2.1 Introduction
There are roughly 250 million registered motor vehicles in the United States (Blanco, 2010). This corresponds to almost one vehicle for every citizen. According to the Federal
Highway Administration, the average American driver drives almost 40 miles every day (FHA, 2011). Given how heavily vehicles are used today, especially in the United States, their replacement with autonomous vehicles could easily have far-reaching implications.
The adoption of autonomous vehicles into society could affect a multitude of issues.
Among these issues are safety, cost, productivity, legality, public opinion, and the environment. Each will be touched upon in this section. It is important to have a general knowledge of these areas in order to better understand the speed at which autonomous vehicles might be adopted.
We’ve chosen these areas specifically because we expect them to be the biggest factors in the adoption of autonomous vehicles. However, it’s important to keep in mind that some of the technologies that will be discussed are still being developed. Therefore the implications that are dependent on technologies still being developed can be considered somewhat speculative.
2.2 Safety
One of the major incentives for developing autonomous vehicles is the potential impact on vehicle safety. In 2009, there were 10.8 million motor vehicle accidents in the US, resulting in 35,900 deaths (Census 2012). It’s estimated that over 90% of all accidents are due to
Self driving vehicles is a huge change in our society. We are taking the next step into the future and creating something bigger than ever. Driverless cars can be a good thing and a bad thing in todays society. We depend on so many things now, the older we get and the more time goes on, the lazier we get. Being Americans, we are putting our thoughts and ideas to the ultimate test to create something so dangerous but so efficient. We have thought of ideas that would make our lives "easier" and less stressful. In this paper I will describe how driverless cars work, the current problems and setbacks that we are having, and how this new technology is being put to use today.
In the article, “Will Self-Driving Cars be Good for America” (March 10, 2016), Robert Peterson argues that America is ready for self-driving cars to take over the streets. The author first reports the statistics of car related accidents in America, and how much the damages have cost in all; he then presents all the benefits of autnomous cars by discussing how it will benefit people of all ages by limiting expenses, and being able to reach a destination without the need for a license; and to conclude, he then finishes his article by alerting the audience that they need to get ready for what’s about to happen to the automotive industry in America. His purpose is to inform the reader in order to convince them that autonomous cars are the only
Imagine being able to get into your car and simply typing in your desired destination, and then reclining your seat to watch a movie or text a friend. During this time, the car is basically driving itself. Well, soon this may be possible this invention is called an autonomous car. An autonomous car, or driverless/ robotic car, is a car that is designed to drive without human interference. Essentially, drivers can program their destination into the car’s GPS system and then sit back and relax. Some of the world’s largest car companies are currently creating autonomous vehicles, such as Audi, Toyota, Volvo, Mercedes, and countless others. The driverless vehicle is now becoming a clearer and more present reality, and has been discussed and planned for decades. The autonomous vehicle offers significant benefits, but raises many questions and difficulties.
Most people believe that these self-driving cars are going to make our roads much safer than they are with human drivers. According to an article titled “Road Crash Statistics” by the Association for Safe International Road Travel, “nearly 1.3 million people die in road crashes each year, on average 3,287 a day.” They also claim that road crashes is the ninth leading cause of death. Obviously automobiles are dangerous, but they are also very effective for transportation. According to Statista there were over 7 million cars sold to U.S. customers in 2014. Even though automobiles have caused so many deaths, most people really need them.
In doing so, transportation safety will increase. Current cars are already semi-automated with various technologies. The editor’s claim that in coming years the current limited technologies will be just the tip of the iceberg, since radar and laser sensors, and car-to-car computer communications will be available.
Driverless cars will have the biggest impact on public health of any advancement in automobile history, eliminating up to 90% of all traffic fatalities in the U.S.
In the United States, driver error is the primary factor to blame for automobile deaths. According to the National Safety Council, in 2015, over thirty-eight thousand people died in car crashes. On average, that is 194 people killed a day. It is unacceptable to lose so many lives each year to this tragedy. Unfortunately, society has accepted this as the price of convenient transportation. However, there is an alternative. In recent years, the feasibility of affordable driverless cars is becoming a reality. The pace of current progress points to a future where driverless cars will replace humans at the wheel.
According to today's society, we can see a drastic change in technology today. Most Americans today tend to believe that self-driving cars are going to become very widespread over the next couple decades. The purpose of self-driving cars are to dramatically reduce traffic accidents; In other words, self-driving cars will be safer and more efficient than a normal car. For example, Psychologist Peter Hancock in his article titled, “Are Autonomous Cars Really Safer Than Human Drivers” asserts that over 90 percent of car crashes in the U.S. have been due to human error. ASIRT (Association for safe international road travel) has also calculated that, “Over 1.3 million people die every year from
Since the beginning of self-driving cars which first began in 1925 with the creation of the Houdina Radio Control; a car operated by two cars, a transmitter, and an antenna, to now - the futuristic dream of these autonomous cars have transformed into the reality of cars we see now. These cars are nothing short of the new technology advances that have occurred over the past decade. However, with these advances many question whether or not these cars are ready to be sold, due to the fatal accident that occurred May 2016 involving the autonomous Tesla and a white truck. Due to the Tesla not being able to detect the white tractor because of technological issues, the tesla failed to stop, and since the driver was not prepared to steer, it lead to the fatal collision eventually leading to the death of the tesla owner. With the increase of these cars on the road, from companies like BMW, Daimler, Ford, Apple, Uber, and Google, this poses a serious threat to not only the people operating this autonomous vehicle but also to the surrounding drivers. I believe that autonomous cars should not be put on the road, and that these cars are not beneficial to the population.
For decades the thought of a car that could drive itself has been a model of the future, but now, that model is becoming a reality. The potential benefits of adding an autonomous vehicle (AV) to the roadways are limitless, they span from improved safety to the convenience and luxury of the driver. Companies have already gained the right to test their cars in certain states. Once proven safe, the public will slowly but surely integrate autonomous vehicles into their lives. Autonomous cars will be a substantial benefit to society because they improve automobile safety, efficiency, and the overall convenience of the vehicle.
There are legitimate reasons to urge caution when considering implementing autonomous cars rapidly in today’s complex transportation system. For example, autonomous cars will eventually face a moral dilemma (Anderson). In the event of an inevitable crash, how will an autonomous car respond when faced with a situation that threatens the safety of the passenger, versus the safety of a pedestrian? Although these red flags do provide sufficient evidence to provide concern, the benefits of autonomous cars outweigh the possible mistakes that will come along the way. Eventually, autonomous cars will have many advantages over user driven cars as they will make roads safer and reduce traffic, among other benefits.
An era of self-driving cars may still be 20 plus years away but the ground work for their introduction and implementation is being laid out right now. It's important to understand that situations where a self-driving vehicle can’t predict and react to an accident will be extremely rare fringe cases that should not control the whole argument or sway the opinions of the public. The public should not be swayed by hypothetical moral decisions that your car may have to make. There are numerous benefits that such technology will bring with it to be impeded and delayed by the vocal minority that may not know all of the facts. Self-driving cars will bring with them another level of road safety where the public can fully relax during commutes and where
By 2020, the first fully autonomous vehicles are expected to deploy on America’s roadways. Consumers, however, are not sharing the same enthusiasm owned by self-driving proponents of autonomous vehicle technology. Indeed, three out of four Americans surveyed by AAA say that they are “afraid” to ride in a self-driving vehicle.
Google has announced that their self-driving cars will be on the road in two to five years. The company hopes that they will in America by 2020 but even if they are not people wonder if they will be safe and if we are ready to share the road with these vehicles. I believe that we will be ready for self-driving cars on the roads because we already have vehicles with system to prevent collisions such as early warnings and automatic lane changing from tesla motors. John Villasenor is a professor of electrical engineering and public policy at the University of California, Los Angeles, he is also a member of the World Economic Forum's Global
While Autonomous car presents enormous potential and benefits, there is a long way to go before we achieve fully self-driving automation. Going forward, there are three areas we would like to advise on: technical innovation, policy making and industrial strategy.