The Effects Of Thermal On The Indoor Environment

Since the early days, the men try overcome environmental challenges and, in this process, ends up creating amazing masterpieces of engineering. Among this works, the bridges appears as the clearest representatives of how the mankind could adapt to Earth’s contours. If the shape of landscape can’t be changed, the bridges are the solution to link two places and allows the connection of the traffic to improve aspects such as the communication and the trade. Depending to the need, to the sources and to the environment, the bridge can be constructed in a specific configuration. There are five main sorts of bridges configurations. First, there is the simplest bridge, the beam bridge. Second, the arch bridge, one of the oldest kind. There are the truss, composed of set of trellises. Lastly, there are the cable-stayed and

Since metal reflects the heat of the sun, aluminum roofing minimizes the building’s midday heat gain,

We choose design #1 because the truss bridge is a bridge whose load bearing superstructure is composed of a truss, a structure of connected elements forming triangular units. The stressed from tension, and compression helps carry heavier masses. We chose the truss bridge, for it is a very rigid structure and it transfers the load from a single point to a much wider area. A truss is an arrangement of structural members that are connected together to form a rigid frame work. Modern trusses are made of structural steel. All bridges have 4 main characteristics: form, span, material, and travel surface in relation to the structure. A truss bridge is one form that a bridge can take and there are at least 30 different kinds of truss

High albedo, high emittance surfaces create a roof that transfers very little energy to the living space below, and the effect can be further enhanced by ensuring that the proper amount of insulation is used under the roof. A cool roof with proper insulation can make a tremendous impact on cooling costs, and over the long term the savings may more than pay for the initial

Since a triangle shape experiences no push or pull it can withstand the tension provided by bridges. The large openings in a truss allows wind to pass through the structure with ease , reducing any additional tension provided by wind. The truss bridge acts in compression or tension, and typically these bridges have its lower cord under compression while the upper chord is under tension. The slanted beams “/ \ “ in the middle prevents any buckling of the upper members of the bridge .The truss ability to distribute forces has lead to many different designs of the bridge making it a unique bridge. The Firth of 4th bridge is a perfect example of unique truss’s. The chords of compression and tension are reversed. Through the span of large truss’s , the lower cord under compression while the upper under

This course will allow me to explore an alternative construction material, which would potentially add to my knowledge and experience with engineering. Recently, I have been studying the structural and thermal performance of these structures,

The use of support beams to connect each end may have contributed to bridge supporting power, preventing weaknesses at the ends, adding to complete bridge support. The use of stronger, fast drying glue may have aided in creating stronger connections between the features and bundles throughout the bridge. These stronger connections due to the use of better glue may have allowed for a greater load to be supported before cracking of glue would occur. Lastly, creating a shorter bridge length may have helped decrease area for a load to be supported. Our bridge was much longer than the average of other groups, which had supported higher loads, possibly demonstrating that a shorter bridge would be a factor in supporting higher

The adaption of a second-skin to the South façade of an office building in the city Kiev (Ukraine) is investigated and compared to the use of internal blinds. Furthermore, research is done the physical domains of thermal and air flow in the second-skin, and its interactions for which three simulations were done. Due to these three simulations, the following questions good be answered:

Energy simulation software tools are an important support used for building designers to design energy efficient buildings. Energy simulation basically means using a calculation to mathematically model the interplay of thermal processes within a building. There are a wide range of mathematical models used for this purpose, all of which vary significantly in both ease of implementation and application. These models have been translated into computer software’s for excellence and efficiency in building design. The paper attempts to review the available Energy simulation softwares and select an appropriate one for simulating the various building design options for an ongoing research, “Design of Earth Sheltered Buildings”.

The lattice bridge is a form of truss bridge that uses a large number of small and closely spaced diagonal elements that form a lattice. A design to allow a substantial bridge to be made from planks employing skilled labor, rather than heavy timbers and more expensive carpenters, this type of bridge has also been constructed using a large number of relatively light iron or steel members.

Bridges collapse because either their design or construction fail to meet contemporary industry standards, or those standards are inadequate to ensure safety in the face of unexpected circumstances. (Wallace, Jonathan).

The thermal performance of low weight metal roof systems is in controversy to heavy weight concrete floor systems discussed in section above. Metal sheeting has relatively low thermal mass and its temperature can be easily changed by radiation. So the thermal insulation of roof is needed in this building which will be discussed later.

(ASBEC) suggests that the building sector is directly responsible for around 24% of the total energy use. At present this is split fairly evenly between the residential and commercial building sectors. Reducing energy use

The figure illustrates the heat pipe as a closed tube where the inner surface is lined with a wick or a porous material that is filled with liquid near its saturation temperature. The liquid in the wick and the open vapour corridor is separated by a vapour-liquid interface, which is found in the inner surface of the wick. Heat pipe characteristics are dependent upon size, shape, material construction, working fluid and heat transfer rate. The operational characteristic of a heat pipe is defined by heat boundaries, effective thermal conductivity and temperature difference.

The buildings are being constructed using a system build with a steel frame and various prefabricated components, the blue plastic on the buildings is the vapour barrier for the thermal wall insulation before the exterior cladding has been fixed.