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Statistics: How Statistics Determined Airbags Reduced Accident Fatalities

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The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), USA estimates more than 28,000 people survived vehicle crashes and are still alive due to the presence of frontal airbags in their vehicles as of 1 January 2009. This data has been accrued over time from crashes and fatalities on America’s highways and side streets. This paper will examine these statistics and compare information with this data.
Air bags for drivers made first appearances in certain 1985 models. From 1987-1990, automatic protection for occupants was gradually phased in by the NHTSA . However, air bags were not mandatory during this period. Any automatic occupant protection system was allowed that satisfied the requirements set by the NHTSA. Automatic …show more content…

“Fatality reduction” is the main interest among various sub groups of the population who were occupants of vehicles that were involved in collisions. Fatality reduction is computed as the average effect of airbags on the entire population of occupants including those using and not using seat-belts. The risk of a fatal injury is computed for occupants of vehicles fitted with airbags with and without seat-belts as well as occupants of vehicles without airbags but with statistical equivalence in the presence of belts as well as statistically equivalent vehicle usage rates. The fatality reduction due to airbag effectiveness is estimated to be the difference between these two fatality risks. All results presented in the NHTSA studies are statistically significant at the 1% level ( value of 18.31 or higher).
The main finding is that installation of air-bags significantly reduces fatalities. The reduced percentage of driver fatalities is estimated to be 29 percent in frontal crashes and this number increases to 32 percent for front seat passengers at least 13 years of age, for this age group, the fatality reduction is 13.5 percent. For drivers not using seat-belts, the airbag fatality reduction is 21% while it was estimated to be 34% in case of drivers using seat-belts as well. Of the previously mentioned 28,000 people whose lives were saved due to airbags, 82% were drivers and the residual were

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