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Study of Collective Behavior by Sociologists

Decent Essays

Collective behavior can be observed in many forms. In the view of sociologist Neil Smelser, “collective behavior is the relatively spontaneous and unstructured behavior of a group of people who are reacting to a common influence in an ambiguous situation”. (Stolley, 2005) Other sociologists define collective behavior as spontaneous activities that involve large numbers of people violating established norms. This fluidity makes it more difficult for sociologists to generalize about people’s behavior in such situations. (Stolley, 2005) This paper will explore crowds, fashions, fads, rumors, mass hysteria, panics, crazes and public opinions.
Crowds
A crowd is a temporary collection of people in physical proximity who interact and have a common focus (Stolley, 2005). People in the same place only become a crowd, by definition, when they find that focus. Researchers have identified various types of crowds; casual, conventional and expressive.
A casual crowd is a gathering of people who just happen to be at the same place at the same time. An example of a casual crowd could be when people gather around a car accident. These types of crowds may be organized around crowd crystals, which are people who draw attention to themselves in some manner.
Conventional crowds are deliberate gatherings bound by norms of behavior (Stolley, 2005). Attendees at a birthday party, a high school or college graduation, holiday parties and weddings are examples of conventional crowds.
Some crowds

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