Generally, most of the inventory costs are not always fixed due to uncertainty of competitive market. In the existing literature, it is found that several researchers have worked on uncertainty considering inventory parameters as fuzzy valued. In this work, we have represented the inventory parameters as interval. Using this concept, we have developed a two warehouse inventory model with advanced payment, partial backlogged shortage. Due to uncertainty, this problem cannot be solved by existing direct/indirect optimization technique. For this purpose, different variants of particle swarm optimization technique (viz. PSO-CO, WQPSO and GQPSO) have been developed to solve the problem of the proposed inventory model by using interval …show more content…
Again, Taleizadeh et al. [6] has formulated an inventory model taking jointly price, replenishment frequency, and replenishment cycle and production rate and optimized it. Tsao [7] has made an inventory model which helps for a decision to find joint location, inventory, and preservation facility under delay in payments condition. Shaikh et al. [8] have proposed an economic order quantity model for deteriorating item with preservation technology investment. Shaikh et al.[9] have again explored another inventory model with non-instantaneous deterioration inventory model with price and stock dependent demand for fully backlogged shortages under inflation. Subsequently, Pal [10] has discussed a stochastic production inventory model for deteriorating item with finite life-cycle. Except the earlier mentioned work, many other researchers have also developed the inventory model considering deterioration as a factor. Here we have cited few of them in Table-1.
Another factor in inventory management is availability of physical space to store the goods for smooth running the business. In this regard, two warehouse system facilities is in the eye of business organization. In a two warehouse system there are
In addition increases the costs due to out of date and damage lots of inventory, which are also leading to high shrinkage level for the retailer. It is possible to overcome these barriers and enhance the company’s reputation, increase customer satisfactions including high level of profitability by practising good inventory management system in place (Warren, Reeve, & Duchac, 2013).
Warehouse layouts were changed and its proprietary warehouse software adjusted to help forecast inventory demands The improved inventory model called for inventory to be managed as follows: (1) High demand inventory based on past sales and forecasts is retained at multiple distribution centers (2) Drop shipment where after searching Amazon’s inventory it searches inventory of manufacturer and wholesaler transferring the customer’s order to the wholesaler or manufacturer to complete the customer’s order (3) The third inventory mechanism is to allow vendors and retailers to offer products on Amazon’s website. One of the benefits of this inventory sourcing is that the customer is able to compare prices and make selection about price and delivery options after comparison. Additionally, in tapping into this three prong inventory system, the
In this final paper for Managerial Finance I will attempt to show how the supply chain inventory management method can be affected depending on the situation of the retailer. Studying the control method for problems in inventory, which would include both, excesses in inventory as well as shortages, and hoping to minimize loss.
The supply chain process can concentrate on inventory management process in the system to fulfill the order requested (Chase, Jacobs and Aquilano, 2006,). Riordan focuses on management of inventory from raw material to produce fans. It is necessary to track the quality and need of inventory for optimizing the performance of supply-chain process. These measurements are necessary for assessing the exact requirement of material based on revised production forecast sales with key inputs from the conceptual application of supply chain management (Chase, Jacobs and Aquilano, 2006).
All retailers have a common goal in mind, and that is to make a profit. Companies earn a profit by first connecting customers with products, which can lead to an exchange of product for money. Without the ability to connect customers with products, no money exchange is possible and no profit is earned. It is, therefore, immensely important for retailers to have the right products, in the right quantities, at the right locations, and at the right time. Inventory Management Systems provide companies like L.L.Bean with the necessary information to achieve just that. L.L.Bean’s advanced inventory management system (IMS) connects customers with products, irrespective of the location of the product or the customer (Hoffsess, 2015).
Some researchers argue that the cost of spares is always an area where cost reduction can be of significant. With the help of suppliers and equipment vendors, purchasing department can place orders in the form of contracts or Service level agreement (SLA) that guarantee delivery lead times for the designated inventory items. It makes business sense to shift the risk concerning the cost of maintaining the inventory to the suppliers. Reliability is the probability that the plant will perform its intended function satisfactory under specified environmental and operating conditions (British standard, 2012). Reliability is the probability that the system is operating satisfactory at any given time and it depends on the reliability and the
Since the warehouses hold finished goods and is considered to be an inventory, therefore it is crucial to minimise the capacity of the warehouses to achieve greater financial success. Appendix (2) shows that the average queue size of both warehouses is nearly 16 units whereas the maximum capacity of the warehouses is 50 units, thus the capacity of the warehouses are efficiently used. Average queue time of the available warehouses is another factor that must be taken in the prior considerations. An average of 34 hours is spent to deliver orders from warehouses to customers and this can be nearly 30% of the whole time spent in system. The rule of thumb declares that once the goods are manufactured, it must be delivered as
Since the variation in demand is high, a fixed order quantity model would have been suitable for modelling the inventory management process at the European DC of HP. We could have arrived at a suitable reordering point looking into the lead time and demand variation in that lead time. However, ordering cost is not available and is hard to estimate given the facts in the case and hence we reject this model.
Logistics is a very important part in the world now. And it plays a major part in the supply chain process. Without logistics the supply chain is a hard to continue. In a logistics system there are some parts such as Transportation, Information systems, Customer service, Inventory management, Materials management and Warehouse management. And in this Warehouse management plays a major role in the supply chain. In the supply chain process there are some parts that needs attention. After the raw materials are provided to manufactures the goods are sent to warehouses. Warehouse is the place where they store the goods which is to be sent to customers or other businesses. A Warehouse is a place where you store goods. It’s for further processing. There are some types of warehouses such as Public warehouses, Private warehouses, Leased warehouses and Contract
1. EOQ model 2. EOQ cost analysis (problem 1) 3. EOQ model 4. EOQ model 5. Noninstantaneous receipt model 6. Shortage model 7. EOQ model and reorder point 8. EOQ model and reorder point 9. Noninstantaneous receipt model 10. Noninstantaneous receipt model 11. EOQ model and reorder point 12. Noninstantaneous receipt model 13. Shortage model 14. Shortage model 15. Shortage model 16. Quantity discount model 17. EOQ model 18. EOQ model 19. Noninstantaneous receipt model 20. EOQ model 21. EOQ model analysis 22. Noninstantaneous receipt model analysis 23. Carrying cost determination 24. Quantity discount model 25. Quantity discount model 26. Quantity discount model 27. Quantity discount
inventory accuracy: Without an automated warehouse management system, it is hard to for a firm to be fully aware or accurate of the inventory it has on hand. Poor stock visibility can cause excess or obsolete inventory which causes a problem if there is a demand and product shortage which leads to unfulfilling or delaying the order of the customer. Also, excess inventory leads to the lack of cash flow, wasting warehouse space, higher storage cost and poor customer service.
Managing what's in a warehouse or on the shop floor can be extremely complex if you're looking for optimal cost and supply chain management capabilities( Needleman, 2017 ). Inventory estimation and control is directly impacted a company’s profitability.
The inventory management system is inadequate to handle the current operation complexity and needs. And in the implementation of new system there is cost and time overrun. So the objective would be successful implementation of new
Managing customer and supplier relationships is an important issue of handle supply chains. The concept of closely aligned relationship has been considered the basic needs of supply chain management. However, supply chain relationships, particularly those involve in product flows, reveals that the central of these relationships is inventory movement and storage. Most of the activity involved in managing relationships is based on the purchase, transfer, or management of inventory. Thus, inventory in supply chain plays a critical role because it is a salient focus of supply chains.
No one method is one hundred percent of the time going to work without a hitch. There can be flaws and uncertainties with demand and forecasting. This is why it is imperative to ensure you have a system in place that will be utilized by your inventory management team.