The Environmental and Economic Pros and Cons of Hydraulic Fracking Figure 1 – Drilling on the Pinedale Anticline (Rocco 2013) Submitted to: Dr. Judy Sneller Professor of English Humanities Department South Dakota School of Mines and Technology Submitted by: Molly Nelson December 3, 2014 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF ILLUSTRATIONS……………………………………………...………………….3 ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………………………………..4 INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………………………….5 BACKGROUND…………………………………………………………………………..…5-11 METHODS………………………………………………………………………………….......11 PRIMARY REESEARCH………………………………………………………………11 SECONDARY RESEARCH……………………………………………………………11 EXPECTED RESULTS……………………………………….………………………………...12 REFERENCES………………………………………………...……………………………..13-14 TIMELINE…………...………………………………………………………………………15-16 ACADEMIC ADVISOR’S SIGNATURE………………………………………………………17 TABLE OF ILLUSTRATIONS TABLES TABLE 1— U.S. Crude Oil Price Per Barrel……………………………………………10 FIGURES FIGURE 1— Drilling on the Pinedale Anticline….………………………………………1 FIGURE 2— Shale Gas Extraction….……………………………………………………6 FIGURE 3— U.S. Oil and Gas Producing Wells…………………………………………8 FIGURE 4— Oil Boom in Williston, North Dakota…………………………………….11 ABSTRACT Our society has faced two major energy related problems since the Industrial Revolution. The first is where our future energy resources are going to come from. The United States both consumes and produces an immense
The job of fracking constitutes of gas being released to supply both Australia and overseas countries. Administrators and workers take this process seriously as every cubic foot of gas is measured and supplied. Although potential health problems have been recognized, the companies have been focusing on the collection grid and the and the shortage of regional community employees as only 2% of the workforce is applied for the job. Another economical factor is that Fracking is destroying jobs in other industries. These include manufacturing, tourism and agriculture as well as gas related fields. This caused a major problem in for farmers as they live on rent as well as the decrease of jobs is becoming difficult to maintain that wage. Furthermore, as the natural is supplied throughout the world, citizens must pay double or triple the prices in the upcoming years due to this fracking site.
Some people believe fracking is good for mankind, but it is in fact good for modern technology and terrible for the environment that man lives in. Fracking provides us with oil and natural gas. The process of fracking is to drill into the earth and pump water and other chemicals into the earth to create cracks or fissure in the shale rock, allowing the gases to be released into a well for collection. The chemicals used in fracking can include water, sand, salt, citric acid, benzene or lead, which can be dangerous if not isolated and used properly. If these chemicals were to leak out in the public they would cause serious health problems and even death. If human life isn’t a good enough reason to end fracking then I don’t know what is. (bib 1, 2, 3)
Hydraulic fracturing is either referred to as “fracking” or “hydrofracking.” It is a generally new technique for oil and gas extraction. Basically for shale gas and tight oil, including cracking of rock by a pressurized fluid. Even penetrating takes into account the infusion of very pressurized fracking liquids into shale rock layers profound inside the earth. After a well is drilled, it is cased with bond trying to guarantee groundwater security and the shale is using pressurized water broke with water, chemicals, sand and other fracking liquids. This makes new channels inside the stone from which natural gas is removed at higher than customary rates.
Fracking is hurting homeowners and communities. Fracking is turning neighbors against each other. One could be getting paid thousands of dollars to frack on their own property while both of them share the pain equally. Many homeowners who live close to a fracking pad, even people who don’t drink the water, experience headaches, persistent coughs, nausea and memory loss (‘Fracking’ for Natural Gas Continues to Raise Health Concerns). Not to mention many of the fracking chemicals are known carcinogens. With health effects like these it is no surprise that homes within 1.5 kilometers sell for 10% less. Furthermore, within a kilometer the number increases to 22% (McManon).
Insight, IHS Global. "The economic and employment contributions of shale gas in the United States." Prepared for America’s Natural Gas Alliance by IHS Global Insight (USA), Washington, DC: America’s Natural Gas Alliance (2011).
The Eagle Ford Shale is located in South Texas, stretching from the boarder of Mexico from just north of Laredo to about 50 miles northwest of Houston, covering a 9,500 mi2 area (Scanlon). It lies about 50 miles west of Austin and 25 miles south of San Antonio. The dimensions of the Eagle Ford Shale are about 50 miles wide and stretching 400 miles long. The Eagle Ford Shale is one of the most oil rich parts of Texas but yet is still one of the driest with only 21 inches of rainfall a year at the heart of the shale, Carrizo Springs. The reason we are interested in this area is to discuss the very fast growing industry of Hydraulic Fracking and its environmental impact. To understand why this area is so rich in oil and natural gas we must
Fracking, or hydraulic fracturing, is the process of drilling deep underground to collect hydrocarbons. Although you don’t even have to drill straight down. It can go out horizontally, like the spokes on a bicycle wheel. There can be up to fifteen of these “bicycle spokes” each time. This allows even more hydrocarbons to be collected. Even though fracking is a good way to collect oil and natural gas, there are many components that are harmful to the environment. One of these is the harm that fracking is doing to the water. When the mixture of water, sand, and added chemicals is injected into the steel pipe, only 15%-50% of it is recovered and brought back to the surface. The rest of the water stays underground and is
The question asked was “should fracking be used to release oil and natural gas?” I believe thatwe should use fracking to release oil and natural gases. Although, it has its negatives italso allows use to do what we do today. We have came to heavily rely on these oils andnatural gases and fracking is just another think allowing us to get what we need. Also,fracking can poison the groundwater and can deplete water supply.Fracking is a universal topic that can be looked at positively or negatively. Fracking allows us toaccess natural resources faster then how we naturally get them. In source B it states“Tapping those energy sources would make the United States less dependent,economically and politically, on unstable countries such as Venezuela
Fracking is often looked down upon by environmental experts, but for what reasons? Is this because fracking uses a lot of water? Or is it because of environment concerns? To get the full story, one needs to dig past some of the exaggerations used by environmentalists to demean the massive industry. Many individuals claim that fracking uses to much water, but it only uses a small percentage of the water used in many other industries. Also, fracking provides massive amounts of the U.S.A’s energy. The process of Hydraulic Fracturing does not use too much water, and is a very efficient way for the U.S.A. to get energy.
A lot can be seen in the media about the recent interest of the current UK government in hydraulic horizontal fracturing or fracking. This is a method which can use newly found reserves of shale gas in the UK to produce energy. The current UK government’s eagerness over the potential for fracking would seem to be a possible problem for any chance of reaching SDG number 7. With a lot of interest shown by the prime minister in particular it would seem that the not to distant future for the UK will involve fracking as a means of meeting energy needs. He is quoted as saying “I want us to get on board this change that is doing so much good and bringing so much benefit to North America. I want us to benefit from it here as well." (BBC, 2015)
While there are many benefits to fracking, there are likewise many concerns. First, recent studies have demonstrated that increased development of shale gas may hasten climate change because enormous quantities of methane, a powerful greenhouse gas that constitutes more than ninety percent (90%) of shale gas, leak during fracking. On a global scale, methane emissions from drilling and fracking production sites cause substantial greenhouse emissions which threaten our climate (Zott). The global warming capability of methane is approximately 33 times that of carbon dioxide in a 100-year block of time and 105 times that of carbon dioxide in a 20-year time frame (Jeffers). Drinking water sources have also been tainted with such explosive methane,
It is no secret that the United States consumes large amounts of energy, with a growing population and a booming industrial sector, more than ever, the U.S. needs vast amounts of inexpensive energy. Many energy sources currently employed by the U.S. government are not cost effective and raise many concerns, both economic and environmental. There are tradeoffs between different energy sources being, their cost effectiveness, and their environmental risks, it seems like there is no one energy source that can solve both issues. Reliance on fossil fuels has been problematic for multiple reasons firstly due to their negative impact on the environment both in their extraction and use, and the reliance on foreign countries for supplies. Nuclear energy risks catastrophic meltdowns, and the problem long-term storage of toxic waste, hydroelectric energy is a cost effective, sustainable source, however most rivers capable of creating moderate amounts of electricity have already been utilized. Future solutions are uncertain but one solution that is dependable and here now is hydraulic fracturing. Hydraulic fracturing is one possible solution that not only greatly increases domestic energy production, but, also reduces energy dependence on foreign countries, creates jobs and allows for growth in the manufacturing sector, is more environmentally friendly than other fossil fuel alternatives, and will last Decades.
Fracking might help us for 20-30 years but what after that when we have no source of natural gases or oil source. The all possible sources are being used. As I saw a video clip about Texas where they been welling and which is not helpful for the society lives around them. This is not something like global warming this is oil and gas extraction technologies and techniques called as hydraulic fracturing or fracking. Oil and gas is always a need for every country or continental. The oil and gas we are producing right now is a boom in the American economy. The issues behind this techniques and technology are very effective too. This fracking produces gas which just stays in air and the air quality get really bad, which affects on health of all
In our universe, energy is neither created nor destroyed. Instead, chemical engineers have long been interested in manipulating nature in order to create sustainable energy sources. These sources must be cost effective, while maintaining a low negative impact on the environment. Some hallmark energy sources are air (wind turbines), water (water turbines), and nuclear power. This is not a comprehensive list, but they are the main competitors to the most widely used source of energy, natural gas, providing 25% of the nation’s energy. Natural gas has recently seen a large increase in popularity, which can be attributed to a process called hydraulic fracturing, otherwise known as “fracking”. The United States has a large deposit of shale
Fracking will create a new industry for people to work in. Many people who were previously unemployed will get jobs. This will decrease unemployment and in turn decrease crime.