Social Disorganization

This week reading discuss social disorganization and collective efficacy. Higgins (2010) stated that the social disorganization theory where a person live is important in deciding if their is weakness to commit crime. In both text, it stated that social disorganization theory came from the Chicago School's social ecology movement. The theory stated that many factors such as "geography, population movement, and physical environment" and the combination of these factors can cause criminal behavior (Higgins, 2010, p. 30). In explain social disorganization theory, it is broken into zones. The concentric zones explain crime because these are the zones where individuals worked and lived. By having this view it can tell that crime is probably

Frank Schmalleger explains the theory of social disorganization as one that depicts both social change as well as conflict, and lack of any agreement as the origin of its cause for both criminal behavior as well as nonconformity to society and closed associated with the ecological school of criminology (Schmalleger, 2012, p. 152). The philosophy behind the organization and structure of a society and how that contributes to criminal behavior within society is by stressing poverty, economic conditions, lack of education, lack of skills, are not sought-after in the work place, and divergent cultural values. Criminal behavior is the result of the person’s assignment of location within the structure of society.

The rational choice theory and social disorganization theory contrast in so many ways. The rational choice theory is when wrongdoers choose to commit crimes and is punished severely. On the other hand, the social disorganization theory is differences in crime levels based on structure and culture factors that shape the nature of social order across communities. Furthermore, the difference between the two is that one of the is about a decision making process choice and the other is about how socialization controls criminal behavior.

Seeking the answers for juvenile delinquency using the Social Disorganization Theory, "Testing Social Disorganization Theory For

Furthermore it states that humans, being conformists readily buy into these notions. However, access to the means for achieving these goals is not equally available to everyone. Some have the education, social network and family influence to attain these goals. The socially and economically disadvantaged do not have the opportunity, education or necessary social network for attaining material wealth and economic or political power. Thus the strain theory predicts that crime occurs when there is a perceived discrepancy between these goals and the legitimate means for reaching them. Individuals who experience a high level of this strain are forced to decide whether to violate laws to achieve these goals, to give up on the goals pushed upon them by society, or to withdraw or rebel.

Following Osgood and Chambers, In 2006 Joanne C. Jacob did an article named, Male and Female Youth Crime in Canadian Communities: Assessing the Applicability of Social Disorganization Theory which focuses on the relationships between community characteristics and the delinquent activities of both male and female youth. In this study, there was no research questions or hypotheses being posed. Jacob considered factors such as residential instability, ethnic heterogeneity, urbanization, socioeconomic status, and supervision as independent variables (2006). Jacob considered arrest rates as the dependent variable. This cross-sectional study examined written records of 417 municipalities of no more than 25,000 residents (Joanne Jacob,2006). Joanne Jacob found that family attachment, family control, school commitment, strain, differential association, and social disorganization are significantly

The social disorganization theory is directed towards social conditions. This theory argues that crime is due to social conflicts, change, and lack of consensus in the group.

Therefore, according to disorganization theory, the social structures within transitional neighborhoods allows deviance to

American people live in societies usually fitting to their social class, that is usually considered by the dissemination of success, supremacy, and status. These individuals share similar thoughts in relations to the desire for things, feelings, beliefs, norms, and a required lifestyle. The Chicago School Theory, better known as Social Disorganization Theory, and Strain Theory are both branches of the social structure theory that focus on crime by analyzing the unfairness distribution of wealth, desperateness, and hopelessness. Based off two Chicago sociologists, Clifford R. Shaw and Henry McKay, social disorganization theory, crime stem from a disorganized area in which society of social control, such as schools, have failed to perform their anticipated purposes (Siegel, L.J. 164). With the numerous school within the inner city has broken down the

Ethnographic researchers has long studied the motivations and similarities between offenders and career criminals. There is a parallel relationship within persistent offenders escpically the factors that influences them to commit or recommit certain crime, it is important to understand that there are many factors that influences persistent offenders  such as financial motivation, social factors, emotional state.

Within the social science field, strain theory has been expanded and advanced by many theorists over the last century. Created by Emile Durkheim in a study surrounding suicide, it quickly adapted to other areas of criminology and sociology. Strain theory can explain many forms of crimes, it cannot account for all forms of crime and deviant behaviour within society. Strain is prevalent throughout many forms of societal life, but not all can be linked to the crimes of which are committed by those within society, it tends to turn a blind eye to some forms of crime of which have not been acknowledged by the theorists. Though explicitly arguing the idea that strain theory does not account for all types of deviance, this will also include the arguments which have been put forward to say that strain theory does account for all kinds of crime.

Social disorganization, according to dictionary.reference.com, is a disruption or breakdown of the structure of social relations. Social disorganization also refers to the failure of social institutions or the social organizations in certain communities. Back in the late 1950s, around WW1 and the Great Depression, there were times of growth and change. A trend in that time period was that many cities were experiencing huge growth population, especially in Chicago.

The fact that the social disorganization theory is pretty much you will that one one individual is influence of the people around him if he is in a neighbor hood known of robberies then the individual is more than likely going to be doing robberies. that is one example

In the past forty years, social scientists have traced social disorganization

Borski, J., and Harold. (1995). Social disorganization theory: influence of society and environment to crime: New York: Lexington.