Briheem N. Hamilton, Jr.
November 19, 2015
History 205 – Second Essay
The Legacy of Imperialism and Democracy Building after World War II
Nagata, Japan – Post World War II
Japan was made into a protectorate of America after their unconditional surrender.¹ During the next seven years, Allied powers occupied Japan. After Japan 's military forces were demobilized and repatriated, the Occupation, led by General Douglas MacArthur of the U.S. army, turned to the problem of making Japan democratic with the hope that its people would never again be led to fight a war of aggression. Ultimately, in 1947 a new constitution was adopted with two key provisions: sovereignty was transferred from the emperor to the people, and Japan as a nation renounced
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In 1952, the U.S. Occupation of Japan ended and by 1955 the Japanese economy had regained its highest prewar production levels. A stable political system was also established with the conservative and pro-American Liberal Democratic Party 's control of the government.
Post-War National Identity
From the sixties through the mid-eighties domestic politics were stable; the Liberal Democratic Party maintained a solid majority in the Diet (parliament) and emphasized close relations with the United States. Japan also achieved record economic growth — averaging 10 percent a year until the seventies. Its economy grew from one less productive than Italy to the third largest in the world, behind only the United States and the Soviet Union. Growth was especially strong in heavy industry, such as steel, chemicals and machinery, and in advanced technology. Almost totally dependent on imports for food and energy, Japan began to face increasing protectionism abroad and serious pollution problems at home. Although Japan has brought pollution under control, trade frictions continued. As one of the most advanced post-industrial societies in the world, the Japanese people enjoyed prosperity and the benefits of a thriving middle-class society.
There was a strong wave of anti-nationalism" after the end of the war, even avoiding the term
was definitely influenced. A shown in Document D,about 80% of Oil of Japan received in 1937
It had a comic book quality about it: two elderly men drunk and quarreling about Pershing (who Valerian had actually seen), neither one mentioning then or ever the subject of exile or advanced years which was what they had in common. Both felt as though they had been run out of their homes. Robert Michelin expelled from Algeria; Valerian Street voluntarily exiled from Philadelphia.
Nationalism drove change in the world after World War II by resisting foreign interferences which is evident in events such as the End of Mandates and the Soviet Sino-Split as well as Pan-Arabism.
In the early years of the 20th century a European war seemed likely due to dissent, distress, and militarism. During this specific time many liberals had thought that if they organized European states that it would remain peaceful. This then had actually led to competition which then led to many rivalries over not only colonial but also commercial interests during an era of imperialist expansion.Which led to any disputes which included land. The rivalries led to Europe's division of allies with Germany and Austria. Also Italy against France and great Britain and Russia. So many states were forced into thinking about creating an empire a army and who they could trust. Which then led Germany to think about making an Empire since France wanted
Japan had a very strong entry into World War II. After destroying the United States with the Pearl Harbor Attack on December 7th, 1941, they were in a great place. Over the next couple of years in war, The United States joined with Great Britain, and other countries, and formed The Allies. After Germany had conquered most of Europe, the Allies slowly but shirley took over, and freed the countries Germany had invaded. On May 7th, 1945, Germany had surrendered, and Japan was the last enemy fighting in the war against The Allies (Stein). For the short period of time, Japan was struggling. With the United States plotting the atomic bomb, Germany joining with The Allies against them, and the Soviets considering to fight in the Pacific, Japan was
The Japanese, though, had a similar facade covering their actions in Asia. Prior to World War II, there was a number of colonial settlements in Asia to which were controlled by Western Allies. “In the highly publicized Assembly of the Greater East Asiatic Nations convened in Tokyo in November 1943, a succession of Asian leaders voiced support for Japan and placed the war in East-versus-West, Oriental-versus-Occidental, and ultimately blood-versus-blood context”(6). The war appeared to be a way for Asian leaders to gain control over their own lands again; however, Japan’s behavior towards other Asians caused for a lose of support in their growth. the Japanese became “dominating the political scene, taking over local economies, imposing broad programs of “Japanization,” slapping non-Japanese in public, torturing and executing dissidents, exploiting native labor so severely that between 1942 and 1945 the death toll among such workers numbered in the hundreds of thousands” (7). Though moving across the continent under ideals of a “free Asia,” the Japanese were also moving with the ideal of imperialism and cultural superiority.
Nationalism, as defined by the Merriam-Webster dictionary, is “a sense of national consciousness exalting one nation above all others and placing primary emphasis on promotion of its culture and interests as opposed to those of other nations or supranational groups.” The publication of patriotic news reports that would praise a country’s leading military strength while belittling other countries fueled this strong sentiment in pre-war Europe. Provocative stories about a country’s rivals would be released to the public and although they were sometimes fabricated, these stories were widely believed by the sheltered populace of pre-war Europe. Using nationalism as fuel for war, bellicose leaders could carry out their desire for war much more
The Liberal and Democratic Parties merged to form the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) in November 1955, establishing themselves as a conservative alternative to the ascending powers of the socialist and communist parties. As a party, the LDP ran on a platform of stimulus spending and support for big businesses and farmers. Ultimately, the LDP’s ascension to power gave rise to the “1955 system,” where monetary support from big businesses to LDP factions and pork-barrel spending cemented the LDP as the popular vote in Japanese politics. Yet, while their system worked for 38 years, the LDP’s corruption scandals and the recession of the 1990s caused the LDP to lose favorability among voters. The ongoing corruption scandals, along with the defection
The events that lead to decolonization are numerous and interlinking and vary widely from country to country. Three critical factors played a major role in the process: the people’s want for independence/mass nationalism, colonial peoples large scale participation in World War I and II, which exposed the discrepancy in living conditions, and the ascent of Japan as a significant military and imperial force.
At the end of the war the Americans had devastated Japanese land with nuclear weapons and the country was destroyed. After WWII the United States took control over Japan and rewrote their constitution. Japan was forced to accept these new terms and adjustments. The new constitution set limits on spending and it shifted the focus from military powers to economic accomplishment. (J., D. B.
The modernisation of Japan made the nation have more wealth, be more economically stable and a strong education for the people. There were many political party’s arguing to have and hold the power of Japan but eventually all of the party’s agreed to having 1 government rule
The occupation authorities were made by the joint Allied operation that was headed by the United States of America because it was America who surged war with Japan. Therefore, major reformation of the society and Japanese institutions were taken care by America. Needless to say, that this was the major reason why most of the societal and institutional reformation in Japan was done with the American image. General Douglas MacArthur, who served as the supreme commander of the Allied Powers was from America and therefore, American wanted to completely remake the Japanese institutions making it a democratic, peaceful and militarily successful nation. America already realized the chaos, the pain and the destruction that they have committed towards Japan and probably because of this, they stopped their revengeful attitude and started treating the
Prior to the outbreak of the Second World War, a number of Western nations had colonies in Southeast Asia, but as the century progressed there was more and more opposition to colonial rule in the form of nationalism. Through their “Asia for Asians” policy, as well as their destruction of the myth of European supremacy, Japanese involvement in East Asia created the perfect breeding ground not only for nationalist movements, but for the spread of communism.
In 1945, Japan was devastated and lost a quarter of the national wealth after suffering a defect in the second world war. A majority of the commercial buildings and accommodation had been demolished, and massive machinery and equipment formerly used in production for the civil market were out of service to provide metal for military supplies (Miyazaki 1967). Despite the trash and ruins had left over in Japan, Japan was able to rebuilding its infrastructure and reconstruct their economy. It is revealed that the Japanese economy was on its way to recovery, which received a rapid development since the war, and the reconstruction of Japan had spent less than forty years to become the world’s second largest economy in the 1980s. This essay will explore the three factors account for the economic growth of post-war Japan: the financial assistance from the United States, the external environment, and the effective policy of Japanese government.
Japanese industry and infrastructure, which were virtually destroyed during World War II, were systematically rebuilt to transform the country into a global economic leader by the mid-1960s. Post-World War II, the seven-year U.S. occupation of Japan proved to be a blessing in disguise as the Japanese received $2 billion in aid from the U.S. in the form of food, fertilizers, petroleum products and industrial materials.