Essay on Sigmund Freud

“Man is a wolf to man.” These are the words that surprised millions when Freud first opened the discussion of human nature (Freud). Sigmund Freud, born in 1856 and died in 1939, was known to be the father of psychoanalysis (Jones). He lived his whole life trying to reach into the human unconsciousness and unravel the puzzle of life, human personality, and human nature (Chiriac). Sigmund Freud was influenced by the environment post World War I, and influenced the world through his theories and his publications produced in this era, and a way of thinking beyond reality to interpret mental illnesses and the miracle of the human brain (Sands).

Sigmund Freud is known as the founder of psychotherapy. Freud was interested in the emotional relationship between the past and the present, and the feelings it generated. Subsequently Abraham (1924), Klein (1928), Fairbairn (1952) among others, further developed Freud 's work of the emotional life. They examined the earliest relationships of infancy and the processes these set up within the developing mind. Winnicott (1949), Bick (1968) Bion (1962) and Bowlby (1969) took this work further by

to Paris, where Charcot encouraged him to study hysteria from a pschological point of view. Then

For many centuries, students of human nature considered the idea of an unconscious mind as self contradictory. However, it was noticed by philosophers such as St. Augustine, and others, as well as early experimental psychologists, including Gustav Sechner, and Hermann Von Helmholtz, that certain psychological operations could take place without the knowledge of the subject. Jean Sharcot demonstrated that the symptoms of post-traumatic neuroses did not result from lesions of the nervous tissue but from unconscious representations of the trauma. Pierre Janet extended this concept of “unconscious fixed ideas” to hysteria, wherein traumatic representations, though split off from the conscious mind, exert an action upon the conscious mind in the form of hysterical symptoms. Janet was an important influence on Carl Jung, and he reported that the cure of several hysterical patients, using hypnosis to discover the initial trauma and then having it reenacted by the patient, was successful. Josef Breuer also treated a hysterical patient by inducing the hypnotic state and then elucidating for her the circumstances which had accompanied the origin of her troubles. As the traumatic experiences were revealed, the symptoms disappeared.

One of the studies that Freud did was based on Anna O (real name Bertha Pappenheim), she suffered from a condition known as hysteria, which is when someone experiences physical symptoms

Sigmund Freud created strong theories in science and medicine that are still studied today. Freud was a neurologist who proposed many distinctive theories in psychiatry, all based upon the method of psychoanalysis. Some of his key concepts include the ego/superego/id, free association, trauma/fantasy, dream interpretation, and jokes and the unconscious. “Freud remained a determinist throughout his life, believing that all vital phenomena, including psychological phenomena like thoughts, feelings and phantasies, are rigidly determined by the principle of cause and effect” (Storr, 1989, p. 2). Through the discussion of those central concepts, Freud’s theory of psychoanalysis becomes clear as to how he construed human character.

Sigmund Freud was born in 1856 in Friedberg, Moravia. Freud considered himself a scientist above all other titles. He studied biology and eventually specialized in neurology. He was impressed by hypnosis and the effects on hysteria. He and Josef Breuer studied hypnosis and determined that it was a temporary treatment for long term problem. They realized that the hysteria was brought on by traumatic experiences in the subjects past and hidden in consciousness. Freud and Breuer differed in the opinion that sexuality is the main basis for hysteria, as well as other diseases. As a result Breuer decided to no longer work with Freud. Freud continued his research on psychoanalysis without his associate. He wrote over twenty volumes of theoretical work and revisions.

He and his family lived in Freiberg until he was four years old. At the age of four he moved to Vienna. Freud would call Vienna home for most of his life. Freud attended university initially wanting to study law. He switched his studies from law to medicine and received his medical degree in 1881 (Therapy, H., 2014). Shortly after graduating he became engaged to be married the very next year. He and his wife would have six children. Freud started his career as a medical doctor working in a psychiatry clinic in the Vienna General Hospital where he became interested in “hysteria” and the practice of hypnosis under the direction of a fellow physician Jean Martin Charcot. Freud eventually left the hospital to start his own private practice which lead to developing his theory on psychoanalysis. In 1938 Freud, would leave Austria with his wife and children to escape the Nazis. In England, on September 23, 1939 at the age of 83, Freud dies after a painful battle with oral cancer (Bio,

Sigmund Freud is one of the most influential people in the world of psychology. Even though Freud, himself, was not a psychologist, he is the founder of psychoanalysis. Freud is most known for his claims that all psychological issues can be linked to sexual issues. Even though Freud’s theories are some of the most controversial, some parts of his theory of psychosexual development are still generally accepted by the psychologists today.

Sándor Ferenczi refuses the office of President of the International Psycho-Analytical Association in 1932 due to conflicting ideas with Freud on aspects of psychoanalysis. Sigmund Freud exchanges letters with Albert Einstein on the question "Why War?".

Sigmund Freud really gained substantial recognition with his first book, co-authored with Josef Breuer, “Studies in Hysteria.” The book based on a new theory that physical symptoms often surface as the result of

Psychologist, psychoanalyst, doctor of medicine, and author, Sigmund Freud’s contributions to the world of science and psychology were far from limited. The self and widely regarded scientist was born in Friedberg in 1856 where he lived before moving to Vienna, Germany, where he would later produce founding revelations at the birth of psychology as a science. From his beginnings, Freud focused on psychopathology and the conscious mind (Jones, 1949). The renowned “Father of Psychoanalysis” created a pathway and a foundation for psychology, influencing the world of psychology from its birth to modern day practice. Freud’s delve into the unconscious, dreams, psychosexual development, and the id, ego, and super-ego, are just a limited number of his studies that greatly influenced numerous psychologists and theories of modern psychology. One of his earliest practices and most accredited work dealt with psychoanalysis specifically. Though this practice is seldom used in modern psychology in the treatment of psychological disorders, it assuredly carried great influence in the development of modern practices of psychological theories. Freud’s creation of psychoanalysis exceeded his professional career, influencing modern psychologists and theories, one specifically being ego psychology, that was founded in the mid 20th century of modern

Instead of research, Freud studied private practice medicine at the University of Vienna in 1873. After graduation, Freud worked at the Vienna General Hospital where he worked with Josef Breuer in creating a treatment for hysteria by hypnosis and served as a research assistant at the Institute of Physiology. In 1881, Freud obtained his doctorate’s degree in medicine. Then in 1885, Freud traveled to Paris on a one year scholarship to be a student of Jean Charcot, a neurologist. Upon returning to Vienna in 1886, Freud created his own private practice that specialized in brain and nervous disorders. Later that same year, Freud married Martha

In 1909, Jung started a private practice of psychoanalysis in Kuessnacht, this practice was kept up and ran until Jung died. Carl Jung had his third daughter, Marianne, on September 20, 1910. In 1911, Jung obtained the first president of the International Psychoanalytic association. He started to Lecture at Fordham University in 1912. A year later, Carl Jung resigned from being the president of the

One of Freud’s first cases was about Dora, and eighteen year old girl, who went to see Freud due to her father urging her to. However, the case of Anna O marked a turning point for Freud, and it even went on to influence psychology as a whole. Both Dora and Anna O. suffered from hysteria, a condition in which the patient shows physical symptoms without an apparent physical cause. For example, paralysis, loss of speech, and convulsions. Her doctor Josef Breuer went on in treating Anna by helping her recall forgotten memories of traumatic events. During discussions with her, it became apparent that she had developed a fear of drinking when a dog she hated drank from her glass. As soon as she had the chance to make these unconscious thoughts conscious her paralysis