In the 21st, in our science classes, we are taught to believe that our world is actually made up of particles as the smallest constituents of matter. We are told that particles behave like waves because it makes no sense to teach that a particle moves faster than the speed of light, that particles can cause interference with one another, among other ridiculous things that we just never imagine a particle to do. What we are not told is that we never had to think about the smallest elements of matter, also known as, quanta, as particles. Instead, we can describe quanta as being excitations of fields, i.e., waves. There is no supporting evidence that a wave can behave like a particle, the evidence only points to experiments evaluating the data using wrong techniques, and assuming that a particle was in the place of a wave. I. Introduction “Learn from yesterday, live for today, hope for tomorrow. The important thing is not to stop questioning.” - Einstein Every day, thousands of people go to class and learn. If you visited a class taught before Albert Einstein 's Theory of Special Relativity was popular, your professor might have taught you that there was some magical ether that explained away Newton 's classical equations of motion. But as years went on, Einstein 's idea caught on and now we are taught that there is no ether -- we proved it through thorough experiments. Unfortunately for those who don 't want to give up the current equivalent of a magical ether, wave/particle
Quantum Mechanics is the science of subatomic particles and their behavior patterns that are observed in nature. As the foundation of scientific knowledge approached the start of the twentieth century, problems began to arise over the fact that classic physical ideas were not capable of explaining the observed behavior of subatomic particles. In 1913, the Danish physicist Neils Bohr, proposed a successful quantum model of the atom that began the process of a more defined understanding of its subatomic particles. It was accepted in the early part of the twentieth century that light traveled as both waves and particles. The reason light appears to act as a wave and particle is because we are noticing the
Writing is taken for granted nowadays. Thus, people don't take in consideration how lucky they are to be able to read and write. I can still vividly remember how when I was very young I used to get extremely angry for not being able to read the newspaper that my grandfather used to carry around. For that reason, there is a lot of importance to reading and writing, and I'm glad that throughout this year I was able to grow as a writer.
There are many different experiments which can give varying intelligence about the makeup of matter, in different ways and with different conclusions. In this instance I will be looking at the discovery of the electron, how our understanding of it has changed over the years, and measure how it has contributed to where we are today.
“The secret is here in the present. If you pay attention to the present, you can improve upon it. And, if you improve on the present, what comes later will also be better.”
There is no doubt that you cannot drive a car without looking in the rear view mirrors. In other words, in order to build a hopeful future you need to learn from the past and your mistakes. I wholeheartedly support the idea that learning about the past is vital for bettering ourselves for a fruitful future.
As we live, so we learn is a proverb still applicable today as it was then.
This quotable line from Thomas Edison is reflected even in the little things in my life. For example, in my Math subject. I’m always struggling to get the correct answer. There were so many wrong solutions and computations but through trial and error and perseverance I end up getting the correct way to find the correct answer.
The study of quantum mechanics has been ongoing for hundreds of years. The book, Entanglement by Amir D. Aczel allows the reader to see the evolution of the study of quantum mechanics over those hundreds of years from a fresh perspective. He offers an inside look at the scientists who have contributed so much to the field throughout the years. In his book, Aczel humanizes the people who we previously looked at just as names behind different theories, equations, and methods by exploring their backgrounds and their own unique motivations to study quantum mechanics. He shows how their work over the years built unto that of their predecessors. The scientists come from different generations and places, but Aczel shows that they all share something in common. While only some of them were aware of it at the time, all of their work would contribute to the discovery and understanding of one of the most complex issue of quantum mechanics, entanglement. However, even understanding entanglement was not enough to answer the question we still ask even today, why the quantum?
1. An ion is an atom/molecule that contains a net charge because of the loss/gain of either one or many more electrons.Ions are different from other atoms of the element since they either contain an extra/missing electron in their valence shells. Ions interact with other ions through ionic bonds. When the charge of an atom is positive then the ion is specifically known as a cation. An anion is a negatively charged ion. Since these ions have opposite charges, these cations and anions attract each other. Polar substances would interact with ions because when two or more atoms form a bond the resulting molecule will be either nonpolar or polar. The polar ions will be able to interact with these polar substances since they are both “water-loving.” Non-polar substances also interact with ions since the ending result of two or more atoms bonding could be non-polar. Since the substance and the ion are both non-polar, they are able to interact. We could tell if an atom would be likely to form an ion when it gains or losses one or more electrons.
Being raised in a Christian family, I have attended Catholic school my whole life. That being said, I have grown up studying Bible stories since before I can remember. Probably the most prominent and well-known of these stories in Christian theology is, of course, the story of creation. To this day, I still remember how the story goes. On the first day, God created the earth and daylight. For six days after, he continued creation and included the sky, the ocean, plants, animals, and humans. Growing up, I always believed in a literal interpretation of this story, and thought everything was created within an exact week. However, as I got older, I learned about evolution in science classes at school. I soon discovered that many of the
The continued research regarding a Theory of Everything is also supported by a variant of String Theory called M-theory. This theory describes the fundamental building blocks of matter not as individual point-like particles, like electrons, but immensely small strings of energy (Duft). Different particles result from different vibrating patterns of the fundamental strings. When calculations are performed assuming our universe contains more than three dimensions, the mathematics is consistent and highly precise (Kaku). Supposing that this theory is shown to be experimentally valid, then all matter and natural forces could be traced back to how each string behaves to provide a Theory of Everything. Admittedly, experimental evidence for M-theory is difficult to obtain since, in essence, it would require ultra-sensitive detection of something smaller than a quark. However, an eleven-dimensional calculation has been used to explain the behavior of high-temperature superconductors that is simpler than a typical four-dimensional quantum theory is able to provide (Campbell). This provides evidence for the mathematics of String Theory in real-world circumstances that may one day extend to explain the fundamental forces. While String Theory is still far from proposing an experimentally tested Theory of Everything, it is the closest explanation to date and given more time it may prove to be correct.
It is clear that Man has always had a lot of different questions that had a lot to do with regarding his atmosphere or his surroundings. A lot of times as human beings we may be sometimes become curious in answering a lot of different unknowns and numerous will continue unanswered, but what if there was a theory that would allow us to explain at least all of nature's forces that are inside a single all-encompassing intelligible context. What does this accurately mean? Well, explanation the universe in the most complicated and basic part so one can stand in admiration of its elegance and beauty. There is an impression changing around these days that we might have come across this collective field theory as Einstein may have named it. It has been named the superstring theory (Davies & (Eds.), 1992). Allegedly it can elucidate our universe in the most straightforward of terms, to the most indivisible component. That would mean that as a people might be nearer to scrutinizing the essential of our being maybe. What things are comprised of that could be the most basic component. Understanding the answer to that would be a huge jump in our evolution process. Individuals can look forward to perhaps getting closer to some of the answers in regards to the metaphysical questions. This now would not be the conclusion all of every kind of knowledge, nonetheless it would clarify the basic concept of everything that is around everyone. To many, that is an
Life has changed and developed throughout the years. People and Scientists are introducing discoveries to people since the beginning of life. Studies has shown us the term waves. Some scientists discovered that the dynamic of waves influence nature's response. Some studies shown the relationship between waves and technology.
Fortunately, string theory only has one problem. Unfortunately, it’s a huge problem: there is currently no way to test the validity of string theory because all theoretical tests proposed to find strings would take millions of times the amount of energy we have at our disposal. Our highest powered particle accelerators are too feebly underpowered to even find gravitons, let alone the strings that would prove string theory correct. Despite these problems with directly proving string theory, physicists like Brian Greene and Lisa Randal (classmates from Stuyvesant) continue to seek out circumstantial evidence like supersymmetry (each particle has a sparticle (superparticle)), new dimensions and gravitons –– or rather the absence of gravitons as they escape into different dimensions. There are of course physicists who warn that because string theory is