Stephen Krashen's Theory Of Second Language Acquisition

Many second language acquisition theories have been developed over the years. These theories examine the avenues in which second language is acquired and the avenues in which they are learned. The avenue of socialization is crucial in learning a second language. When natural conversations occur with native and non-native speakers, a natural

Judie Haynes’ article, “Stages of Second Language Acquisition”, clearly states five stages that a new learner of English may go through. In Haynes’ theory, there are five stages in total, and they are pre-production, early production, speech emergence, intermediate fluency, and advanced fluency. According to Haynes, new learners of English acquire language by going through the same stages. However, how much time each student spends at a particular stage may be different. Despite the different time length, the stages of people acquiring new language are worth discussing.

It is important for a teacher to challenge disruptive behaviour immediately and consistently. I feel by trying to make lessons enjoyable and providing work that helps students to achieve minimizes disruptive behaviour. The use of good communication by the teacher can also be a useful tool. This includes the use of the voice, phrasing, eye contact and body language. For example, using an assertive tone when making a request or physically positioning yourself near disruptive students.

First, children¡¯s acquisition of language is an innate mechanism that enables a child to analyze language and extract the basic rules of grammar, granted by Chomsky. It basically states that humans are born with a language acquisition device that, the ability to learn a language rapidly as children. However, there is one important controversy in language acquisition concerns how we acquire language; since Chomsky fails to adequately explain individual differences. From the behaviorists¡¯ perspectives, the language is learned like other learned behaviors. It is learned through operant

When a student would be disruptive or too loud, it made other students lose focus and want to be disruptive too. There was one student who was constantly disruptive and would not listen or follow along with the lesson. He was isolated from the round table, but continued to cause problems. He got his name wrote on the board, but he continued to misbehave. The

Another important point is the collaboration from parents if they want to their child to be success in school and in their future they are supposed to correct their child. Sometimes parents think that their children are angels and it is impossible for them to misbehave, but unfortunately when they misbehave and the teacher tells the parent, some of them don’t believe the teacher and this creates more work for the teacher because she is the one who is dealing with the kid. In the other hand the collaboration of the children it is important too, because it helps to the teacher to have a calm classroom. For example: if Jonnie started to jump up and down from the chair and the teacher said if you sit for ten minutes I will give you a surprise. The child will do it because of his curiosity, and that positive reinforcement, encouragement, offering choices, redirection, limiting setting, and joint problem solving are the most effective tools of

Therefore, from the behaviourist approach, language acquisition can be seen as a stimulus-response process. Children learn language by immitation and analogy. The roles of imitation, repetition, reinforcement, and motivation are essential in learning the language. The First Language Acquisition is thus the result of nature which based on practicing.

Teachers are not only expected to teach their students, but also provide an environment where everyone feels safe and can learn. Classroom management is a very important part of teaching. Students cannot learn in an unsafe, disruptive environment. This paper will discuss the strategy of SHAPING, how it is used to modify a student’s behavior, and give an example of how to modify a student’s behavior. This paper will also discuss my personal beliefs about classroom management, share rules and expectations for the classroom, rewards for individuals and the class, designing the classroom where the teacher is visible and there are no distractions, and discuss some classroom procedures and how they contribute to classroom management

First thing’s first. What is language acquisition? Well the term refers to the process humans take to develop and attain a form of communication.

ii. The Monitor Hypothesis refers to the relationship between acquisition and learning. The role of the acquisition system is to initiate utterance and the role of the learning system is to serve as the monitor or editor. The idea behind the monitor hypothesis is that as individuals begin to produce language, an internal monitor watches over or edits information to ensure correct grammatical usage (Peregoy et al., 2008). It is said that the internal monitor is developed during the formal study of language. But, in order for the monitor to function properly, individuals must have sufficient time to think about utterances before producing them; focus on grammatical form; and have knowledge of the second language rules.

Many second language acquisition theories have been developed over the years. These theories examine the avenues in which second language is acquired and the avenues in which they are

The first dialoge was about a student named brand and his teacher. The teacher asked brad to talk to him after class about his problem. His problem was that he talks out without raising his hands. He disrupts the class and does not give anyone a chance to talk. The first step the teacher took was to make sure that the student knows theres a problem. The teacher asks the students how does this problem affect the classroom, to make sure that he is aware of the problem and how others can be effected by it. He replied with “suppose that doesn’t give others a chance. The teacher was very calm and was not rude. She had constructed assertivness skills. The teacher explains to Brad that some students need more time. .

Numerous theories try to explain the process of language acquisition. These theories fall into one of two camps. The environmentalist (or connectionist) theory of language acquisition asserts that language is acquired through environmental factors (Halvaei et al. 811). Theorists in this camp believe that a child learns language by gaining information from the outside world and then forming associations between words and objects. The nativist (or rationalist) approach, on the other hand, asserts that it is innate factors that determine language acquisition. Noam Chomsky, often described as “the father of modern linguistics”, falls into this camp as he believes that speech is the result of hidden rules of language that are hidden somewhere in the brain (Rahmani and Abdolmanafi 2111). Steven Pinker, a colleague of Chomsky, is a renowned psychologist, cognitive scientist and linguist who discusses his own theories on language acquisition in his book Words and Rules.

Children acquire language since they were born. They communicate with their parents. Furthermore, children and parents interact with each other using a language that we often call the first language or mother tongue. At an early age, children are only learning one language that is the mother tongue. By age and speech development, children improve to acquire a second language from the school or the environment around them. In terms of speed of langgauge acquisition, children are factorized by both the child and the child’s learning environment. Therefore, it is important to understand how children acquire second language. This paper is provided

Krashen used the natural approach to explain the process of second language acquisition. Krashen’s model basically consists of two parts. In the first part, the language acquisition device the comprehensible input triggered and this starts children’s language development. This process is affected by the anxiety factor, which he called affective filter. In the second part, the acquired language combined with the intentional learning result in the language output. In this process, the intentional learning monitors students’ output. Specifically speaking, his model proposes that a low affective filter or a low anxiety is good for children’s acquisition. He further believes that the learned knowledge hinders our acquisition and needs to be avoided (Brown, 2014). This argument indicates that teachers had better avoid such monitoring as correcting students’ responses since it hinders students’ acquisition. Also, Krashen argues that it is good for children to acquire the language subconsciously. Besides, he asserts that children follow a natural order to acquire the rules of the language.