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The Effect Of Caffeine On Planaria Regeneration

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The Effect of Caffeine on Planaria Regeneration

Caffeine is a wildly use drug in today’s society. Caffeine is a methylated xanthine which acts as a mild central nervous system stimulant (MS & RL, 2001). It is a stimulant which acts upon the central nervous system and increases alertness, wakefulness and restlessness and it increases the release of catecholamine from renal medullar (Fernandez, 2016; Collines, 2007). It is present in many beverages. Caffeine is found in coffee, tea, soft drinks, products containing chocolate (cocoa) and some medication (Collines, 2007). It is used as a cardiac and respiratory stimulant (Collines, 2007).Caffeine is the most frequently ingested pharmacologically active substance in the world (Collines, 2007). …show more content…

If and when caffeine crosses the placental barrier it means the maternal blood levels of caffeine are virtually equal to fetal blood level (Collines, 2007). There are certain enzymes needed for the metabolism of caffeine and these enzymes are absents in fetus (Collines, 2007). Due to the lack of this enzyme, this could lead to malformations in the fetus (Collines, 2007). Previous studies done in rats show high caffeine levels have an effect on blood vessels in the placenta which causes them to contract therefore restricting or diminishing blood flow (Fernandez, 2016). Studies of animal models show caffeine can delay ossification, because missing digits, stillbirth and low birth weight (Fernandez, 2016). (MS & RL, 2001). Caffeine’s chemical formula is C8H10N4O2 (Collines, 2007).
Caffeine has shown signs of cell division slowing down (Itoyama, de Campos Bicudo, & Cordeiro, 1997). It is a stimulating drug which hinders the ability of flatworms to regenerate completely (Collines, 2007).
Planarians are hermaphrodites and have both the male and female organs but they are reproduced by asexual reproduction – known as fission (Fernandez, 2016). They are commonly in freshwater streams and ponds (Collines, 2007). They are carnivorous, feeding on living and …show more content…

On average the caffeine had a bigger effect on the head portion of the planaria compared to the tail. However these results are not constant throughout, as there were major fluctuations in the rate of growth. This might have happened due to the amount of food the planaria were eating compared the caffeine uptake. Also it could be due to a mistake in the recording of the planaria length. This is due to the planaria curling up in size for them to save their energy so they could continue to live. Due to the data being recorded before feeding them, there is the possibility that the planaria were not stretched out to their full size. These results were not expected and do not support the hypothesis as it was hypothesised that the 0.00001M solution would have the greatest effect on the planarian’s rate of growth. In comparison to other similar experiments, these results are slightly different. The other experiment had a major increase over the first few days, however it started to level out after the last few days the planaria were given caffeine. This is similar in this experiment however there was a decrease on the fourth day on the head and on the third day for the tail. This might be due to the other experiment having more planaria to test on. Possible limitations for this experiment are the amount of food the planaria had

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