King Lear, but some of the minor details have been changed to provide an intriguing new take on the same story. One such change is the fact the story goes from a third person view in King Lear, mostly following King Lear, to a first person narrative from the perspective of Ginny in A Thousand Acres. Ginny is the modern day version for Goneril’s character. King Lear and A Thousand Acres may take place in two different time periods; they both offer comments on the status of women, family relationships, and the natural order of things. The two time periods may be different, one modern day and the other set in the past, however the ideas presented are not that different on a whole. Both works presented share the same common thematic and universal elements throughout.

Using detailed supporting evidence, discuss the significance in the play of ONE of the following.

   "Only through the loss of our possessions and worldly connections can one truly realize one's inner being" (Confucius). The true nature of man is known but is not commonly seen until adversity strikes. Characters reveal their true nature when they are reduced to nothing. In the play, King Lear, by William Shakespeare, there are three main themes that characters can be reduced by; social status, love and power. Through these three mediums the true nature of the works characters are exposed, by stripping away the innuendo, deceit and superficiality that initially cloaks each character.

“King Lear” is known as one of Shakespeare’s greatest tragedies. “King Lear” is a play which tears off the outer coverings of human character. Two prominent themes that can be found in “King Lear” are disguise and deception. Disguise and deception are connected to each other because if you put on a disguise, you are masking yourself. If you are masking yourself, you are misrepresenting the truth, which is also known as deception. The characters constantly deceive each other throughout the play by either changing their physical appearance or changing their personality to mask their true identities and motives. Shakespeare’s exposure of the connection between disguise and deception reflects today’s culture and is still relevant today.

Edmund’s frustration at the treatment of illegitimate children was present from the start of the play, as he exclaimed: “Why ‘bastard’?/ [..] When my mind as generous and my shape as true / As honest madam’s issue?” (I ii 6-7). He considered himself an

The subplot in King Lear is of Gloucester and his sons Edmund and Edgar. Edmund, the illegitimate, bastard son, can be seen as somehow unnatural according to the laws of society at that time. Gloucester himself says to Kent, regarding Edgar, "But I have, sir, a son by order of law..." (I.i. 18). The subtext here is that Edmund's conception was outside the law and unnatural to the social structure.

     The play, “King Lear” by William Shakespeare, starts with noblemen Kent and Gloucester having a conversation and the audience finds out that Gloucester has two sons. Edgar who is his heir, and Edmund his unimportant son. This info. leads to the mini-plot. Then, Lear enters to say that he is going to end his life’s tasks and problems. He then points to the map, he tells the people there that he will split his land into three parts. They are going to be given to his three daughters. The two oldest, Goneril and Regan, tell their father that their love for him goes beyond expectations. The youngest one, Cordelia, tells him that she loves him, but only as she should love her father. He is then

The greatest narratives in human history don't just resurface in critical analysis but are also given new life when channeled through modern media. This is well-exemplified by legendary Japanese filmmaker Akira Kurosawa's 1985 epic, Ran. The highly regarded and high-budgeted film, based on William Shakespeare's 1606 play King Lear, demonstrates the power retained by the original play even when dramatically recontextualized. Indeed, in a comparative discussion of King Lear and Hidetora, his counterpart in the Kurosawa film, we are confronted with the universal themes of power, mortality, vanity and insanity. These are the themes that connect not just both pieces but the otherwise vastly historical periods and cultures represented within.

Both William Shakespeare and Tennessee Williams use the theme of deception in King Lear and The Glass Menagerie respectively to illustrate the difficulty of characters in accepting reality either by their own volition or due to the fault of another. Firstly, both plays use deception to show how parental figures like Gloucester and Amanda are unable to see certain truths about their children due to the unconditional love a parent has for their child. In the case of Gloucester, he is deceived by Edmund into believing that Edgar is plotting against him. Gloucester is unable to see through Edmund’s deceptions, he says Edmund is “no dearer in his account” (I.i.19) meaning Gloucester’s unconditional love and trust as a parent has blinded him from Edmund’s true ambition. Likewise, in The Glass Menagerie, Amanda deceives herself in believing there is nothing at fault with Laura. Tom points this out, saying “Laura seems all those things to you and me because she’s ours and we love her. We don’t even notice that she’s crippled anymore.” (Williams 47). Unlike Amanda, Tom is not under any illusions about his sister and acknowledges that it is love that allows Tom and Amanda to overlook Laura’s shortcomings. Amanda on the other hand has internalized her self-deception and from her fundamental misunderstanding about Laura arises her delusions about her future. Another similarity in the way these plays handle thematic deception is its use to escape a horrible reality. In King Lear Edgar