The Pros And Cons Of Reproductive Cloning

The dangers that arise from reproductive cloning are numerous, and are enough to validate the banning of human reproductive cloning altogether. During mammalian reproductive cloning, a large proportion of clones suffered from weakened immune systems, which greatly compromised the animal’s ability to fight off infection, disease, and other disorders. “Animal experiments in cloning all indicate that a cloned twin is at high risk of congenital defects, multiple health problems and perhaps a greatly shortened life span.” (Paulson) In addition, many of the offspring produced through cloning suffer massive abnormalities, such as missing or deformed organs. Approximately 30% of offspring are diagnosed with “large offspring syndrome” and other debilitating conditions. In fact, studies on reproductive cloning have shown that more than 90% of

There have been recent studies on animals where the scientist cloned the animals. Cloning is something many people are split on. Some say it is bad some say it is good. I think cloning is a bad thing. Cloning can be a bad thing in many ways. I will be covering some of those ways in this paper.

The topic of cloning has brought much debate in science and also in society. Many

There are many arguments against cloning. Leon R. Kass bases his argument on repugnance in his article The Wisdom of Repugnance. He is a well-known physician, educator and scientist. Kass perceives cloning as offensive, grotesque revolting, repulsive and wrong. To establish his argument he states, “Most people recoil from the prospect of mass production or human being, with large clones of look-alikes, compromised in their individuality.”1 His rationale is cloning is unnatural, because it is asexual and requires only one parent. Kass believes that cloning turns natural procreation into a manufactured process, which is not natural or moral. In his essay he also points out that cloning will also change the way we see ourselves through our

The 21st century however forecasts an astonishing increase in innovation in another direction. While previously overshadowed by its larger cousins, physics and chemistry, it seems likely that the biological sciences will steal the limelight in the future. Mapping the genome, reversing the aging process, and finding a cure for terminal illnesses, all represent primary objectives for science. Unfortunately, the ethical questions posed by innovations in biomedicine are far greater than those posed by advances in the physical sciences. Reproductive cloning is one of these innovations, and one that arguably poses the greatest threat to the world as we know it. The universal truth, blindly accepted by man for millennia, held that a human could only be born through the sexual union of a male and a female, to be exact, of an egg and a sperm. By cloning, however, a human life can be created in the laboratory. This is done by taking human DNA and inserting it into an egg cell, sans genetic material. The resultant cell is identical to the original, and can then be inserted into a uterus, either a human or an animal one, and be grown to term, to produce a baby, while circumventing nature’s means of reproduction.

Cloning is a number of processes that are used to create genetically identical copies of an organism. Researchers have cloned a number of biological materials, such as genes, cells, tissues and whole organisms, including sheep 's and horses. Cloning can happen naturally in identical twins, but it can also be done in a lab. ("Cloning Fact Sheet").

The topic of cloning has been a science fiction legend until Dolly, the first cloned mammal, was born in the late 1990s. Dolly’s cloning renewed the interest in the potential of human cloning as seen in science fiction. Cloning has been done since the 1950s, but every cloning experiment included problems. When cloning mice, researches can use thousands of eggs to fix errors, but human cloning cannot use the same knowledge learned from cloning cows. With human cloning there is an “…extremely high rate of death…” and chance of abnormalities that cause the ethical concern for cloning humans (Rettner).

Therapeutic and rReproductive cloning can change the world, in not just one, but many other ways. Cloning can help countries and it would make the U.S not just a good state, but a better countrystate. Tax payer money should fund cloning, because it can replace damaged organs, produce livestock for the countries that are in need, and also help couples that can’t have children.

Therapeutic cloning is now in reach due to cloned early-stage human embryos and human embryos generated only from eggs, in a process called parthenogenesis. The use of therapeutic cloning is aimed to implant a cloned embryo into a woman’s uterus leading to the birth of a cloned baby. Reproductive cloning is thought to have potential dangers to both mother and fetus that make it unwarranted today. Because of that, a restriction is placed until the issues of safety and dangers are solved.

According to Mosby’s Medical Dictionary, the term “cloning” is defined as “a procedure for producing multiple copies of genetically identical organisms or cells or of individual genes.” Researchers have conducted several cloning experiments over the years, replicating tissues, organs, and even full organisms such as Dolly the Sheep in 1997. The history of cloning dates back to the early 1900’s when Hans Adolf Edward Dreisch studied the results of separating two-celled sea urchin embryos (“The History of Cloning”). The process has since evolved and become a process that is widely talked about amongst doctors, scientists and the general public. The process of cloning has been predicted to play a significant role in medical advancements in the near future. The main areas of which cloning could potentially affect are treatments for various diseases through organ replacement and infertility. As many topics in science, controversy exists regarding the subject of cloning in addition to its’ advantages and disadvantages.

This page discusses how philosophers come up with persuasive reasons to allow or prohibit human reproductive cloning. Some philosophers agree that local and temporary, it should implement the relevant cloning forgiveness, which should be rejected. Production or analysis in some of the main arguments put forward by philosopher cloning debate, as well as some of their most important no convincing arguments against universal opposition philosophers of different kinds of human cloning. This. Conflict between the school of thought suggests that philosophers can not be trusted to provide the public agency, or the general public, human reproductive cloning of moral unity, universal point of

In measuring the benefits, human reproductive cloning would be advantageous to the well-being of humans and because it is a fulfillment of personal autonomy. Firstly, this technique is a sound method for infertile couples to have a genetically related ‘child’ and it is a method to provide a patient medical treatment in a form of gene therapy or organ transplants (Hayry 2003). Secondly, the value of personal self-governance has been emphasized by human traditions in which the liberty of individuals is seen as important to individuals in our society today. Cloning would promote the well-being of some individuals without violating any person’s autonomy and conclusively is rational that people’s reproductive choice is not a realm to be interfered.

Essay Question (2): Explain in full the ‘life in the shadow’ argument against human reproductive cloning. How might the argument be objected to? Do you regard the argument to be morally decisive, in the sense that it establishes that human cloning for purely reproductive purposes must never be permitted? Explain and defend your answer.

Scientific experimentation has led us to many great discoveries such as: Chemotherapy, heart surgery, and bone marrow transplants. Recently scientists have discovered a new way to heal humans. This is known as cloning. Although they have yet to clone a human they have cloned sheep. Cloning has brought up a huge controversy among the American people. There are two sides to the story. Either you agree with cloning or you don’t. The only way to help make that decision is to look at the good and bad points of cloning.

Recently cloning is becoming more and more popular topic. It is puzzling and intriguing. On one hand it seems to be frightening, but on the other hand it is evolutionary. As a new branch of medicine, cloning technology needs to be developed even more, because cloning is beneficial for developing the knowledge of humankind. Scientists need huge effort in order to clone. They need to know every single cell of the body, its function, and construction. By gaining that knowledge, they will know every aspect of an organism. Cloning is a perfect method to discover new treatments for incurably sick people.