7 Study Figure 7.
(a) Suggest why many countries find El Niño weather anomalies very challenging.(10)
El Nino is referring to the dramatic change that occurs in the walker circulation cell and in other areas but I am going to focus on this specific area, where the usually south-easterly trade winds going from west of South America to Australia and Indonesia across the Pacific Ocean reverse or severely weaken. This occurs usually every 3-7 years and can last between 12-18 months. During an El Nino the warm sea in the western pacific migrate towards the South American coast because they are being dragged across by the winds. This stops the upwelling near South America and means that there are little nutrients in the sea. This lack of
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Overall El Niño is a world wide phenomenon which affects countries in different ways depending on were they are situated and whether they are a LEDC or MEDC.
(b) Explain why the human and economic costs of global hazards have increased rapidly over time.(15)
Both human and economic cost of global hazards are increasing over time due to one reason, this reason is that global hazards are more frequent in the present day. Global hazards can be split into to groups hydrometeological or geophysical. Geophysical events have occurred at constant frequency throughout the ages as they are formed by tectonic or geological processes, which can’t be affected by human factors, an example of this type of event is an Earthquake or volcano. Where as on the other hand hydrometeological hazards are increasing as they are formed by hydrological or atmospheric processes, which are affected by human factors such as global warming, an example of this type of event, is a Flood or hurricane. The economic and human cost of global hazards is vast with trillions of dollars being lost due to hazards every year. Firstly we as humans are increasing population at an alarming rate, which means we are putting great pressure on the land which intern causes us to live in
North America has a wide range of natural hazards due to the latitude and proximity of water. The latitude and proximity play a part in the spreading of climate related disaster in
Further, analyze and understand the adequacy of the measures taken to adapt future climate change induced hazard risks. I have developed my capacity by doing the Masters’ Degrees in Disaster Management and Emergency Management with a research work.
It is important to understand the various cycles our atmosphere goes through due to how they affect our daily lives. The ENSO Cycle has a large impact globally and locally in California as we have seen with the long-term drought Southern California is currently in. The ENSO cycle can be defined by sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly in the Pacific Equatorial Area known as Nino 3.4 region (5oN-5oS, 120o-170oW). Unusually cooler waters (-.5 degrees centigrade) occurring for three consecutive months outlines a La Niña. La Niña’s bring wetter weather to Australia and Indonesia but often leaves the Eastern Pacific dry. Unlike La Niña’s, unusually warm water (+.5 degrees centigrade above average) occurring for 3 consecutive month’s outlines an
Elnino is a warming cycle in the water that had been warming up every year. Every year the temperature has come to increase. This is very dangerous if the water gets too hot something can happen to the crops air and destroy everything in society if it becomes hotter. For now in 2017 the water cold increase in hurricane season . Thats is not good because it could damage our world even more , by creating more hurricanes. Heer are many topics on Elńino What is El´nino:” El Nino is a climate cycle in the Pacific Ocean with a global impact on weather patterns. The cycle begins when warm water in the western tropical Pacific Ocean shifts eastward along the equator toward the coast of South America.”(Jet Propulsion Laboratory)
The Mount Pinatubo eruption in 1991 is an example of a tectonic hazard. The response to this hazard will be different to the response in Iceland to the Mount Pelee eruption. The human responses to tectonic hazards are affected by several different factors: the income level of the location, the frequency, the magnitude, the population density of the area the hazard takes place and the type of hazard itself. This report is going to examine a range of tectonic hazards and the human responses to them. A response could be the level of planning for such hazard, aid after the disaster, or the relief given or purely doing
El Niño refers to the wide ranging ocean-atmosphere climate interchange linked to a cyclical warming in ocean surface temperatures across the central and east-central Equatorial Pacific. Distinctive El Niño effects will potentially manifest over North America during the approaching winter season. They involve warmer-than-average temperatures over western and central Canada, and over the western and northern United States. Wetter-than-average conditions are probable over parts of the U.S. Gulf Coast and Florida, and drier-than-average conditions can be expected in the Ohio Valley and the Pacific Northwest. The presence of El Niño can significantly influence weather patterns, ocean conditions, and marine fisheries across large portions of the
Researchers don't yet comprehend in subtle element what triggers an El Niño cycle. Not all El Niños are the same, nor do the air and sea dependably take after the same examples starting with one El Niño then onto the next. "There isn't one major reason, which is a reason why we can't foresee this thing consummately," Michelle L'Heureux, an atmosphere researcher said (LiveScience 1). "There is
The 2015 El Niño is projected to be the strongest one in over a decade, leading to record-high temperatures. El Niño causes variability
In a normal year, warm surface water is blown towards Australia. This creates heavy rain to parts of Australia. At the other side, South America experiences some drought. When there is an El Niño, those winds and surface ocean currents reverse the direction. The warm air is moved to South America. This makes the opposite happen, produces rain in South America and drought in
Natural disasters can have a significant impact on the health of a countries population. A disaster is defined as “any occurrence that causes damage, ecological destruction, loss of human lives, or deterioration of health and health services on a scale sufficient to warrant an extraordinary response.” 1 Several factors play into how severly a country will be impacted following a natural disaster such as their economic status, access to healthcare services, infrastructure, political economies, etc. As the world is currently dealing with climate change affecting weather patterns countries in the Caribbean and Latin America are more at risk now than ever to face natural disasters. Latin America and the Caribbean faced a year of disaster in
I think that the article was very interesting. El Niño effects many things. El Niño can affect the weather, the amount of rain a place gets now or later, and the temperature. I would think that dropping the instruments into the winds would be very dangerous. When traveling to make the long journey, why would they need 11 people to go along? If they go along, do those people get paid or is this a free ride? It seems more effective if less people went. Maybe then, they could do more experiments. The model that Dr. Barnson was talking about seemed really neat. Instead of having just statistical models, they have dynamical models that actually show how the real world is. Those models do a better job at predicting an El Niño than statistical models.
Both excerpts provide thorough descriptions on the causes and effects of disasters. The excerpt from “Super Natural Disasters of the 21st Century” demonstrates three massive natural disasters that recently occurred and the devastation that developed as a result. Similarly, the excerpt from “The Perfect Storm” combines factual information with a personal anecdote on the experience of an intensive storm. Although both authors provide causes and effects on natural disasters, they use juxtaposed strategies and techniques in order to support their claim.
El nino and la nina are total opposites. They usually happen one time every three to seven years near christmas time or mid winter. El nino is a warm pool of water that heats the ocean and takes place in the pacific ocean and normally west of south america.el nino can spread and have effects on many places around the globe.el nino uses the earth's atmosphere to form. using the atmosphere
One of the changes in weather caused by an El Niño is a redistribution and increase of rainfall around the Pacific, especially during the rainy season.
One of the largest problems fronting the world today is global warming. Many experts believe that our makings of carbon dioxide and extra greenhouse gases have a heating effect on the troposphere, and this can be very hazardous to human life. This research paper will explore the issue of global warming and propose ways to resolve the issue.