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Summary Of Emerson's The Age Of Innocence

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A character who heeds Emerson’s call to act on and “obey no law less than the internal law” pursues individualistic ambitions, relying on personal beliefs and forming a life unburdened by customs or social norms. Ellen Olenska heeds Emerson’s call by physically and mentally resisting the domineering advances of New York’s aristocratic socialites, escaping the bonds that so securely bind individual liberty and expression, and accepting a life that should be so bold as to venture past the oppression of ballrooms and the shackles of conformity.

Ellen Olenska heeds Emerson’s call by evading the jaws that so mercilessly snare personal autonomy and individuality, daring to be so brave as to don outlandish attire and journey beyond the coercion of ballrooms and the chains of convention. In The Age of Innocence, the "Josephine look," is depicted as “[a] headdress… [which] [was] carried out in the cut of the dark blue velvet gown [that] rather theatrically caught up under [the] bosom by a girdle with a large old-fashioned clasp” was a style named after Josephine (1793-1814), the empress of Napoleon Boneparte (Wharton 7). In other words, the “Josephine Look” was an elegant look that comprised of ornamental headbands and gowns that were fastened under the bosom and donned over a sheer slip; it juxtaposed dramatically with the lace-covered décolletés and the prominent bodices that distinguished the dresses donned by stylish American women in the 1870s. This deserves attention

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