September 15 1963 Research Paper

August 28th, 2013 marked the 50th Anniversary of the March on Washington. During the “Let Freedom Ring” ceremony, President Barack Obama shared a speech, reflecting on the words of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. The President retells the history of life and segregation in 1963. He examines the past, explains the present, and sets goals for the future.

August 15, 2013, is the date that I will remember forever. Whenever I see that date, I always have flashbacks of my childhood memories, such as whining to the teachers about having too much homework, or have to take the classes that I did not get to pick during my middle school years. August 15,2013 made me realized that one day I will have to go through the the face of an adult sooner or later. I will have to face the hardships that my parents went through for our family. I have stepped into the world of the reality.

America has a long history of oppression, discrimination and injustices towards African Americans, however the 1960s has brought important political and social changes. People who have not lived through this decade of change can gather some information of this time through historical documents such as letters and films that portray true events. An example of a film that is based on a true story is “Mississipi Burning” and a powerful historical document is “A Letter from Burmingham Jail” by Dr. Martin Luther king. Each of these materials describes/portrays some of the issues African-American faced during the 1960s, specifically in the south. After analyzing these materials, we are able to understand some of what African-Americans endured during the 1960s.

Even as the inspiring words of Martin Luther King Jr.’s famous “I Have a Dream” speech rang out from the Lincoln Memorial during the historic march on Washington in August of 1963; racial relations in the segregated South were marked by continued acts of violence and inequality. On September 15th a bomb exploded before Sunday Morning services at the 16th street Baptist in Burmington, Alabama- a church with a predominantly black congregation that served as a meeting place for civil rights leaders. Four young girls, aged 11 to 14, Denise McNair, Cynthia Wesley, Carole Robertson, and Addie

"The Civil Rights Movement in Birmingham, Alabama." American Decades Primary Sources. Ed. Cynthia Rose. Vol. 7: 1960-1969. Detroit: Gale, 2004. 496-501. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 27 Nov.

The person who I going speak about did amazing things. The person lived during the 1920s-1960s. In this sets of arguments, I am going talk about the 1950s-1960s. In the 1950s, a civils rights movement happens. The civics’ right movement features African Americans that fight for equal civil rights. They were fighting this for centuries however; a major impact helps the African Americans during the 1950s. The congress ruled that segregated education facilities for black children is unequal for the Brown vs. Board of Education case ruling, South resisted this by putting their children in all-whites segregation camp. During 1956, many Southern congressmen sign a “Southern Manifesto” saying that defend segregation.

1963, many events took place in this year from blacks boycotting Boston buses to the assassination of JFK. However, that is not what is going to be elaborated on in this essay. It is going to be about the 16th Street Church bombing in Birmingham, Alabama (Simkin). There is a lot of things a reader may not know unless that reader is a historian or has looked up this topic before. Anyway, in 1963 a local black church was about to have their 11:00 service on Sunday September 15, 1963 (Trueman). In the women’s room of the church four African American girls, Denise McNair (11), Addie Mae Collins (14), Carole Robertson (14) and Cynthia Wesley (14), were getting ready for the service while also talking about their first day of school (Simkin).

Intro: February is arguably one of the most popular months of the year. It has the fourth most celebrated holiday, chocolates and candies are on sale, and it honors the central role of those of African descent in U.S. history. This month is referred to as Black History Month. One moth to celebrate ALL of black history. To celebrate our African ancestors who were chained and thrown on ships. To celebrate our people enslaved on the plantations of the south. Our mothers, fathers, and grandparents who march for us just so we could go to the same schools as white men. And our unarmed brothers and sisters who are being shot without a cause or a reason any more than because a white

Pomona College was fused on October 14, 1887, by a gathering of Congregationalists who needed to reproduce on the West Coast "a school of the New England sort," one that would speak to the absolute best of what they had encountered as understudies in the finest universities of the Eastern and Midwestern United States.

As we grow up we have come to realize that nostalgia is a dirty liar; it insists things were better than they seemed (Michelle K.). In our elementary days, our innocence was protected with the simple facts of life: you must always be nice, it is okay to be different, and always share. Now, as we have begun our adult journey we are faced with reality, that the world around us has never been that simple. When analyzing Carolyn Maull McKinstry’s memories of Dr. Martin Luther Kings Jr.’s youth march on May 2nd, 1963 (While the World Watched, 130), she unveils the heartbreaking truth that is an innocent child’s eyes living the civil rights movement.

4 Little Girls, a historical documentary produced by Spike Lee, discusses the deadly bombing of Addie Collins, Dennis McNair, Carole Robertson, and Cynthia Wesley in the 16th Street Baptist Church on September 15, 1963, in Birmingham, Alabama. In the documentary, the bombing of the four little girls was placed in the larger context of the Civil Rights Movement, where blacks were fighting to end the legalized racial segregation and discrimination laws. High levels of white violence, especially from the Ku Klux Klan, and a corrupted legal system in which whites controlled sought to dismantle black progression towards integration. Unfortunately, four little girls, who have not experienced much life were the victims of the deadly bombing at 16th

was told not to ever go because the white man would kill her. She was constantly reminded how of much the white man hate black people. Mrs. Johnson reported that she can remember hearing about black men being hung by white men. She can remember seeing images on television of black people being mistreated due to their fight for justice. Mrs. Johnson said she was 11 years old when the four black girls were bombed at 16th Street Baptist Church in Birmingham, Alabama. This was a societal event that affected her as a young girl. She told her mother she was afraid to go to church, because of that event. Her mother gave her the speech that would last her a life time. Mrs. Johnson said her mother told her to never live her life in fear. Her

In the poem Ballad of Birmingham, by Dudley Randall, the author gives a poetic account of a bombing that occurs in a church in 1963. The poem was written in the form of a ballad to convey the mood of the mother towards her daughter. The poet also gives a graphic account of what the 1960's were like. Mr. Randall uses tone, irony and metaphor to describe the events of the mother’s decisions, as well as her concern for her child’s well being.

Princeton University is a lively group of grant and discovering that stands in the country's administration and the administration of mankind. Sanctioned in 1746, Princeton is the fourth-most established school in the United States. Princeton is an autonomous, coeducational, nondenominational establishment that gives undergrad and graduate direction in the humanities, sociologies, common sciences and building.

It is 11 June, 1963, and the Alabama National Guardsmen are called to the University of Alabama to ensure the safe admission of two black students. That same afternoon, John F. Kennedy addresses the nation in an attempt to sooth flared tempers on both sides of the