Sexism and the star system in architecture In her article, Denise Scott Brown brings to light her personal experience as being a female architect and the sexism that she had come across. Brown describes how sexism is not outright, as she states that many young female architects do not understand the need for the feminist movement as they had never experienced such sexism in school. Rather, sexism appeared through the words of architecture critics, in meetings, and architectural magazines. Despite her impactful personal statement in the frustrations she felt in a gender discriminated occupation, the article lacked context. Denise Scott Brown described her struggles with her lack of acknowledgement and the internal struggles she felt: her waning sense of self-worth and displeasure from her growing hostile personality. Also, she was extremely thorough with her description of how architecture critics used the star system to attribute all collaborated ideas to a single entity. Yet, she does not really mention how sexism is a larger cultural issue, as she is too busy emphasizing the sexism she faced in the workforce. I believe that adding cultural context would broaden the article by revealing the motivation behind sexist attitudes. For example, with the critique by Hideki Shimizu …show more content…
The question of “What is History?” is answered through philosophical questions. This led to many tangents which could confuse readers and retract from the strength of the thesis. Furthermore, the concept of history being based on facts almost seems to be refuted as the author states that facts are not always concrete. An example of this is when the Carr mentions that articles are seen as a form of fact, however, that documents only tell what the author of the document believed had happened. Such a rebuttal causes confusion on whether to trust historic “facts,” as all as they seem to be all
While reading “Gender,” an essay by Jack Halberstam, the topic of sexism was brought to the forefront of my mind. It has been brought up more often in conversation in the modern era, issues such as how a few cruel insults pertain to female reproductive anatomy and, in a sense, degrade females and ultimately identify them, as well as femininity, as inherently “bad”. Such a thought stemmed from how Halberstam touches on the “problematic stabilization of the meaning of ‘women’ and ‘female’”: meaning there is no room for argument when it comes to your gender—you’re either a girl or not. You either fit into a strict mold, or you do not.
Is History True? Handlin argues yes, while McNeill argues no. I am not one to decide for someone else if they think it is or not. However, I do believe most history is. Although, a great deal of our history went unrecorded, the amount we have can suffice to show that what’s happened in the past can happen again in a contemporary situation.
1 . I believe Stearns thesis is the history should be studied because it is essential to individuals and to society (para. 4). Earlier in the article, Stearns tells that history is to be studied as a way to keep your head of others and as discipline (para. 4). He goes on to say how this kid wrong encourage mindless memorization (para. 4). Though it is one way to discipline oneself, it is in unappealing one. This would later become the reason to better justify why it is essential to study history.
She carries the audience through her argument in a logical sequence. First, she makes her claim that student do not know history and explains her reasons (250). She then elaborates on what history students are taught and what exactly is wrong with the methods by which they learn (251). After this, she explains the job of a historian to the reader – how historians confront primary sources to “make some sense of what once happened” (252). To end the article, Simon describes how students can better learn history through exploring primary sources (253). This structuring and organization helps the reader to understand and to believe Simon’s
In Telling the Truth About History, three historians discuss how the expanded skepticism and the position that relativism has reduced our capacity to really know and to expound on the past. The book talks about the written work of history and how individuals are battling with the issues of what is “truth.” It likewise examines the post-modernist development and how future historians
Not all is known and the facts passed down may not reveal the whole truth. History is biased and can easily be manipulated by those with more power, and it is a modern historian’s job to weed through the commonly accepted information, and try to find the truth. If the truth is not found, then they present alternative theories to broaden the world’s knowledge on the possible course of events in the
Writing this paper was quite the challenge but one that I have learned a lot from. I have always had a strong interest in history and how historians dig up and put together their information. From our class discussions and my experience piecing together Jaymi’s history, being a historian is not just about giving people information about the past. It is about reconstructing the past. Historians must look at all angles of their study—they are like the detectives of the past. With this project, that is exactly what I had to do.
Throughout American history, people have been categorized based on what gender they are, and what their race is. In order to explore these ideas and come to terms with their importances many musicians, film makers, and authors have described the inner-workings of this societal construct. Indeed, both racial and female identities have been at the epicenter of many works of art throughout American culture as can be seen in: Maggie: A Girl of the Streets by Stephen Crane, film “Modern Times,” Bessie Smith’s “T’ain’t Nobody’s Bizness If I Do,” and James Weldon Johnson’s Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man.
The woman that are effected by sexism in the work place are a part of a combination of interactional and symbolic communities. These woman are a symbolic community of people all across the nation who are treated unfairly in the work place due to their gender. These wean have been interacting with each other for generations forming commits and organizing protest to fight against sexism. It is this interaction with each other that has formed them into being a symbolic community, giving then an image for all woman to rally around.
Diversity in the workplace is forever growing: Yes, we have made significant progress hiring people of different races, orientations and religious believes, however gender inequality is still a major issue. Why is it that woman with the same experience doing the same work, the same hours, with the same qualifications are (in some professions) paid less than men? We all have the right to work and have the same employment opportunities as each other. How can we justify denying women of this right? This is blatant discrimination? Despite the equal pay act of 1963 saying that it is illegal for employers to pay men more than women, a study from 2016 by The Independent shows that on
The historiography falls within the realm of how Shaw, Morris and Marzials reviewed Villehardouin’s work. The historical evaluation would therefore be researching into the sources these authors used, the degree of knowledge they possess, et al. For historians and students alike, we must appreciate the necessity to evaluate every aspect independently in an aid to draw our own conclusions; whether they fall in line with the works reviewed, or follow a completely different pathway. History has always been exposed to bias at its core, depending upon the circumstances. I believe historiography unravels any degree of bias. In fact, the more I have read this past week, the more I can remember a former history professor advising me that when I conduct research, to always have three notebooks handy; one for the notes I was taking, one to annotate additional sources referenced throughout the work, and the third is for asking questions beyond the historical fact or event, it is how others have observed the
On a daily basis, sexism and gender roles constantly affect women. Sexism is a concept revolving around the prejudice and discrimination of women while gender roles are a social construct, often used to create a sense of order by linking certain roles to each gender. Gender roles often imply that women should participate in domestic roles while men should do labour work. In the 20th century, those roles were very apparent. Now, women and men are challenging these notions as well as the stereotypes that come along with them. Throughout the short story “Boys and Girls” by Alice Munro, the narrator defies against gender roles, as well as questions the constant sexism within her community and her identity as a whole.
Throughout many decades women have been struggling to be equal to men, both at home and in the work place. Women have come a long way and are certainly fighting to gain that equality, but gender roles are very important in our society. They have become important in life from birth, and society continues to push these gender roles. The treatment of the male gender is very different from that of the female, and this issue has become very important to me, as a woman. As children we learn and adapt to specific gender roles, and as we grow they become more evident and more important to our role in a society. There is a lot of discrimination against the female gender. Carol Gilligan argued that
The definition of history, is a question which has sparked international debate for centuries between the writers, readers, and the makers of history. It is a vital topic which should be relevant in our lives because it?s important to acknowledge past events that have occurred in our world that deeply influences the present. This essay will discuss what history is, and why we study it.
What is History? This is the question posed by historian E.H. Carr in his study of historiography. Carr debates the ongoing argument which historians have challenged for years, on the possibility that history could be neutral. In his book he discusses the link between historical facts and the historians themselves. Carr argues that history cannot be objective or unbiased, as for it to become history, knowledge of the past has been processed by the historian through interpretation and evaluation. He argues that it is the necessary interpretations which mean personal biases whether intentional or not, define what we see as history. A main point of the chapter is that historians select the facts they think are significant which ultimately