There is only Shahidi et al 2015’s group who has merged the neurophysiologic-biopsychosocial model of prospectively screening predictors for the development of chronic neck pain through an inception cohort study. Chronic neck pain was operationally defined as chronic idiopathic neck pain that is not trauma related at onset and this includes both chronic recurrent neck pain [“2 or more episodes of neck pain” with in-between periods of full recovery] and chronic persistent neck pain [neck pain with no periods of full recovery] CPNP) as defined by the Neck Pain Task Force in 2008 (Table 1 of Guzman et al 2008). Using over 170 healthy newly hired office workers, Shahidi et al 2015 conducted biopsychosocial-neurophysiologic baseline measurements theorized to be potential predictors of chronic idiopathic neck pain (CINP). These workers were followed up monthly for one year.by the researchers , Of those followed, 35 workers developed CINP. Based on these workers’ baseline measurements, three predictors were identified, namely: cervical extensor endurance, DNIC (or conditioned pain modulation) and depressed mood.
Out of the 35 who developed CINP, 15 were recurrent neck pain, while only 20 were chronic persistent neck pain (CPNP). Shahidi et al mentioned that one of the limitations of their study is that they did not do a sample size analysis. When compared to those (secondary analysis of a subgroup of 90 out of the 132 participants who did not develop CINP out of the original 171
However, this research is a question of patient quality within the health care setting and needs to be investigated further. Sturesson et al., (2015) point out several limitations to this study like, exclusion of patient did not receive pain medication that could alter the result of the study, studying only medical records and not the actual pain assessment can lead to false evaluation and the sample size may not reflect all assessment as only 120/year was collected from the medical record
According to subjective and objective findings chronic pain in this case study seems to be multifactorial. Marlow (2014) suggests that biopsychosocial elements such as increased stress and fatigue with sleep disturbances and may also have had any impact on her pain responses. On the other hand repetitive movement and work load also alters her pain response.
In relation to the case study the client has pain in the neck at the end of a working day.
Chronic neck pain is an ailment that is characterized by pain in the neck that lasts for an unusually long period of time, commonly over a period of three months. Although different from the common medical conditions of neck pains that last for only days, chronic neck pain is typically an ailment that takes even years without success in its treatment in the mainstream medical practices. Chronic neck pain is usually associated with a number of disorders, as well as diseases that can involve any of the tissues around the neck (Witt 2004, p. 99). For instance, the common causes of this condition are strains of the neck, injury of the neck like a herniated disc, pinched disc, or whiplash, and degenerative disc disease. In addition, chronic neck pain is also linked to common infection like virus infection of the neck and lymph nope swelling, as well as other infections such as tuberculosis of the neck, meningitis, and infection of spine bones around the neck. Some patients also had chronic neck pains caused by extremely different causes, which include physical injuries, some rare infections, and virus infections among others. Further, chronic neck pain is also caused by certain infections like virus infection of the neck and lymph nope swelling, as well as other infections such as tuberculosis of the neck, meningitis, and infection of spine bones around the neck.
Pain in the groin and testicle could indicate various conditions. Could be a pulled muscle or a hernia in the groin with pain radiating into the testicle. Any physician can do certain physical exam tests to check the difference.
Living with constant pain can be debilitating and it can be a huge detriment in one’s life. Chronic pain can impair an individual’s ability to participate in almost every day life regimes. Research has shown that chronic pain negatively impacts an individual’s ability to maintain social connections (Lennon, Link, Marbach, & Dohrenwend, 1989), employment and ability to undertake activities of daily living (Andersson, 1999). Chronic pain is significantly related to a range of mental health difficulties, as well as reduced subjective well-being. A meta-analysis of chronic pain research suggests that there is an interaction between a patient’s symptoms of depression and the severity of their chronic pain (Tunks, Crook, & Weir, 2008), and that chronic
Chronic pain is a significant health problem worldwide. Approximately 19% of the European population suffers from one or more kinds of chronic pain. The origin of most of the chronic pains is musculo-skeletal system and joints. A chronic pain is usually moderate to severe in intensity, lasting more than six months in duration and occurring at least two times a week (Breivik et al., 2006). This duration and intensity has a profound effect on the behavioral, economic, and psychological aspects of the individual and society. A Finnish study revealed almost 30% of the medically certified leaves lasting more than 2 weeks to be due to chronic painful experiences. The same study stated that chronicity of painful conditions has frequently led to early
Headache Classification Committee of the International Headache Society defines a tension headache as pain that is bilateral, pressing, or tightening in quality and non-pulsating, of mild or moderate intensity, which does not worsen with routine physical activity (such as walking or climbing stairs); and without moderate/severe nausea or vomiting.27 Tension headache was found linked to neck muscle weakness. Patients with tension-type headache have a relatively weak neck extension which results in a reduced ratio between extension and flexion.28 Also, patients have active trigger points in Trapezius muscle resulting in neck pain. 29
Chronic back pain is usually experienced in the lower back, but can also spread to the legs or feet. The triggering cause of the pain can be a variety of spinal diseases or injuries.
I enjoyed this article, probably because I have a personal connection with chronic pain and the difficulty of pain management. Both my husband and my father have chronic pain. My father has a slew of health problems, including peripheral neuropathy and he is overcome by his pain. He cannot release the hold the pain has on him emotionally and will not listen to reason, because in his words “no one understands”, taking on the role of the victim. On the other hand, my husband who has a dreadful case of arthritis brought on by Lyme’s disease, which he contracted through a tick 30 years ago; refuses to relinquish his power over to the pain. He has had both knees replaced and one shoulder replaced twice, yet he still keeps going. Granted they
DOI: 7/15/2014. Patient is a 30-year old female circuit board worker who sustained injuries to her neck, lower back and bilateral elbows when she slipped on wet floor and landed on her back.
The classification of chronic pain include three wide classes: first one is pain due to tissue disease or damage (nociceptive pain, such as osteoarthritis), second is pain caused by abnormality in somatosensory system (neuropathic pain, such as diabetic neuropathy), and the last one is eistance of both of nociceptive and neuropathic pain (mixed pain, such as chronic radicular back pain) (Baron et al.
After spending enough time sitting and standing with bad posture, chronic back pain can be experienced. Many who maintain poor posture experience back pain day after day with no clue to why they're having issues. This issue can be traced back to posture problems for the pressure that has been put on the spine. Overall, poor posture may be doing more than just impacting the way we look. Taking time to get up and move during the day, sitting straight with shoulders back and spine straight, plus visiting a chiropractor will help posture. Taking the time to do so can not only help have better posture, it can also prevent dealing with a number of serious health issues later on in life.
I will first begin informing you about the psychological reality of chronic pain by explaining what chronic pain, how it begins, and who is affected by it. This will help the reader understand some background information that will comprehend how it affects individuals. Next, I will present how prevalent chronic pain is and how it effects society, this will help to explain why this is concern should no longer be ignored. I will then begin discussing the most common psychological effect of chronic pain, a lower quality of life. This will begin the discussion of how medical complications effect how one perceives things and then overall mental well-being. This will then Segway into discussing how the mental stress of medical concerns, and a concern
The term “atypical odontalgia” (AO) has been the most adopted until 2012 and it is still utilized from a vast portion of researchers and clinicians. In 2004 atypical odontalgia was officially recognized by the International Headache Society in the ICHDII (International Classification of Headache Disorders, 2nd Edition) as a localized form of Persistent Idiopathic Facial pain (PIFP), included in the central causes of facial pain (16). We can find two unsupported assumptions in this classification as well. First, in 2004, when the ICHD II was released there was not enough data to support that atypical odontalgia was caused by either central or peripheral mechanisms. Second, there is a single study that investigates in a scientific fashion possible relations between atypical odontalgia and persistent idiopathic facial pain and it is based only