LITERATURE REVIEW Resilience has a persuasive history in psychiatry. It began with the development studies focused on children that performed well despite the adverse family circumstances (Werner & Smith, 1992).Subsequently plethora of literature was generated in the health domain, focusing on the effects of resilience for muddling through the harrowing situations. It was professor Fred Luthans who introduced the concept of individual resilience in the domain of positive psychology via the core
[1]. Considerably, resilience is an essential quality that equips them to meet this demand [2]. According to the American Psychological Association [2014], resilience can be defined as, “the process of adapting well in the face of adversity, trauma, tragedy, threats or even significant sources of stress.” It was reported in nursing students that they experience moderate to high level of perceived stress and this is negatively associated with resilience [3]. Moreover, resilience plays an important
Reliability Analysis The reliability analysis of refined model with 25 items and 5 factors was undertaken to verify how strongly the attributes are associated with each other. (Hair et al., 2010). Cronbach’s alpha for the full scale came to be 0.851 .The reliability test is deemed to be acceptable when the Cronbach’s Alpha value exceeds the Nunnally’s reliability criterion of 0.70 level (Hair et al., 2010). Dimension wise the value of Cronbach’s Alpha came to be 0.903 for Personal competence, High
Resilience across a lifespan can happen many different ways from physical development to cognitive development. We also have social and emotional development. Throughout this paper resilience will be applied to all of the above mentioned concepts. Resilience across a lifespan is described through theories, measures, and even personality characteristics. Resilience has also been applied to the impacts of disasters and traumatic experiences in which will also be touched on throughout this paper
Resilience across a lifespan can happen different ways from physical development to cognitive development. We also have social and emotional development. Throughout this paper resilience will be applied to all of the above mentioned concepts. Resilience across a lifespan is described through theories, measures, and even personality characteristics. Resilience has also been applied to the impacts of disasters and traumatic experiences in which will also be touched on throughout this
understand the current theoretical and operational definitions of the concept for use in theory and research (Walker & Avant, 2005). The concept resilience was chosen for analysis because of its many uses in the literature today, and the need of a central, encompassing, modernized definition. In wake of the recent tragedies that have been occurring, resilience has become more widely used and its definition has been stretched. If this concept is to be used in its entirety, a centralized definition will
272 Stages of Group Development 274 The Five-Stage Model 275 • An Alternative Model for Temporary Groups with Deadlines 276 Group Properties: Roles, Norms, Status, Size, Cohesiveness, and Diversity 277 Group Property 1: Roles 277 • Group Property 2: Norms 280 • Group Property 3: Status 285 • Group Property 4: Size 286 • Group Property 5: Cohesiveness 288 • Group Property 6: Diversity 288 Group Decision Making 290 Groups versus the Individual 290 • Groupthink and Groupshift 292 • Group Decision-Making