Beep, Beep look out there’s a woman on the road. Often time’s women are stereotyped as a bad driver. In the article “The Great Debate: Essentialism vs. Dominance,” Courtney Stoker argues that there is a difference in communication between men and women through two theories. The Essentialism theory is the thought that men and women communicate differently due to their natural instincts as the Dominance theory imposes that the difference in communication is due to men’s perceived dominance (Stoker 676). As Stoker compares these theories she makes it clear that neither had substantial evidence in explaining the differences of gender communication. As Stoker stated, “But once again, I do not feel as if there is enough evidence to consciously declare one theory correct” (679). Stoker suggests the two main theories about why men and women communicate differently are flawed. Stoker is correct that these two theories do not explain every difference of men and women as they demonstrate behaviors in driving that do not specifically fall into these theories. First of all men and women drive differently because they show different amounts of aggression. Aggressive drivers are best known for putting someone else in danger or harm’s way while driving. This type of behavior is found more in men than women while driving. For example, “When it comes to aggressive driving, however, the majority (54 percent) of drivers cite men as the most likely culprits of aggressive driving. Compared
In a study by (citation) females and males rated communication styles by gender tended to rate females as better at non-verbal communication and males as more likely to display loud disruptive behaviours. Through observational studies these were confirmed to be significant showing that how we view genders does impact communication styles. For me, I do see these behaviours in my life and find I am able to communicate and read body language very well. In a study by (citation) female managers were more likely to use longer sentences, sub-sentences and more adjectives. (How this affects my
There are three types of drivers in this world: competent, overcautious, and reckless. After driving for many years in frustrating rush hour traffic, one might find there are three types of drivers, competent drivers who keep the flow going, over cautious drivers who cause slow and backed up traffic, and reckless drivers who weave in and out of traffic causing one near death experience after another. Trying to sort out what type of driver a person might be is an extremely challenging task. In a person's own mind, they think they are the aggressive type of driver, or the cautious type, but no one will ever admit that they are reckless kind. In most cases they’re too oblivious to these classifications and all other
Feminist communication theory has derived over time and branches out in many directions. Early theories focused on ways that gender influenced communication and many argued that language was “MAN made”. This view of communication promoted a “defect models” asserting that characteristics of speech correlated with women were negative and that men “set the standard for adequate interpersonal communication. " These early theories also suggested that ethnicity, cultural and economic backgrounds also needed to be addressed. They looked at how gender intersects with other identity constructs, such as class, race, and sexuality.
Some of these gender roles and stereotypes have been created due to the differences in physique, thinking, personality, and behavior that is actually present between men and females. Physical differences are more visible to the eye due to the distinction between primary and secondary sex characteristics for each gender. Males have testes, deeper voices, a bigger body type, and more facial hair, where as women have a smaller body, higher voices, ovaries, and wider hips. (Rathus, 2010, p.448). Cognitive differences have to do with the brain and the way men and women
In order to be able to solve some of the problems associated with gender miscommunications, we should distinguish first between the two different types of communications: verbal communication and nonverbal communication. Verbal communication consists of messages expressed by linguistic means such as the use of intonation, the specific words we choose to say, and the way we are saying them. There are differences in females and males usage of language/verbal communication. As we might expect from traditional sex-role stereotypes, girls tend to establish more egalitarian same-sex groups. Girls use friendly groups as a training ground for cooperation. Boys view friendly conversation among their friends as training for verbal aggression. Females are more verbal, use three times more amount of words than males, they are much more descriptive and use more adjectives. Women are less direct in their communication style. As Prof. Tannen showed in one of her research, women are more indirect in answering questions depends on the situation. They answer questions the way they would like to be answered by men, which means more than just a yes/no answer. However, men answer the way they would like to be answered
One of the differences in the genders are the typical women enters puberty two years sooner and women life spans are five years longer. Also females carry 70% more fat and has 40% less muscle and 5 inches shorter. Furthermore female’s reveal emotions more freely, can smell weaken odors, and offers help more often. Women are also doubly vulnerable to get depression and anxiety. Her risk of developing an eating disorder is 10 times greater than the average men. Males are some 4 times more probable to commit suicide or established alcohol dependence. Man are also more likely to be diagnosed with autism, color-blindness, ADH such as a kid, and have antisocial personality disorder such as an adult. Aggression gender gap relate to harmful physical aggression and rather than indirect or verbal relational aggression such as isolation and/or spreading rumors. Person name john archer noted that based on statistical digests of dozen of studies and say that women may be slightly more likely to commit acts of relational aggression. That being like passing along malicious gossip.
As opposed to men, who are more likely to make large claims for reckless driving. In essence then, women are better drivers than men, according to the statistics - it makes one wonder where the stereotype of ‘women can’t drive’ originated from.
The study was conducted on a smooth road and a soft road, both a two different speeds, 45 mph and 65 mph with 13 subjects. The results of this experiment showed that the males apply significantly higher grip when holding the steering wheel which may be a reason to conclude that they drive with one hand more often than women. However, both genders, on the average, apply similar grip forces for the all driving conditions studied. The results for this study supported our hypothesis that men are more likely to drive with one hand than
With aggression, gender differences do exist. Men are more likely to participate in physical aggression compared to women. Although both genders equally engage in verbal abuse or aggression, women are the more emotional type, according to several research studies. According to research, biologically speaking, there are physical strength differences between men and women which heightens the notion that gender differences do in fact exist. Moreover, aggression is viewed as a trigger as a result of extreme stressors and loss of self-control (Cambell & Muncer, 1987). There are also socialcultural and evolutionary factors that play a role in aggression and gender differences, studies have
“It's essentially a nature vs. nurture argument, saying gender stereotypes dominate driving behavior: In other words, men do most of the driving, and women, who ride along as passengers, are less experienced or confident -- thus prone to wrecks” (Urken, 2011). Urken goes on to say, “Intersections are more troublesome for women. Women are shorter than men and have a harder time seeing out the windows than men, and men are able to perceive time and speed better than women. This helps in determining how much time a driver has to pull or turn from a stop. Women are also most likely to have children as passengers which are a distraction.”
In Society, people are classified according to many aspects whether it is by gender, race, or class. People are treated differently depending on these identities in their everyday lives. An Essentialist approach argues that people are born to fulfill these different statuses, that it is a natural order from their genes that classify them into these different groups. On the other hand, a social constructionist would argue that through society and the interaction with other people these statuses are created.
The American Television Series Glee, directed by Ryan Murphy, Brad Falchuk, and Ian Brennan, can be interpreted as representing its characters in both an essentialist and non-essentialist way. (Colfer, Lynch and McHale 2014)
In an environment where the behaviours expected are still male dominated, female-specific communication can be interpreted negatively (Patel, G., 2013).
Due to my minor in Woman and Gender Studies, I have particular interest in gender roles, assumptions, and practices. Gender is such a performing art that we as people seldom recognize the behaviors we exhibit that are manifested through societal norms. In example, the typical assumptions and norms we have created about the difference between men and woman is this: Men are strong and aggressive, woman are softer and better at empathy. People argue passionately that these differences in the gender are innate and natural.
Men and women show different driving behaviors that affect their attitudes, safety and insurance risk. There is plenty of evidence to illuminate that men tend to be more aggressive than women (in all known cultures), which encourage more hostile behavior and competition, leading to higher probabilities of crashing.