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Summary Of ' The Dragons Of Inaction '

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Summary of “The Dragons of Inaction” In the article, The Dragons of Inaction: Psychological Barriers That Limit Climate Change Mitigation and Adaption, Robert Gifford explores and elaborates upon the psychological mechanisms that impede proenvironmental behavior. Gifford introduces seven groups that encompass the 29 “dragons of inaction”. The seven groups include limited cognition, ideologies, social comparison, sunk costs, discredence, perceived risks, and limited behavior (Gifford, 2011). Gifford introduces these psychological barriers, and then identifies their specific manifestation. Gifford’s eloquent explanations provide readers with a solid foundation for addressing and understanding the psychological mechanisms that interfere with …show more content…

The next issue is comparison with others which consists of social comparison, social norms and networks, and perceived inequity. These mechanisms are also examples of how belief systems, culture, and self-justification influence climate change mitigation. In addition to these issues, Gifford goes in depth about sunk costs. Sunk costs contribute to financial investments which may impede someone from engaging in proenvironmental behavior that interferes with their investment. Gifford includes a brief explanation of cognitive dissonance and touches on the notion that it is easier to reduce dissonance by “changing one’s mind” (Gifford, 2011). He also includes extensive information regarding behavioral momentum which encompasses “resistance to change” (Gifford, 2011). To wrap up the conversation about sunk costs, Gifford addresses conflicting values, goals, and aspirations, and lack of place attachment. Both of these dragons are associated with lack of proenvironmental behavior. Next, Gifford asserts that discredence encompasses mistrust, perceived program inadequacy, denial, and reactance. Mistrust and perceived program inadequacy contribute directly to climate change denial in that people who don’t trust the system addressing climate change, will likely not believe in the threat of climate change (Giffford, 2011). Also, “ample evidence suggests that many people distrust messages

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