The Fire Next Time By James Baldwin

There was no clarification on what race would be considered white or what would be considered black. During this incident, “Homer Plessy, who was seven-eighths white and one-eighth African American, purchased a rail ticket for travel within Louisiana and took a seat in a car reserved for white passengers. (The state Supreme Court had ruled earlier that the law could not be applied to interstate travel.) After refusing to move to a car for African Americans, he was arrested and charged with violating the Separate Car Act.”(Duignan 2017). Judge Ferguson ruled that the separation was fair and did not violate the fourteenth amendment. The state Supreme Court also backed up this decision. The case was brought to the Supreme Court and "The law was challenged in the Supreme Court on grounds that it conflicted with the 13th and 14th Amendments. By a 7-1 vote, the Court said that a state law that “implies merely a legal distinction” between the two races did not conflict with the 13th Amendment forbidding involuntary servitude, nor did it tend to reestablish such a condition." (History.com Staff 2009). This decision set the key precedent of Separate but Equal in the United States. Racial segregation kept growing.

Consistent with Rossel, Germany has had a past of anti-Semitism, starting in 1542 when the great German Protestant leader Martin Luther wrote a booklet called Against the Jews and Their Lies. Even earlier the Catholic Churches had taught that the Jewish people killed Crist and should therefore be hated (10). Early teachings of anti-Semitism lead to a hating of the Jewish community, but with the German’s calling themselves the “Aryan Race” and the Jewish people calling themselves the “chosen one’s” there was bound to be competition on who was superior.

In June 1892 Homer A. Plessy bought a first-class ticket on the East Louisiana Railroad and sat in the car designated for whites only. Plessy was of mixed African and European ancestry, and he looked white. Because the Citizens Committee wanted to challenge the segregation law in court, it alerted railroad officials that Plessy would be sitting in the whites only car, even though he was partly of African descent. Plessy was arrested and brought to court for arraignment before Judge John H. Ferguson of the U.S. District Court in Louisiana. Plessy then attempted to halt the trial by suing Ferguson on the grounds that the segregation law was unconstitutional.

On the hundredth anniversary of the Emancipation, James Baldwin writes a letter to his nephew regarding identity as a black man in 1960’s America. Using a wide range of rhetorical devices, the writer attempts to convince his vulnerable relative to believe he is forever loved. In “My Dungeon Shook” from The Fire Next Time by James Baldwin, the author presents a unique rhetorical strategy which uses comparison and description to reach the main goal of helping the reader focus on the most important points of the writing. The grand design for this section of the novel allows Baldwin to accomplish the purpose by addressing the American citizens in 1963 in order to inform them how black and white people cannot have equal opportunities until the Caucasians recognize their crimes and African-Americans lovingly forgive their previous oppressors.

In 1892, Homer Plessy sought a seat in a “white” train car. Plessy was only 1/8 black, and appeared to be a Caucasian man. Even after being belittled and threatened, Plessy refused to transfer to a “colored” car. Violating the Separate Car Act, Plessy was arrested. He stated that this act violated his 13th and 14th amendment constitutional rights. His statements entailed that the act stripped away his 13th amendment right opposing slavery and his 14th amendment right for equal protection under the law. These arguments were revoked twice in lower courts until he decided he would take his plea to the Louisiana Supreme Court. (pbs.org)

On June 7, 1892, Homer Plessy, a thirty year-old shoemaker bought a first class ticket preparing to travel from New Orleans to Covington, Louisiana. Homer Plessy was something called a “Creole of Color” a phrase used to describe black people in New Orleans that trace their ancestry to the French, the Spanish and the Caribbean settlers. He had a very light colored skin tone and was only one eighth black. Even so, he was required by law to sit in the black section of the train. He boarded the train and sat in the “white” car. (Wormser) The conductor questioned him, and after refusing to move he was arrested and charged with not following state law. He went first to the Criminal District Court for the Parish of Orleans, and Tourgee, the hired lawyer, brought his case that the “separate but equal” rules were unconstitutional. Judge John H. Ferguson ruled against him, but that did not stop Homer Plessy. Instead, he applied to the State Supreme Court for the ability to go on to the United States Supreme Court. (Wormser)

To begin, there were many political laws implemented against Jews. In the earlier years of World War II, the Nazis declared their goal to segregate Jews from the “Aryan” society.

The real question is, what does it mean to be true to yourself? Think about it. As you read more we will be talking about the fire that took place in the short story, the marriage, and most importantly the quilts that were made.

Naturalism was a literary movement or tendency from the 1880s to 1930s that used detailed realism to suggest that social conditions, heredity, and environment had inescapable force in shaping human character. Basically characters can be studied through their relationship with their environment. A lot of jack London’s work was based on naturalism, and “To build a fire” was no different. The story starts off with an unnamed man in Yukon (where he is foreign) where it is more than 50 degrees below zero. "The man's red beard and moustache were likewise frosted, but more solidly, the deposit taking the form of ice and increasing with every warm, moist breath he exhaled. Also, the man was chewing tobacco, and the muzzle of ice held his lips so rigidly

Common Sense vs. Nature “To Build a Fire” is a short story, where the author Jack London uses the setting to tell the story. The man is the main character that experiences several catastrophic events, along with his dog. The man experiences such trouble due to his own stupidity. He does not see the weather as threatening and decides to travel the dangerous path. This leads to him freezing his hands, losing two fires, and almost eating his dog to stay alive.

Character development in the story "To Build a Fire" by Jack London One of the most famous and favorite writers of American and world readers is Jack London. His unusual ability to combine adventures with narration and tell the stories of the personal growth of people, developed in severe circumstances, attracts readers' attention worldwide. The present paper is devoted to the discussion of the work To Build a Fire, written by London in 1902, and the way London develops the personality of the principal character during his adventures. Jack London spent a considerable amount of time in the Yukon searching for gold, so this was the period when London was inspired to write his classic story To Build a Fire.

Literature has always been a means to not only tell a story, but to expresses one's feelings and beliefs. Authors use many unique ways to deliver a theme, and sometimes they do it quite spectuarly. To Build a Fire, by Jack London, is a great example of this. It is a story littered with a plethora of valuable messages and themes displayed in meaningful ways. The most prevalent theme in the story is that humans are completely outmatched compared to nature and that they are arrogant to its true power. The way Twain portrays this is through repeated lines. These repeated lines promulgate the main theme of human arrogance and the power of nature throughout the story.

Dylan Richardson Mrs.Briscoe English 1 Honors 7 September 2017 Violence in the story “To Build a Fire” by Jack London “What does the author want us to understand about violence? Well, there are many things that include violence in the story “Build a Fire,” by Jack London. The old man that went on the adventure with dog did a lot of violent things in the story. Like when he wanted to kill the dog for food; he fell in the freezing water and almost died.

Matthew O’Connor College Writing 03 Mr. Murphy 22 October 2015 Don’t Be Hardheaded Jack London’s short story titled To Build a Fire is about a hardheaded man whose stubbornness would ultimately result in his death. Throughout the story a handful of topics come up, the main one being the power of mother nature in its superiority and uniqueness as well as it astonishing ability of beautification and destruction and the mans failure to acknowledge it. The main character in To Build a Fire took it upon himself to challenge the majestic power of nature with complete confidence that nothing could get in his path and stop him, not even the relentless elements. The main downfall of the man in To Build a Fire is his pride and ego.

You should never dive into life or death situations unprepared and ill informed on how to take action given a common problem you could come across because it really could be your life on the line. Actions are the main factor in your survival and because of that fact, survival is your own responsibility. Alternatively, there are some situations where you really have no control and are at the mercy of nature. But, regardless people should be held accountable for their actions in situations that deal with life and death because your actions directly affect you. Your decisions also affect other people, for instance, in a story where a German caver needed to be saved the operation to extract him from underground included 728 people who weren’t even payed in the end.