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Sign Language Analysis

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1. Introduction
Language is more than the knowledge and use of words, both in speech and in text; it is a cultural identity, a signifier of status, a means of personal expression. Language enables people to share their thoughts and needs, establish a dialogue with each other and work together. Language is not just confined to the worlds of speech and printed text, there are many ways in which people are able to communicate such as Australian Sign Language, Braille, cultural skills, customs and art (Emmitt, Pollock & Komesaroff, 2010, p. 52). Aboriginal dreamtime paintings are an example of language as art, a skill passed down through thousands of generations, with different symbols that have ascribed meanings and are used in an artwork to tell …show more content…

Even as newborns, babies have the beginnings of expressive and responsive language; they have the ability to hear and respond to sounds, including language, and they cry to express discomfort (Fellowes et al., 2010, p. 54). As they grow, children need to not just see, hear or read language, but make meaning of it and be able to analyse it (Green, p. 7). Michael Halliday (as cited in Fellowes et al., 2014, p. 29) identifies seven functions of language in these early years: instrumental, to satisfy wants or needs; regulatory, to control the behaviour of others; interactional, to collaborate; personal, to express oneself; heuristic, to discover and learn; imaginative, to pretend and create; informative, to share information. Children use these language functions within their family, in child care and school settings and in the community in ways that are relevant to their lives (Fellowes et al., 2014, p. 29). In order to develop their individual language capacities successfully children must have expressive and receptive language modelled for them as well be given the opportunities to participate in language experiences, (Fellowes et al., 2014, p. 17). Children who frequently see expressive language modelled competently are able to communicate their needs in a socially acceptable way, as well as regulate their needs effectively (Cole et al., as cited in …show more content…

This juxtaposition of cultural identities is especially apparent in schools where children arrive with their already learned cultural language and are often expected by their educators and peers to learn and use standard Australian English. In early childhood, language is the primary tool with which children learn cultural knowledge, norms and skills (Gee, 2011, p. 16), strongly informing their cultural identity. Children who are bilingual, or multilingual, often demonstrate enhanced language skills gained from their ability to switch between languages (Adoniou, 2014; Fellowes et al., 2014, p. 39), but these children are not always understood and supported. When educators dismiss the languages of students who speak English variants or languages other than English at home, they risk underestimating and disempowering those students (Adoniou, 2014; Caruso, 1997, p. 93). It is vital that instead of requiring students to assimilate, to learn and to use the language register of the school or classroom, educators should be supporting students for whom English is not a first language, or who speak an English variant (Pandey, 2012, p. 388). Educators should be valuing the qualities, abilities and strengths these students bring to the classroom (Emmitt et al., 2010, p. 53), as well as educating their monolingual students about

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