The Reasons And Causes Of The Indonesian War Of Independence

The other short term cause of the revolution was the Russo-Japanese War. It was made to seem to the public that the motive for war was because Japan attacked Port Arthur, a

Soon however, the lower-classmen started to turn to the British for support against the rich colonists. With the intensification of the British conflict, the colonial leaders started to think of ways to unify themselves with the rioters to handle the British. But the Regulators, laborers, petitioned the government on their grievances and as a result a large riot broke out in 1770 in a court.

Erez Manela’s The Wilsonian Moment Self-Determination and the International Origins of Anticolonial Nationalism is a monograph that attempts to reconstruct the story of colonial world at the end of Wilsonian moment. The book’s title, The Wilsonian Moment is alluding to the crucial period that lasted from autumn of 1918 to spring of 1919, when the Allied victory were confident that President Woodrow Wilson’s ideas for a new world will become successful until the terms of the Treaty of Versailles became public and the failure of the Wilson’s promise became evident. Erez Manela says, “The focus of this book is on the specific significance of Wilsonian moment in the colonial world, defined broadly as the dependent or semi dependent territories that encompassed at the time almost all of Asia and Africa”(8). Manela demonstrates how Woodrow Wilson’s post-war rhetoric on self-determination, a concept that firmly believes all nations should be able to determine for their futures and governance impacted several anti colonial movements by using Egypt, India, China, and Korea as case studies. In these case studies, Manela explicitly exhibits how colonized countries received and interpreted Wilson’s rhetoric, and applied it to their local struggle for independence. These four countries actively fought for their independence, but their arguments were dismissed at the Paris Peace Conference for different reasons. Manela tells us,” The “revolt against the West,” emerged “not from the

America, the land of the free, gained its original independence by fighting off the British in the Revolutionary War. With the British infringing on their unalienable rights, the American colonist knew they needed to take action to stop the overpowering British monarchy to preserve their freedom. The same situation arose in 1803 when the British started seizing American ships and stealing their goods. By 1812 the United States was fed up with Great Britain and their rebellious acts towards them. The United States declared war on June 18, 1812. Why is it that the American people consider the War of 1812 to be the second war of independence?

insurgent’s revolt was the revolution for the Philippines. It was violent protest for Philippine independence.

Many nations across time and the world have experienced a revolution. From the American revolution to the French revolution, history has proven conflict can engage a nation at any moment. Tanter explains that two possible scenarios, changes in the economic development and the level of education are likely to cause revolutions (Tanter 264). A revolution can be composed of a group of individuals who are willing to make the ultimate sacrifice in exchange for change in the existing

The U.S. War of Independence ensued from the increasing conflict between the British North American colonies and England. However, this conflict cannot be traced back to a single cause, rather, to multiple issues and protests towards the tyranny of the mother country. Even though the numerous Acts enforced by the British government undoubtedly generated dissatisfaction amongst the colonists, it was the government’s rejection of cooperation or compromise that persuaded many colonists of the inevitability of war and independence.

In this argument, I believe the failures of the initial Philippine colonial project not only retrogressed the islanders back into their primitive informal aristocracy but actually help unify and modernize a regime that was the complete reversal of American intentions. The result of the type of Filipino government after reconstruction were significantly constrained by Anti-Imperialists tensions from the metropole and continued to reshape itself by many additional constraints from the Filipino legislation. Only about fifty years later of political administration would enable the development of an autonomic government.

Many people viewed the Harris treaty as unfair, they referred to it as an unequal treaty. After other countries heard that japan opened its borders to the United States they to wanted to have agreements with Japan. Soon Japan was pressured into signing treaties with Russia, Britain, France, and the Netherlands. These treaties were also viewed as unequal treaties. The japanese started thinking that the shogun was not in control anymore. During the unrest in the mid 1800s, bad weather was making crops die, and the farmers, and peasants were starving. The japanese started questioning lots of things, for example, taxes, and whether or not the Unrest was the government's fault. Citizens were questioning all of the decisions the government was making. The Japanese wanted to create a new government, they felt this was the best way to solve Japan's

The events that lead to decolonization are numerous and interlinking and vary widely from country to country. Three critical factors played a major role in the process: the people’s want for independence/mass nationalism, colonial peoples large scale participation in World War I and II, which exposed the discrepancy in living conditions, and the ascent of Japan as a significant military and imperial force.

The natives caused the Philippine-American War that was started from a revolt of the people, which eventually led to one million dead Filipinos. This left the Philippines economically

India, in the 18th century was ruled by the British for two centuries. The Indians wanted freedom from the British. British looted and caused fights in India and treated them with no respect. The Indian Independence was caused by British Imperialism. The British wanted to take over India, but India wanted freedom as well since it’s their country not the British. Although politics and nationalism were important causes of the Indian Independence Movement, the most important cause was Imperialism because of the British East India Company, economy, and religion.

1750 marked a reconstruction era for the world. Also 1750-1850 was heavily focused on people’s rights. Some of the main bills were the Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen, The Bill of Rights, Haitian Republic Constitution Of 1801, and Olympe de Gouge: Declaration of the Rights of Women.

This was America's first true colonial war as a world power. After defeating Spain in Cuba and in the Philippines in 1898, the U.S. purchased the Philippines, Puerto Rico and several other islands from the Spanish. However, the Filipinos had been fighting a bloody revolution against Spain since 1896 and had no intention of becoming a colony of another imperialist power. In February of 1899, fighting broke out between the occupying American Army and the Filipino forces. The basic causes of the Philippine-American War can be found in the U.S. government's quest for an overseas empire and the desire of the Filipino people for freedom.

After Suharto ended his long dictatorial reign in 1998 there was a substantial increase in religious and ethnic conflict in Indonesia. Author Jacques Bertrand claims religious and ethnic conflict defined Indonesia’s national model. This resulted in three critical junctures during Suharto’s retirement of his sovereign rule. The three critical junctures defined Indonesia’s “terms of citizenship, and give meaning to the structure and procedures of an institution” (Bertrand, 20). When Suharto left as dictator, major political and social changes consumed Indonesia, which threatened the Indonesian realm. The people of Indonesia struggled to define their sense of nationalism.