Symptoms Of Major Depressive Disorder Essay

According to the Journal of Medicine, Major Depressive Disorder is related to normal emotions of sadness and temperament. When the external cause of these emotions scatter in different directions, the diagnosis of Major Depressive Disorder requires a change of mood, sadness and accompanied by at least several psychological changes. They do not sleep well, their appetite changes and lack sexual desire. Depression is a heterogeneous disorder with a highly variable course, an inconsistent response to treatment.

A major depressive episode is not a disorder in itself, but rather more of a description or symptoms of part of a disorder most often depressive disorder or bipolar. A person suffering from a major depressive episode must have a depressed mood or a loss of interest in daily activities consistently for a minimum of a two-week time span (Psych Central, 2013). In diagnosing the mood must reflect a change from the person’s normal mood. A person’s daily activities and functions, such as work, social routines and friends, education, family, and relationships must also have been negatively impacted by the change in their mood. A major depressive episode is also identified by presence of five or more of the following symptoms. The patient can show signs of significant weight loss or weight gain even not dieting or trying to lose or gain weight. The patient will also display a change in appetite almost everyday, either with an increase or a decrease in their normal eating habits. The weight change is typically set at an increase or decrease in weight of more than 5% per month. The patient will display a depressed mood almost the entire day and this sadness, emptiness, loneliness, crying, and distant is observed by others or indicted by the patient, is typically

Major depressive disorder, we all have probably heard of it, but do we really know what is it is ? Major depressive disorder is “a mood disorder that causes a persistent feeling of sadness and loss of interest… major depressive disorder or clinical depression, affects how you feel, think and behave and can lead to a variety of emotional and physical problems”(Mayo Clinic Staff). Having this disorder puts you in a very unstable position because you are constantly feeling depressed so it affects the way you think and feel and that can be very dangerous. Sometimes this happens to a person for one day, but put yourself in the shoes of someone who experiencing this for more than two weeks? When you have major depressive disorder, the signs of depression disorder can last for two weeks or more(myers646). This dis order must be treated immediately because “depression may make you feel as if life isn 't worth living”(Mayo Clinic Staff). Feeling this way can lead you to doing things that you can not take back such as committing suicide and sadly that can happen when you have major depressive disorder. Kiyohara and Yoshimasu conducted a research that showed that 90% of suicides have were dealing with major depressive disorder(qtd. in The World Health Organization). Throughout this paper I will be discussing the causes, symptoms and treatment when dealing with major depressive disorder.

Mental disorders can be diagnosed in infancy, childhood, or adolescence. Major depression is a lost of interest or pleasure in all activities. People with major depression experience symptoms such as a change of appetite, restlessness sleep, decreased energy, feeling of worthlessness, difficulty concentrating, and/or suicidal thoughts. A major depressive episode can lasts for about 2 weeks or more. A major depressive episode can be caused by stress, social anxiety, or other reasons. People with a milder depression are able to function and seem normal (DSM-IV-TR). A major depressive disorder affects about 14.8 million adults in America with 6.7 million at age 18 and older in the United States population. A depressive disorder can develop in any age and more likely to occur more often in women than in men and any person who is going through a hard time can develop depression. A treatment for individuals with depression is medication, psychotherapy, or attending social groups, 80 percent of the people who follow up with these treatments begin to show improvement with in four to six weeks. About 50 percent of the patients that take medicine to “cure” the depression are unsuccessful with the treatment, because they stop taking their meds due to the side effects, but the people who are in the support

6.9%, or about 16 million people, live with clinical depression, also known as major depressive disorder. Symptoms of clinical depression include: feelings of sadness, emptiness, or hopelessness; angry or irritable outbursts, often over trivial matters; changes in appetite, sleep habits, or weight; trouble concentrating, thinking and recalling information; loss of interest in normal activities

Jim is describing symptoms that meet criteria for persistent depressive disorder (PDD). In specific, he described symptoms that allow Criterion A, which requires the presence of a depressed mood for at least two years (American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2013), to be met. He reported that he is mildly depressed. Such depression, as described, started approximately five years ago when he “ran out of steam.” Since then, he has experienced various associated symptoms, such as irritability, hypersomnia, and weight gain, which allow Criterion B (i.e., the presence of two or more associated symptoms; APA, 2013) to be met.

Major depression is the second ranking disability causing disease in the United States and eleventh in the world (Coryell, 2016). Some common signs and symptoms are frequent depressed mood, difficulty concentrating and loss of enjoyment or interest in daily activities. The person may experience an unintentional weight loss or gain, defined as more than

Major Depressive Disorder or MDD is a very common clinical condition that affects millions of people every year. According to the Agency for Health Care Policy & Research, “ depression is under diagnosed & untreated by most medical doctors, despite the fact that it can almost always be treated successfully.

Past research has sought to establish set features of major depressive disorder (MDD) in adolescents. However, it has remained unclear as to how to compare different variables regarding adolescents due to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). Many in the medical field believed that depressive disorders did not exist in adolescents and that the DSM needed to be updated to better suit the society of today. Prior to the 1970s, depression in adolescents was not well researched. The Oregon Adolescent Depression Project (OADP) is one of few studies to provide early data regarding depression in adolescence. The Synoptic Expression of Major Depressive Disorder in Adolescents and Young Adults is a updated article that refutes past medical viewpoints that adolescents cannot suffer from depressive disorders. The original goal of this study was to determine the magnitude of the concordance for specific symptoms across episodes. On the basis of past empirical work however, researchers expected that across-episode symptom stability would be low. The purpose of the present study was to compare the symptomatic nature of MDD among adolescents and young adults and to examine the stability of specific symptoms across episodes. In addition, researchers examined different expressions of depressive symptoms between genders. The event of individual symptoms will not

A major depressive episode is described as having a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure along with five (or more) of the following symptoms: (a) significant weight loss, (b) insomnia or hypersomnia, (c) psychomotor agitation or retardation, (d) fatigue or loss of energy, (e) feelings of worthlessness or excessive or inappropriate guilt, (f) diminished ability to think or concentrate, or indecisiveness, and (g) recurrent

According to the DSM-5, a major depressive episode may include some of these symptoms, significant weight loss or

Major depressive episode (MDE) is a single experience of these symptoms over a 2 week period while MDD is a chronic disorder in which multiple MDEs. The main symptom that must be present for a diagnosis is either a depressed mood or loss of interest in activities that were once considered pleasurable. Children and adolescents may be observed having irritability rather than sad mood and display outward signs of anger. The patient may also have feelings of hopelessness, helplessness or worthlessness. Appetite can increase or decrease which may cause weight fluctuations; children may not be gaining weight as expected. Sleeping problems such as insomnia or too much sleep can occur. The patient may complain of fatigue or loss of energy and

DSM-5 criteria defines major depressive disorder would be qualified for a diagnosis if it demonstrate five or more of the following symptoms during the same 2-week period and represent a change from previous functioning: depressed mood, marked diminished interests or pleasure in activities, significant changes in weight or appetite, insomnia/hypersomnia, psychomotor agitation, fatigue, hopeless and worthless feelings, diminished concentration, and suicide thoughts or intentions (Kosslyn, Rosenberg, & Lambert, 2012). Previous literatures have identified a number of possible causes that may lead to depression, such as genetics, brain differences, social factors like poverty, ethnicity, and childhood experience (Read, J. & Sanders, P., 2010). There are different schools that use different theories as the basis to analyse how psychological problems and symptoms start and develop into life-affecting depression and distress.

A woman in Iran has noticed in herself a persistent sadness, lack of energy, headaches, and a feeling of imbalance. What does this mean? Do these symptoms characterize a disorder? Will she receive help for these problems? In this particular case, some of the symptoms are considered universally characteristic of a depressive disorder, while others are culture-bound, peripheral symptoms which are context-dependent on whether they set off red flags as a mental-illness. What would differ in regards to treatment if the person was male-gendered? Culture plays a key role in determining not just what idioms of distress will result in diagnoses but also in prescribing gendered roles that affect individuals’ subjective experience of mental and physical health. The World Health organization defines health as a “state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity” (“WHO definition of Health,” n.d.). Despite the existence of a universal definition of health, culture-defined gender roles prevent universality in its ease of attainability.

Major Depressive Disorder is marked by sadness and any four of the following seven criteria: weight loss or weight gain, insomnia or hypersomnia, motor slowing or agitation, fatigue, worthlessness or guilt, impaired concentration, and thoughts of suicide or suicide attempt. Those with Major Depressive Disorder have never had mania or hypomania and may also have anxiety symptoms. When the Major Depressive Disorder is combined with melancholic features, then the person has a “loss of pleasure in all, or almost all, activities [and has a] lack of reactivity to usually pleasurable stimuli (does not feel better, even temporarily, when something good happens” (American Psychiatric Association, p. 185). Observations made by others, such as being tearful, is also a criterion of this disorder (American