Sofourth In The Late 1800s

In 1703, Massachusetts had made the law that gave people the right to shoot any Native that they come across. This pattern of cruelty was repeated over and over again through New England. By the 1800s, 95 percent of the Native Americans have been killed and this genocide had taken the length of 100 years. In 1830, a year after Andrew Jackson was elected president in 1829 the United States Congress had passed the Indian Removal Act. The act had ordered the Native Americans to be relocated in the west. Thousands of Natives from the Southeast and Southwest were rounded up and moved to the west. The government had taken the land and had forced them to march into Kansas, Nebraska, and

On May 28, 1830, the Indian Removal Act was passed. It stated that the Native American were to be removed from the Southern states (Indian Removal Act). The act ended the Native American’s right to live in the states under their own traditional laws (Indian Removal Act). They were given the options to assimilate and acknowledge the United States’ laws or leave (Indian Removal Act). They were forced to leave their land, their homes, everything they ever knew or face the consequences. They were forced to go to a land that they knew nothing about, and hope that they would be able to survive where ever they ended up. When the Cherokee were forced to leave, out of the 18,000 that left 4,000 died on the way (Primary Documents) As a result of all of the death on the trail, it was named the Trail of Tears (Primary Documents).

The Market Revolution adversely affected the liberty of Native Americans residing within the United States because they were seen as an obstacle to the country’s economic progress. As the Market Revolution ideas of commerce and expansion took hold in the minds of the people, these white citizens shared the view that Native Americans were hindering the goal of expansion. It was the United State’s God-ordained right to occupy and settle the land westward (Manifest Destiny), and the Native Americans were in the way. The conflicts with Native Americans has existed in America since the first settlers, but with the increased emphasis on commerce and development brought by the Market Revolution, the relations worsened. In 1823, during the case of Johnson v M’Intosh, the Supreme Court claimed that Native Americans only had the “right of occupancy” on their land, and that they did not own it. In 1830, under Jackson’s administration, the Indian Removal Act was created which tried to move the 5 Civilized Tribes out of their lands. Finally, in the Trail of Tears during 1838-1839, 18,000 Cherokee men, women, and children were forcibly removed from their lands and relocated to Oklahoma by federal soldiers. Soon

The Act focused on “civilizing power.” At this time, settlers argued that Indians had more land and that reservations were too big and being used “inefficiently.” The Act allotted Indian lands to individual Native Americans, splitting up tribes. According to the notes, “The new policy focused specifically on breaking up reservations by granting land allotment to Individual Native Americans.” Those who accepted allotments could become United States citizens.

The Indian Removal Act was a law passed by Congress on May 28, 1830, while Andrew Jackson was the president. The law approved the president to ask the Indians to move to land west of the Mississippi River in exchange for their homelands. There were many arguments president Andrew Jackson and the other members of the United States government used to convince society that the Indian Removal was best for everyone. For example, the members of the US government tried to persuade the Indians that their removal was a good idea by saying it would save them from extinction, free them from the power of the states, help them pursue happiness their own way and stop them form separating amongst themselves. The US government also told them that they would

In 1830, under President Andrew Jackson, Congress passed the Indian Removal Act. The purpose of this act was to relocate the Indian inhabitants of the southeastern states to a designated Indian Territory west of the Mississippi and eventually eliminate the Indian population from their homeland. Although the act did not provide authority to remove the tribes by force, military action was utilized to carry out the removal. The consequences for the Native American tribes were devastating as well as long lasting.

The states had run out of room for available farmland. They could not move west because the Indian’s were occupying that land. Jackson signed the law in 1829. He negotiated with the Indians to exchange their land in the east for land in the west that was outside the borders of the United States. Jackson set aside all the land west of the Mississippi River for the Indians. In theory, the Removal Act was a peaceful and reasonable way for the Indians and the Americans to come to an agreement without fighting. It was until Jackson’s successor that things began to get violent with the trail of tears and the forceful removing of the Indians. Jackson just set in motion the

“…I saw the helpless Cherokees arrested and dragged from their homes, and driven at the bayonet point into the stockades. And in the chill of a drizzling rain on an October morning I saw them loaded like cattle or sheep into six hundred and forty-five wagons and started toward the west…” Private John G. Burnett remembered on December 11, 1890, his eightieth birthday. Private Burnett recalled the cold fall morning in 1938 when he accompanied his new Cherokee family on their forced relocation from different parts of Tennessee, Alabama, North Carolina, and Georgia to west of the Mississippi river, land set aside by the United States government for the relocation of Native Americans during the 19th century. The forced relocation of five major Native American tribes to Indian Territory was the result of former President Andrew Jackson’s approval of the Indian Removal Act signed into law by congress on May 28, 1930. The Indian Removal Act gave Jackson the funds and authority to forcibly remove the Native Americans from their land in order to give their valuable property to white settlers who had begun to inhabit the surrounding areas.

The law required the government to negotiate the removal treaties voluntarily, Peacefully, and fairly. It did not allow the president or anyone else to force the Native nations into giving up their land. However, President Jackson generally ignored the law and forced Native Americans to abandon lands. In the winter of 1831, under threat of raid by the U.S. Army, the Choctaw became the first nation to be dislodged from their land altogether. They made the long and treacherous journey to Indian territory on foot (some “marched in a consecutive line while being bound in chains,” one historian writes) and the native would go without any food, supplies or help from the government. Thousands of people died on the journey. It was, one Choctaw leader that told an Alabama newspaper, it was a “trail of tears and death.”

Fewer acres were given to single people or minors. The allotted lands then had to be held in a trust for 25 years in order for the occupant to get the title to the land. If an Indian were to be alloted land or leave their way of life in a tribe, they could get Citizenship. The goal was to get the Indians to adopt a ‘civilized life’ and quicken the civilizing process & assimilation. This caused a change in the

The American people called for military and political action against the Indian tribes east of the Mississippi. President Andrew Jackson answered the call and on May 28, 1830 signed the Indian Removal Act (“Trail of Tears Timeline”). Although this act was only supposed to allow the negotiation of voluntary removal with the tribes, it made it inevitable for the Indian removal. After Jackson’s victory in 1832 all tribe leaders agreed to the act. The Indian Removal Act was a catalyst for the abolishment of the traditional rights for the Indians. The Indians had only two options: assimilate and concede to United States law or leave their homeland. The five tribes most affected

This century told Native Americans that they could no longer escape colonization and that the government of the United States was not willing to obey their commitments and treaties (Pauls, 2016). Perhaps one of the most notable tragedies during this time was the Trail of Tears. According to the Cherokee Nation Cultural Resource Center (2017), President Jackson ordered the removal of Native Americans from their land to an area west of the Mississippi, largely due to the discovery of gold in Native American territory. The Indian Removal Act of 1830 is what made Native American removal legal, and in many ways is one of the worst form of oppression that Native Americans faced. In a series of forced removals, over 100,000 Native American people were expelled from their lands, sometimes with the use of military, and forced to march over 1,000 miles to their new designated land (Pauls, 2016).

Indian removal act – Passed in 1830, this act forced Native Americans to leave their tribal lands and settle on federal lands to the west of the Mississippi River.

The Indian Removal Act of 1830 is considered a 'black mark' upon American history. Whenever America attempts to take a moral high road and criticize another nation's human rights record, the Trail of Tears is invoked, as well as the removal of the Creeks and the Lower Creeks from their indigenous lands. What is so extraordinary about the event in retrospect is the degree to which President Andrew Jackson's actions were considered abhorrent at the time, even to other American politicians. The U.S. Supreme Court in Cherokee v. Georgia declared the tribe a separate nation, over which the federal government had no authority to remove (195-196). But while Jackson had happily invoked the sanctity of American law during the Nullification Crisis, in this instance he simply ignored the Supreme Court decision. Jackson had a vested political interest in allowing the West to be settled. As the candidate of the so-called 'common man,' he wished to be responsive to the demands of the land-poor for settlement areas.

After the southern state stated that they wanted both political and military action on removing Native American Indians off the southern states, President Andrew Jackson signed the Indian removal act of 1830. They were forced to move and concede to U.S. law or leave their homelands, which led to the Trail of Tears. When the Indians left their homeland, they suffered a long and painful journey that they had to endure in order to be able to reach their new home in the west which is now known as, Oklahoma. This was caused by Land-hungry americans in the 19th century that poured into the coastal south and began moving towards the Mississippi river and Alabama. The Indian Removal act of 1830 authorized President Jackson to carry out the policy in his first message to congress. He would be able to trade unorganized public land in the trans-Mississippi west for indian land in the east. The law required the government to negotiate removal treaties fairly and peacefully: It did not allow the president or anyone else to coerce Native nations into giving up their land. However, President Jackson and his government most commonly ignored the letter of the law and forced Native Americans to vacate lands they had lived on for generations. As white settlers continued to settle North America and push west there were numerous conflicts with native american tribes. Andrew Jackson’s policy, the indian removal act, intensified this conflict. When jackson ignored the compromise established in