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Sylvia Plath's Lady Lazarus : A Common Theme Of Death

Satisfactory Essays

Throughout Sylvia Plath’s poetry, a common theme of Death emerges. The poem, “Lady Lazarus”, is the epitome of this theme. According to a letter regarding a potential BBC Broadcast of the poem, sent to her mother, Plath wrote, “The speaker is a woman who has the great and terrible gift of being reborn. The only trouble is, she has to die first. She is the phoenix, the libertarian spirit, what you will. She is also just a good, plain, very resourceful woman” (Appendix II, 196). Lady Lazarus (the speaker) embodies this description throughout this poem, though the actual poem is slightly more desolate than it may appear because, like Esther, the speaker is forced to perform in a bell jar, as well.
Death surrounds most of Plath’s work, but is best displayed in “Lady Lazarus” given the performative elements that affect the speaker’s view of death. Originally, Lazarus was miraculously brought back to life by Jesus in the New Testament. Though Lady Lazarus has returned from death several times, it was never miraculous, nor desired by the speaker. Toward the beginning of the poem, the speaker uses the word “it” in the first stanza: “I have done it again. / One year in every ten / I manage it— (Plath 1-3)”. At the start of the poem, using a pronoun prior to introducing what noun it is representing retains mystery as to what she has done again. In this opening line, it would seem as though she has some amount of control, given that she has ‘managed’ to do ‘it’ again. Already, Lady Lazarus appears to have more control over her situation than Esther, but we eventually see that this is inaccurate.
Following the story of Lazarus and continuing on in the poem, the ‘it’ is eventually realized as death. By avoiding the specific word of ‘death’ until later in the poem and the complete absence of the word ‘suicide’, the struggles of the second and third stanza the speaker faces are vague and disconcerting to the reader:
“A sort of walking miracle, my skin / Bright as a Nazi lampshade, / My right foot // A paperweight, / My face a featureless, fine / Jew linen” (Plath 4-9).
The use of the word ‘miracle’ would generally be clues for a positive event occurring, but following is her explanation of her skin being

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