Recovery in Workouts: Essential for Physical and Mental Health
Jason C Enos
Western Illinois University
12/14/14
Exercise and its Benefits
What Counts as Exercise? "Physical activity," "exercise," and "physical fitness" are terms that describe different concepts (Caspersen et al, 1985). These definitions become important to help define the focus of the study. Caspersen (1985) goes on to give definitions of each concept. Physical activity is defined as any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that result in energy expenditure. Tufts University (2014) gives examples of physical activity in their study of reducing disabilities in the elderly. Some simple examples include “taking the stairs instead of an escalator, parking in the
…show more content…
The degree to which people have these attributes can be measured with specific tests Caspersen et al, 1985. For the purpose of this study we will primarily stay on the topic of exercise and later the recovery process. By these definitions we can count exercise as a weight training routine, any organized activity typically found in a gym (Zumba, spin class, yoga, etc.). Any athletic practice, structured balance exercises, any endurance (jogging, sprinting, marathons, etc.) exercises, and structured strength routines.
Measuring Gains and Losses One controversial but often used measurement technique for measuring the effectiveness of a workout routine is VO2max. Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max) is considered one of the most important indicators of endurance capacity (Bosquet et al. 2002). Although it is widely used and well established, its determination is still challenging from a methodological point of view (Scharhag-Rosenberger et al, 2011). VO2max traditionally had trouble being defined as a reliable resource or consistent method of measurement (Scharhag-Rosenberger et al, 2011) Abderrahman et al (2013) help us to define an effectiveness on any given training program. There are various techniques used to gain an accurate VO2max reading, including the 20-m shuttle run test (Leger, 1982) or a 12 minute running test. The test can also be recorded with a participant on a bicycle.
Recovery
Types of
The definition of VO2 is the maximum rate of oxygen consumption measured during incremental exercise. The definition of METs is the ratio of metabolic rate during a specific physical activity. The relationship between METs and activity are, the higher the MET level the more calories that are burnt and the higher METs the more intense the activity. The more Oxygen consumed during a VO2 maximal test, the more carbon dioxide is being produced, this raises the RER, RR, HR etc. A warm up before VO2 testing and a higher MET activity are important. A warm up will prime the body to make sure you are ready for the activity. Then , when you perform you must have a cool down to help lower your heart rate and replenish oxygen from the strenuous activity. Comparing my VO2 (48.8) in a national standards chart, I am in the 75th percentile. Using METs and Max VO2 is very helpful in making a program. You know what level of MET activity the client can withstand and you can control the intensity. Also, having HR zones, points where lactic acid build up starts and a plethora of data at your fingertips to manipulate in order to better train a client.
In the study conducted by Edward H Robinson and Jeffrey R Stout, the use of one weekly interval session at vVO₂max led to a 3% improvement in vVO₂max and a 6% improvement in running(4).The interval duration was set to be 50% of the individual time that the athletes could sustain vVO₂max (the time that VO₂max can be sustained is called tlimvVO₂max or Tmax) which averaged around 3 minutes. The optimum length of VO₂max intervals is not clear although positive results have been found with a range of different interval lengths from 30 seconds up to 3-4
Physical activity has been defined as “bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that results in energy expenditure”. There is no debate about the value
and aerobic endurance. It is measured in ‘milliliters of oxygen used in one minute per kilogram of body weight. Nevertheless, it is important to understand your individual VO2max as it is considered to be the best indicator of aerobic endurance and cardiovascular fitness. The actual measurement is done in ‘milliliters of oxygen used in one minute per kilogram of body weight. By knowing your VO2max, it enables an individual to set realistic goals and assess their improvement over time. Many people who exercise, or want to begin exercising do not understand what specific duration, intensity, or heart rate, would be the most beneficial in achieving the goals set. Thus, by having a clear understanding of VO2max an individual can clarify the specific target heart rates, fat
Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is a health-related component of physical fitness defined as the ability of the circulatory, respiratory, and muscular systems to supply oxygen during sustained physical activity (Lee, 2010). Maximal oxygen consumption, VO_2max, is one of the most shared ways to measure a subject’s CRF, because it is the measurement of oxygen the subject consumes while doing vigorous exercise. VO_2max is expressed in milliliters of Oxygen, per kilogram of body weight, per minute (ml/kg/min). Setty stated that, VO_2max “is the gold-standard method of cardio-pulmonary and muscle cell fitness” (Setty, 2013).
This research study is significant because it shows the many benefits which can be gained from repeated bouts of high-intensity interval training over a short period of time. Knowing this information may be useful to coaches, practitioners, and instructors when designing exercise programs for a variety of populations (Ziemann, 2011). One example from this article is how the exercise protocol used may be beneficial in combating the effects of detraining during the off season for certain athletes (Ziemann, 2011). High-intensity interval training may also be able to be used in a group fitness settings as well. In this study, twenty-one participants performed repeated bouts of high-intensity interval training using various types of cycle ergometers
Exercise is a way of life for many whether it’s for fun, to get fit, or just a time consumer. However, a common way many use of exercise is to release built up stress. Not only is it beneficial to a person’s health, but it is also an easy way to grasp a clear mindset. The only downfall of this option is the fact that some get caught up and can’t get enough of the benefits exercise grants them. Exercise addiction tends to distress a range of emotions when a person is unable to exercise. M.K.S., author of Recognizing Exercises Addiction, has discovered that “there is ample evidence that exercise has mood-altering effects” (M.K.S. 1). Without exercising, a person may feel angry, guilty, or anxious. These feelings may also occur when a compulsive exerciser experiences a disruption in his or her exercise routine. Exercise addiction sometimes accompanies obsessive behaviors surrounding the issues of food and weight, as some
In addition Campbell et al, 2012 explained that physical activity can be placed into some categories such as working, recreation, household chores and transportation. On the other hand Chien et al, 2014 defined physical function as the ability of body to move delivered by skeletal muscles. Some examples of the activity are activity in working time, activity
Tokui and Hirakoba (2007) define exercise efficiency as the given rate of power output in relation to the amount of energy expended in a given time (as cited in Gaesser and Brooks, 1975). Efficiency during exercise varies due to several biomechanical and physiological factors—namely, contraction velocity and the force produced by muscles (Tokui and Hirakoba). Research shows that exercise efficiency ranges differ among the various types of exercise modalities commonly used in clinical and recreational settings (McArdle, F. Katch, and V. Katch, 2010). Measuring exercise efficiency allows researchers to examine which modalities of exercise are most efficient, enabling athletes and individuals in rehabilitation to choose the proper mode of training to fit their needs. During rehabilitation or training, improving cardiovascular function is a essential measure of outcome; thus, doctors, physical therapists and coaches are left to decide which mode of exercise will better yield results based on an individual’s abilities and disabilities (Barfield, Sherman and Michael, 2003).
Exercise, also known as physical based activities refers to the idea of using any movement that would works your body at a greater intensity, much more than your usual daily activity, when this happen, your heart rates and your muscles will go into overdrive and your body works it to the extent of achieving physical fitness. What happen is that during exercise, you work your body into some rigorous and intense routine in the aim of making every single part of your body moves and functioning so that your body will gain the most exercise and help strengthened your body more.
Understanding the level of fitness a person initially exhibits prior to beginning a fitness regimen is extremely important in helping them improve their well being. Hoeger and Hoeger (2015) include the current methods for testing an individual's baseline of physical fitness include body composition, cardiovascular, flexibility, muscular strength along with endurance benchmarks. Additional important benchmarks such as mental health will be investigated, with research completed by Gomez-Pinilla and Hillman (2013), that connects exercises influence on cognitive ability. Pedersen and Saltin’s (2015) publication of the implementation of exercise to combat chronic disease will help the vast benefits of exercise as a prescribable health option.
The terms individually refer to several aspects although all of those terms include under the wide term Physical and Health fitness. Unfortunately, explaining these terms and many other terms is
I do not believe that the submaximal tests were accurate. When comparing the relative predicted VO2MAX values, the non- exercise test predicted 2.22 (L/min), the 1- mile walk/ run test predicted 2.62 (L/min), the step test predicted 2.04 (L/min), the YMCA cycle ergometer test predicted 1.83 (L/min), and the submax treadmill test predicted 2.22 (L/min). The most accurate of the submaximal tests was the submax treadmill test, as when compared to the 1-mile walk/run test, the predicted values were the same. For the most part, the submaximal testing predictions varied significantly when compared to each other, which is likely a result of testing discrepancies and error in measurements. To predict VO2MAX, all tests used an equation used for all populations, and is not specific to the client at all (Bennett et al., 2016). Additionally, it is likely that there were measurement errors taken during test such as being able to identify HR immediately after completion of the step test. The test, I believe, to be most accurate was the VO2MAX maximal graded exercise test. Although a true VO2MAX was not achieved, if the client could have lasted a few more seconds on the treadmill, it is likely that two
Many studies have been conducted in order to determine how to increase productivity in the workplace. Many factors are said to influence human efficiency. One of the main contributing factors becoming more recognized is the benefits of exercise before tackling the eight hour workday. Exercise can be characterized and defined in various ways; however,
For Project YOU, I decided this was an appropriate chance to affectively incorporate some physical activity into my life. As a Nutritional Sciences student, I tend to eat a relatively healthy diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. As former dancer and athlete, I enjoy exercise, but I seldom “have time” to make exercising a priority. Recently, I had experienced weight basis in March from my own doctor at a gynecology appointment. When I responded with, “I’m focused on dealing with my alcoholism right now”, he still questioned my health status from my gradual increase in weight over the years. Back in January, I initially tried to incorporate physical activity into my daily routine again and rejoined a gym that is a block away from my house. I wanted to take my own advice and just go and walk for 20 minutes most days of the week. I wasn’t aiming for anything crazy, just to go and get some exercise, because some is better than none. I didn’t actually go to the gym in January or February, but I had a membership and it was on my mind, so that was an improvement.