The Correctional System

Falling right in line with today's discoveries of wide spread corruption on various fronts, one area that has until more recently remained relatively unscathed is the corruption found within many of the correctional institutions and leading businesses of our nation. Quite honestly, I wonder sometimes if our correctional system has the right people behind bars.

The United States incarceration system is a structural foundation of punishment in which is formed by robust authoritarian power. The United States criminal justice system is not an institution to be underestimated, as it represents the highest incarceration rate of all world nations at a staggering 700 inmates per 100 thousand citizens (Krisberg, 7). Based on the social and political structure of democracy in the United States, it is argued that incarceration systems should follow the same roots of equality and freedom; however, the current format demonstrates otherwise. Currently, the United States criminal justice system faces issues of inhumane treatment due to the sheer overcrowding, which restrict inmates from just treatment within penitentiaries. This lack of equality standards was argued in the 2011 court case, Brown v. Plata, which California prison systems were forced to decrease prisons overcapacity rate from 175% to 137.5% due to the overwhelming amount of inmate mistreatment (Koehler, 3). In the decision of Brown v. Plata (2011), supreme court justice Anthony Kennedy argued dignity should be an organizing principle in the United States justice system and demonstrated in all correctional facilities. Anthony Kennedy, along with guest lecturer, Jonathan Simon characterize dignity as a fundamental piece to the incarceration system, and without it, inmates are victimized to cruel and inhumane treatment. Dignity does not consist of domination and unequal treatment of

American prison system incarceration was not officially used as the main form of punishment in United States (U.S.) until around the 1800’s. Before that time criminals were mainly punished by public shaming, which involved punishments such as being whipped, or branded (HL, 2015). In fact, President Lincoln codified the prison incarceration system in the Emancipation Proclamation that indicated no slavery would take place in America unless a person was duly convicted of a crime (paraphrased) (White, 2015). In this era prisons were used more as a place where criminals could be detained until their trial date if afforded such an opportunity. However, one of the main problems with this idea was the fact that the prisons were badly maintained, which resulted in many people contracting fatal diseases. Yet, according to White (2015) unethical and immoral medical experiments were also conducted on inmates’ leading to health failures. Moreover, because everyone was detained in the same prisons, adolescent offenders would have to share the same living space with adult felons, which became another serious problem in that adolescent were less mature and could not protect themselves in such environments

The incarcerated individuals within the correctional facilities in Canada make up one of the highest risk population groups for HIV and it continues to be a significant problem within the Canadian correctional facilities (Chu, Elliott, & Canadian HIV/AIDS network, 2009). Canadian prisoners make up a substantial chunk of the individuals infected with HIV as whole, inside and outside of the prison system (Chu, Peddle, & Canadian HIV-AIDS Legal Network, 2010). The HIV rate in Canadian prisons remains relatively stable, which is good news, however, there is not a whole lot done in order to help the individuals who are infected with HIV at the moment (Public health agency of Canada, 2012). During the years of 2009 and 2010 there were 13,500 incarcerated inmates and of that population roughly 2% were infected with HIV, this did not include the individuals who have not disclosed their HIV status to prison officials; or those who are HIV positive but have not been tested for the virus (Public health agency of Canada, 2012). An article written by Bonnycastle and Villebrun, (2011) found that the CSC infectious disease surveillance system estimates that 70% of prisoners remain unscreened for HIV, because the prisoners at the highest risk for the disease are more likely to forgo the testing. Drug use is prohibited within Canadian prisons, however, it still continues to be a problem with the inmates (Correctional service of Canada, 2015). Drug use is the biggest reason that inmates are

In 2015, America had four times the number of prisoners since 1980, roughly from 500,000 to 2.2 million people. The United States today is five percent of the world population, yet it holds twenty-five percent of the world’s prisoners. 4.5 million people are on probation or parole in the US. Altogether, there is a total of about 6.8 million people under some form of correctional control. If one were to combine the number of people in prison and jail with those who are under parole or probation supervision, it would amount to one in every thirty-five adults, which is 2.8 percent of the correctional control population.

Parole is the release of a prisoner by the decision of a paroling authority (Mackenzie, 2002). The offender is then required to remain under the observation of a parole officer who monitors the offender 's obedience with rules of conduct that are imposed by the parole board (Mackenzie, 2002). Parole is actually regarded as a back-end program that works in conjunction with the community (Mackenzie, 2002). Parole is actually similar to probation in that it follows a term of incarceration (Mackenzie, 2002). There are specific conditions which parole can be applied. Violations of these rules may result in re-imprisonment forced to return to prison to serve out the length of their original sentence from the date of release (Mackenzie, 2002). There are currently over five million people who are being supervised by the criminal justice system in the United States (Bureau of

There are so many problem in the Unites State Prison system because of overcrowding. First I am going to talk about what cause the overcrowding in the Prison system. After that I will talk what are the affect we are facing now days for overcrowding in the prison system. Than what should we do to stop prison to get overcrowding and how is going to help out society.

Other than the major issues of overcrowding, there are other issues throughout the inner workings of the system, of which includes treatment towards prisoners, budget assessments and limited rehabilitation programs to improve re-entry of former prisoners back into the system. Within the confines of various Federal Correctional Complexes, located throughout the nation, many of the country’s most heinous criminals are harbored, waiting for an imminent death in solitary confinement. It is here that lethal injection, one of the extreme forms of punishment is administered upon these indicted felons. There is even a chamber specifically created to accommodate for this act of destruction on true evil. Aside from federal orders of execution, any criminal that is put into custody under the walls of the Federal Bureau of Prisons is fully under the jurisdiction of the BOP rather than the judicial court. This further implies the tremendous amount of trust that the state puts into the BOP. The Federal Bureau of Prisons, also known as the BOP, has been a chief and vital agency in establishing a solid administration towards the care of prison inmates. The BOP is also accredited as being an irreplaceable overseer towards prison services. Established in 1930, it has proven time and time again that it is the “big dog” when it comes to the declining crime rates all across the United States; this is clearly shown through the fact that a whopping amount of 82% of inmates are being held in the

What is parole? Parole is the release of a prisoner before the completion of their sentence with the promise that they will comply with a set of guidelines set by the parole board. In order for a prisoner to be eligible for parole, they must serve a portion of their sentence and prove while in prison why the parole board should grant them early release. Many argue that parole in general should be abolished because they fear that an inmate will return to the criminal behaviors as soon as they’re out.(James A. Fagin,p.265). As the US decided to get “tough on crime” the number of people with that mindset increased, they believe that the purpose of sentencing someone is retribution and that they should get what

Nowadays, when criminals are being convicted for acts like murder and other high terror threats, courts and jurors usually try to figure out if there’s a mental problem or disorder that contributes to the criminal’s reasoning. The history and transformation of American prisons since the eighteenth century has widely shaped the conception that an inmate’s sanity and their wellbeing should be taken into account with prison placement. The first prisons, realizations and shifts in the system throughout time, as well as the shift in thought have all contributed to this idea. Although, not all criminal’s mental health has a direct correlation to their crimes, the two go hand and hand when thinking about the incarcerated as a whole.

The film explains the story of Andy Dufresne, a young city banker who is sentenced to life in prison after being wrongfully accused of murdering his wife and her lover. The film analyzing the effects of long-term incarceration on individual prisoners by exploring what is called institutionalization. It portrays how individual’s experiences within a prison can rapidly grow onto someone until it is only life one is familiar with and can relate to. It outlines how one has to rely on the institution of the prison itself to remain who he is. Shawshank blurs the line between what is considered right and wrong and furthermore exemplifies the notion that isolating and reforming criminals will turn them into law-abiding citizens.

America; the land of the free and the home of the brave. Free, that is, until you break one of America’s many laws and are convicted and sentenced to incarceration in the prison system. Depending on the severity of the crime, one might be sentenced to either a minimum, medium, or maximum security prison.

Prison, a place in which many of us fear. Our nation has came a long way with punishment for unlawful acts. We slightly drifted away from the death penalty and focused mostly upon prisons. It provides a great opportunity for inmates to reconstruct their life and prevent their further corruptive behavior.

Today, the purpose of the correctional system is to protect citizens from dangerous criminals and to punish those who have committed crimes. England methods of correction included corporal punishment and death. Fortunately, the correctional system in America has come a long way from the colonial period, reforming prisoners in the penitentiary, and the reformatory movement of prisons. Historical Development of the Correctional System in America During the Middle Ages, offenders that were imprisoned lived in horrible conditions.

The quality of correctional and criminal justice system interactions is the determining feature of each country’s level of economic and social development. The more controlled and civilized the correctional system is the more civilized and controlled the overall image of the country appears. In the United States, the long history of the penitentiary system has significantly contributed in the improvement of legal principles of corrections and criminal justice: the prison life in the U.S. has lost its negative features, and a range of recovery and rehabilitation programs work to make a prisoner “a better person”. Brazilian system of corrections is surrounded by an array of legal and human rights debates; in the current system of corrections