rompt: List and explore in depth the factors that contributed to the rapid and widespread adoption of the Islamic Faith and the creation of an empire that extended from Spain to the farthest borders of the Persian Empire.
Hook Quote: “The rapidity of military conquest and expansive political domination should not lead one to conclude that suddenly the whole of the known world had converted to Islam. It was not primarily missionary zeal that motivated the troops, but the promise of adventure and booty. That is not to say that their leaders entirely avoided the redirect of heavenly reward for bringing the world into the embrace of Islam, but on the whole, desire for conversion was secondary at best.”(p. 19-20) – 101 Q&A Intro:
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Support 2: Cultural:
• In the part of the world that Islam would later control, there were many “world class cities” such as Bagdad, while London and Paris “were still little more than towns” (101 Q&A).
• These cities - Bagdad, Constantinople, Qayrawn (present day Tunisia), and Fez (in Morocco) - were wealthy and they were along trade routes, so ideas such as those of Muhammad traveled rapidly. Ideas in Christian Europe would likely have spread much more slowly.
• Ruling important cities also helped Islam spread quickly because:
1. Islam absorbed ideas and technology from other cultures that used the trade routes. If rulers of these cities, Caliphates, used this knowledge to their advantage it would stabilize and strengthen the Islamic Empire.
2. “During the 10th century, at the height of its splendor, Cordoba was the most advanced city in Europe. It boasted paved streets, street lighting, public libraries, numerous mosques and palaces, and a vibrant literary and intellectual life” (p.71) - Understanding Islam and Muslim Traditions
Support 3: Religious:
• Islam drew its earliest converts from Christianity and Judaism.
• These groups are referred to in the Qur’an “as peoples of the book”. The Qur’an acknowledges that these three peoples came from the same religious traditions.
• Muslims revere the same religious figures as the Jews and Christians did; the primary difference is that Islam considers Muhammad to be the last and greatest
Pre-Islamic Arabia was a culture knit together by kinship. In this society there was no emperor or ruling elite. The people of pre-Islamic Arabia were bound together by nomadic tribes who made profit by trading and most importantly “raiding”. These raids were often described as small-scale warfare and were instrumented by tribal leaders in order to increase the wealth and power of the tribe (Gordon 5). This was the society in which Islam came to power. Warfare and raiding were essential in order to be successful in pre-Islamic Arabia. The integration of warfare into the Islamic religion created a similarity among Muslims, those who follow Islam, and non-Islamic Arabian people. This relationship and common interest established by the prophet Muhammad helped in the rise of Islam among non-Islamic
Trade was a large part in why Islam spread so quickly. Mecca had several trading routes. “By the middle of the sixth century… Mecca was … prosperous and important (Doc A).” They were trading through the two main empires: Byzantine and Persian. East Africa, Spain, India, and China also traded with them. Mecca being at the center of the trading system, they brought in many tourists to see the famous holy shrine. With the help of communication people interested in Islam were also drawn because goods were not just traded, but the Islamic culture as well.
It was a crossroad for caravan trade and an added advantage was that Mecca was home to the Ka’ba, a holy pagan shrine that many people the follows the Five pillars make a pilgrimage to sometime during their life. Many cities were easily reached from Mecca because of several surrounding trade routes, land and sea, that connected Mecca to multiple nearby locations. Mecca was a central location of the Arabian Peninsula and was very easy to get to. Not only this, Mecca also had surrounding bodies of water that were very important for trade that led to cultural diffusion. The Surrounding large empires, once conquered would add large additions to the current Islamic empire of the time. This could cause the fast spread of Islam since they were such big areas. (Doc A) Islam stretched across several regions. In the 600’s it spread North to France and out East towards India. Islam was the fastest spreading religion ever and it’s military was able to conquer many areas within a very short period of time. Followers of islam were not only devoted to sharing their religion but they were also well-organized and skilled in fighting. (Doc C) The Byzantine and Persian Empires were nearby and the Muslims were able to take over those areas because the empires were weak from their own battling. (Doc D) The Byzantine Empire tried to resist the expansion of Islam however, the people of the Hims in
It is said that the Islamic culture mirrors that of the Roman Empire in terms of expansion and longevity. The now widely practiced faith began in an area called Arabia, which neither Rome nor Persia dared conquer. From its creation, it contributed several important things to Medieval Europe and the World as a whole. It conquered a large region and gained thousands of followers.
Scholars also made advances in trigonometry, astronomy and mapmaking, and artists used calligraphy to decorate buildings and objects of art as well as to reflect the glory Allah (Docs 5 and 6). In a photograph of the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem, it shows the different features used from different cultures, such as the Byzantine Empire, as well as adding their own personal touches (Doc 7). All of these were preserved and used in Europe, and are even used in today’s curriculum. A lot of ideas have also been altered just a little bit, and expanded to create things that we use today. Everything that the Muslims passed on through many generations had a large impact on our modern world, and even the places around the Islamic Empire during that time period. A book mentioned before said “In the early 800s, Caliph-al-Ma’mun opened in Baghdad...the House of Wisdom. There, scholars of different cultures, and beliefs worked...translating texts from Greece, India, Persia, and elsewhere into Arabic.” The photograph of the Dome that was also talked about before shows what an impact the inventions made did for the Muslims. A trade route was created later on which says “Masters of the sea, even as of the land, the Arabs spread throughout the geographical area.” (Doc 9). Lastly, an excerpt described the benefits that the Europeans received from Muslim industries. “Finally our commercial vocabulary itself has preserved...proofs that there was a
During the Golden Age of Islam, scientific and mathematical ideas were developed, later spreading through different regions. There were numerous factors that helped contribute to the spread of knowledge and ideas. Three primary factors were the education system, the production of paper and the prosperity of unification of oral language.
The reason why the Islamic Empire expanded successfully is because of trade, Muslim Rule, and the Military. Trade was the first reason why Islam spread successfully this is because on slide #8 the question was” What did trade bring to the Arabian Peninsula?” I said, Wealth, people, culture, and ideas together. By finding these things and meeting more people and wealthy people you can expand better. Also, according to Islam student slides #8. Question 6 asks, How does trade help Islam spread. I said “Muslim merchants spread Islam through Africa, Asia, and Europe. The importance of the evidence is that when trading you meet new people and spread Islam through Africa, Asia, and Europe. The second reason why the Islamic Empire spread successfully
Economics played a huge role in early Muslim expansion, driven by the ancient Arabian tradition of raiding. Muslims and non-Muslims saw the earlier expansion as a large element of religious zeal, because the Arab armies of the time were doing what they are acculturated to do and what the economics conditions had always constrained them to do. However, what changed was that, for the first time, the Arab groups in the peninsula had excluded for themselves the possible of raiding other Arab groups, and instead they were forced to raid elsewhere. This new religious self-concept inspired them by giving them divine meaning to the increasing success and expansion.
In early modern times, the three Islamic empires sought for ways to improve standard of living for cultural families. People from all sorts of backgrounds makes it very difficult for Islam to become one due to their differences. Despite the challenge, the expansion of religion and trade produced harmony within a matter of time. Religion and trade are effective ways for Ottoman, Safavid, and Mughal rulers to establish harmony of all ethnic and religious communities.
For 140 years, foll0owers of Islam had created an empire that ruled the Middle East and stretched across North America into Europe. There’s many more interesting facts about Islam such as political orders, military conquest and how Islam spread so quickly.
The Islamic religion began to spread rapidly through the world due to its accepting religion and cultural diffusion through trade routes and missionaries/scholars. The tolerance of the religion was one of the most important accounts for the spread since “Conversion to Islam generally did not mean a sudden abandonment of old religious practices in favor of the new.” People were admired by this “rule” and did not feel suspicious of the Islamic faith as if they would destroy you if you practiced things from other religions. Islam in the Early Modern Era could also be described as “assimilating Islamic rituals, cosmologies, and literatures into... local religious systems.” Unlike many other conquered, Muslims did not force conversion after military
Rise of Islam – In the 600’s Arabian armies conquered Iran. The Arabian armies that conquered Iran transformed most Iranians to Islam over time. Persian language was replaced by the language Arabic. The new changes in Iran transformed people’s lives in a lot of different ways; changing language, new religion, transformed beliefs and more. Later on in the 800’s Iran became a big part of new subjects such as: art, literature, and science. The change gave people an innovative start to convert themselves into something they seemed too long for. Iran became several little kingdoms ruled by various Iranian rulers after the Arabs control got weaker in the 900’s.
Chapter one explores on the ways in which the people living today in the Western Europe percept on Islam as the rapidly spreading religion in the Arabian peninsula within the third decade of the seventh century. Greece, and particularly Athens is identified by the European as the source of core components of the culture and thought of the “Western civilization.” The Greeks never considered themselves as Europeans or Westerners, but much less originators of anything resembling “European” or “Western.” Greeks considered themselves as neither Asian nor European but rather as a distinct people who by virtue of their intermediate location being between the two continents endowed with the best qualities of both. For the Romans, they came to adopt
I like that author prefers using stories with cultural basis rather the stories with a political one. In addition, I want to accentuate my consent with the author. In my opinion, Umayyads failed to spread Islam in Europe, though the were exceedingly successful in spreading their culture. One can verify the validity of this notion with reviewing the remaining architectural monuments at places that Arabs conquered or created their states. Furthermore, this narrative made me think about the political state in the “House of Islam”. I used to learn passages about Arabs’ invasions, culture, political orientation but never thought much about the Abbasian reformation. I have never thought about the future of surviving heirs of the throne, what the did after mass slaughter of their house. Now, I believe that Abd al-Rahman took a long path before his succession in Rusafa. I could also find more information about Umayyads’ influence on Spanish cities and culture. Finally, I recognized the Medieval Mediterranean world pattern - the society represented in this passage is as diverse as it is in other Medieval
Arab conquest led to the spread of the Arabic culture within Central Asia, including the spread of the Arabic language as the state and literary language. However, from 700s the authority of Arab governors and military leaders declined, and the flowering of the literature in non-Arabic languages began under the rule of the Samanids and the Karakhanids. Non-Arab peoples adjusted the Islamic religion to their way of life. Therefore, this decline in the prestige of the Arabs in politics did not symbolize a failure of Islam, but represented a transformation of Islam in Central Asia. This paper will evaluate how the gradual changes in the social status of Arabs and non-Arabs from the 600s to the 700s affected development of Islam. In order to