“The point of theatre is transformation: to make an extraordinary event out of ordinary material right in front of an audience 's eyes. Where the germ of the idea came from is pretty much irrelevant. What matters to every theatre maker, I know, is speaking clearly to the audience 'right now. '” This quote by English playwright and screenwriter, Lee Hall, from an essay he published in the Times of London, is central to the connection between theatre and motion picture technology. Since the rise of film in the early twentieth century, these elements have been influencing each other, and working together, to elevate the storytelling and experience of each medium and, in turn, better connecting them to the modern audience. The collaboration of these two mediums has resulted in a new form of theatre, known as digital theatre, that shows “theatrical entertainment does not have to be either purist (involving only ‘live’ actors on stage), or be consumed by the dominant televisual mass media, but can gain from the strengths of both types of communication.”(Masura). Throughout this paper, the intersection of theatre and motion picture technology will be explored through their effect on each other, in storytelling and experience, and the product of their collaboration—digital theatre. To begin understanding these medium’s influence on one another, it is important to note that theatre’s effect on motion picture technology, and vice versa, does not alter the core principles of each
Although cinema is now a priority, some feel as if cinema is no longer the cinema when it was first established. Movies no longer have that special feeling like viewers once had. Today, films are not only shared within a theater, if one pleases they could always have the same experience elsewhere. Moreover, with technology expanding, it takes away the importance cinema once had. “The
Theatre is a collaboration of various forms of fine art which utilizes live performances presenting before the audience on a stage at a specific place within a scheduled time (Dugdale 10). The message is communicated through a combination of various channels like songs, speech gestures or dances. Stagecraft skills are combined with elements of art to make the performance more physical and near to real life experience. Theatre is categorized broadly into drama, musical theatre, comedy, tragedy and improvisation. Any form of these accepts integration of various production modes and collective reception to influence the artwork being presented. As a result of this cooperation of items in the theatre
Early cinema is often referred to as a progression to narrative cinema, Tom Gunning would argue that it was not a progression but had its own purpose and coined the term The Cinema of Attractions in his essay ‘Now you see it, Now you don’t’. This is the concept that a large quantity of the first film makers produced films that were more about the spectacle, most of the films leading up to 1900 reflected the fascination with technology and how things happened rather than why. Gunning noted that there were three assumptions of film; the general ideas that people had about the timeline of film and where it would end up. There is the cinematic assumption, the idea that film was ‘restricted to the technological reproduction of theatre’ (Gunning T.1993) early cinema was primitive and only a practice for what was to come. The narrative assumption is that film is ‘only important as it is a predecessor to a more engaging and effective form of film,’ (Gunning T. 1993) this suggests that narrative cinema is the natural form of film. The final assumption is the idea that ‘cinema only truly appeared when it discovered its mission of telling stories.’ (Metz C. 1974) These assumptions all encompass the idea that narrative is the end form of film. In this essay I am going to discuss Tom Gunning’s theory of The Cinema of Attractions and the differences between them and narratively driven films.
introduced, epic stories on epic scales were filmed and the theatre experience itself improved. Just when Hollywood thought they had weathered the storm,along comes the internet and streaming video.
Going to the movie theaters to watch the newest blockbuster hit is nothing out of the ordinary in todays era. This was not always the case, when motion picture’s first came to life it was more than just another film, it had audiences astonished and amazed at what they were seeing in front of their eyes. Very few people in todays generation go to view a film and look at it as an art form, this is not surprising with modern special effects and non stop explosions. Tracing cinema to its roots leads you to the 35mm film camera, the true foundation of modern cinematography. Technology is improving and expanding faster than ever
It has been said that theater was the most popular performing art in the early 20th century that was until the invention of moving talking pictures or movies. The reason why theater was the most popular performing art is because movies didn’t exist yet on a broad scale. If people wanted entertainment they had to go to the theater. Now that we have television and movies, theater audience has dropped significantly. Although it wasn’t until televisions were in everyone’s home that live theater really took a hit. Since then we have seen the audience dwindle at the theaters as time progresses. Luckily before theater was eclipsed entirely the 2 forms of entertainment learned to work together for the most part but the
The film industry has continuously changed since its inception due to rapid technology advancements. Camera technology has been a key factor that has influenced the growth of filmmaking. The first motion picture in the world was produced in the early 1880s, and the first public screening occurred ten years later. It didn’t take long for the quality of films to improve as new filmmaking equipment emerged. Ever since the first movie was produced, the film industry has been continuously changing in response to emerging filmmaking technology. Introduction of digital photography and digital data storage along with the development of internet significantly influenced the film industry (Barsam, 2015). These technologies contributed
“Human beings creating and experiencing a story together in a room—that’s not going away.” These words of Bill Rauch, an artistic director of the Oregon Shakespeare Festival, perfectly describes theatre as one of the biggest art forms internationally. In this modern society, theatre in the world has remained admirably resilient, but it simultaneously faces challenges with popular film and television. These challenges have expanded to the Internet and handheld devices recently. Theatrical performances have enamored audiences throughout history and it is an enjoyable form of entertainment. Long before the introduction of movies, theatre amused and captivated people far and wide. Theatre is not an outdated
Interaction is an important application between an audience and an artistic medium. According to Koster, “every medium is interactive” (pg. 149). Audiences choose different ways to interact with their medium depending on what they want out of the art. In this instance, despite the lack of “action” in the long productions, people still are fascinated. Hellum discusses how in the slow television, people start to create their own stories and drama when there isn’t any. The audience is interacting with the program in their own way.
(a) There have always been at least two ways to do everything, and presumably one pays his money and takes his choice. (b) Even more to the point, why cramp the picture within the arbitrary confines of the theater proscenium when the camera can open up a world of fantasy and fun? (c) When the money mounts up to the staggering sums required to produce a movie musical, however, one might imagine that there would be an especially watching eye out for value received. (d) Why shoot a movie that costs millions so that it looks exactly like the original stage production put on for a few thousand? (e) But to reproduce any kind of stage presentation on celluloid is purely journeyman’s work, a matter of picking the pieces and pasting them together. (f)
Today’s society has been influenced by many things from the past. From governments to hippies, from historians to pioneers, from warriors to peacemakers. Our society has been influenced by many things. Theatre is one of the majorities than influence us.
According to The Telegraph, Great Britain´s theatre audiences decreased a 9 percent between 2010 and 2012, and the rates are only diminishing. This makes clear that the theatre as we know it, is being less succesful. Nevertheless, this rates don´t look after new ways of theatre.And, as the world changes, the way we conceive drama changes as well, and every day, new forms of spectacle emerge.
Theater was about attracting the middle class crowd to see their play but also to please the audience. For many years in theater much of it presented false or unrealistic concepts. Many authors of playwrights were accustomed to the idea of showcasing productions that could not happen in real life. Around the late 19th century, there was a push for creating more of an authentic and truthful piece of work. The movement was known as realism, which is the “representation of familiar things in a way that is accurate or true to life” (Google). “Reality is the state of things as they actually exist and is the perception of things as they actual exists” (Google). In Miss Julie written by August Strindberg, this play displayed his attempt at representing realism. Creating reality in theater requires implanting realistic points such as characters, actions, and dialogue that is accurate to real life.
Typically, the relationships between theatre and film are encountered--both pedagogically and theoretically--in terms of authorial influence or aesthetic comparisons. In the first method, an instructor builds a syllabus for a "Theatre and Film" course by illustrating, for example, how Bergman was influenced by Strindberg. In the second method, the aesthetic norms of the theatre (fixed spectatorial distance and stage-bound locations) are compared to those of the cinema (editing and location shooting) to determine which art form is better suited (or "superior") to which material.
The digitalization not only affects all sectors of the industry simultaneously, from production through distribution to exhibition, but the broader context established by digital convergence means that the boundaries of film, its status as a cultural entity, is up for grabs in a new way (Mcquire, n.d.).