The Trauma That Refugees Experience

Beside the genetic and life style that are individual determinants of health, there are many other factors -known as social determinants of health- which are varies even for the people who are living in the same society. They are defined as “social, cultural, environmental, and political factors that can affects the health of individuals” (Rumbold & Dickson-Swift, 2012, p. 40). This assignment will discuss the influence of one of the social determents of health, accessing to health services on health of a specific target group; refugees and migrant population in Australia. The Refugee Convention 1951 defines refugees as ‘‘persons outside their country of origin who are unable or unwilling to return because of a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social, or political opinion’’. Australia receives about 12,000 refugees each year. This population faced many difficulties in accessing to health services such as cultural and

Similarily examined in GBTWYCF, the participant’s genuine “refugee experience” allows them to identify social understanding about the fact of other people’s lifestyles and how they withstand the most severe of individual adversities. An extensive structure taken of Raye weeping followed by a remote taken of the moon enhances her concern towards Maisara “I’ve had issues holding child birth through…I do know where she’s arriving from…” examines how by your same circumstances as others, people are able to empathise.

Research indicates that immigrant groups are likely to develop Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PSTD) at varying degrees irrespective of whether they are voluntary migrants or refugees. However, refugees are known to suffer higher rates of mental health disorders ranging from PSTD to depression (Rasmussen et al., 2012). It is also known that refugees are likely to have more pre-migration risk for trauma than voluntary immigrants. Even though most refugees flee their home countries to reduce the risk of distress, research indicates that the well-being of such immigrants deteriorates with increasing time spent in the host countries

This essay is about the universal refugee experience and the hardships that they have to go through on their journey. Ha from Inside Out and Back Again and other refugees from the article “Children of War” all struggle with the unsettling feeling of being inside out because they no longer own the things that mean the most to them. Ha and the other refugees all encounter similar curiosities of overcoming the finding of that back again peaceful consciousness in the “new world” that they are living in .

No one is prepared for war and the most challenging decisions you will have to make to survive. Although each character in Refugee, by Alan Gratz, is from a different time and place, they each share similar hardships and challenges in their experiences, such as they were all forced from their homes, they all lose a family member, and their problems begin in their own country.

Ha and other refugees Struggle, Face, Worry and Challenges. The challenge they both have in common is that they had to face challenges along they way. Their challenges were hard to face because, Ha go bullied and didn’t like the food, doesn’t want to being a different religion and trying to know her land. In “Refugees: Who, Where, Why” they had to face the same challenges, but not all that are the same. The “Refugees: Who, Where, Why” tells who were the people that were refugees, and where the refugees are going also why they decided to flee their home. “Today our cowboy brings a paper bucket of chicken, skin crispy and golden, smelling of perfection.” (Lai 119). Connecting to the new life in Alabama and how hard it is for Ha and her family

According to SIM, various social determinants of health can dictate the presentation and severity of the patient’s illness. The main challenge in delivering effective care of refugee mental health is the complexity and the multi-factorial nature of their suffering. A refugee is identified as someone who was forced to flee his or her country due to traumatic factors such as war, persecution, violence and racism (Moussalli M., 1992). The exposure to these factors instills an overwhelming feeling of fear, submissiveness and vulnerability. As a result, refugees can be at a higher risk of developing debilitating psychological conditions such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression and anxiety (McKenzie et al., 2010). On the other hand,

Refugee’s lives turn “inside out” by separation, no choices, and traveling. Lives are turned inside out by no choice in what they want. In the article, “Refugees: Who, Where, Why?” it says, “Since early times large groups of people have been forced to flee their homelands.” Overall this tells me even if they wanted to stay with all of the chaos going on they couldn’t. Separation also turns lives inside out. I know this because in the poem “Watch over us page 50,” it says,” father watches over us even if he’s not here…Uncle son tells us to be ready any day.” This explains that with father not being there, hopes can be down and they can struggle more. Traveling for Ha also turns them inside out. In the poem, “Last Respects.” Page 85 it says,”

Refugees are people who crossed borders, fleeing due to problems related to race religion and nationality. While fleeing, refugees unknowingly carry many diseases due to lack of mental help and attention. When coming to a new country, refugees have no self-esteem to get jobs due to the language barrier. Refugees who flee their country and sacrifice everything are confident and strong willed with all the obstacles that come through their journey to start a new life. The long-term effects that a refugee experiences due to forced migration is Post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, and depression. Forced migration has a negative mental and physical affect on refugees.

Canadian refugees (and claimants) are often found with poorer health compared to their immigrant counterparts. Their health status is associated with pre- and post-migration factors affecting both their physical and mental health. The pre-migration factors include environmental, economic, and socio-cultural factors related to when people migrate to Canada.9,10 Many refugees come directly from refugee camps in the developing world and are at greater risk of psychological stress, infectious and non-infectious diseases.10 They also display lower mental health status due to their experiences from their countries, supporting the need for considering refugees’ unique experiences in the provision of support services.11

Better research on immigrant health and health outcomes would go a long way to shining a light on how to tackle these problems. The current debate in the research concentrates on social determinants of health such as acculturation, which of course influences a lot of other health and healthcare decisions made by immigrants. However, only focusing on social determinants of health undermines the importance of other factors that also heavily affect immigrant health in the United States. Specifically in the case of undocumented immigrants, the debate need to focus on systemic issues impeding access to healthcare as well as pre and post migratory social, political, and economic factors. Some examples that Martinez et al listed include, “specific environmental conditions such as pollution and contamination of water, as well as pre-and-post migration experiences ranging from rape, sexual assault, and abuse to extortion and several other specific geopolitical and economic factors” (966). Social strife, political persecution or famines are real problems that can affect an individuals’ health and specifically their mental health for the rest of their lives. Torres et al urge “those involved in public health research, policy, and practice” to

Refugees are a vulnerable group who has given up everything in a pursuit of a better life. Cultures from across the world differ in extreme ways. However, with that said no one culture or ideas is the better than the other. Each culture brings different strengths and weaknesses and the best to utilize those strengths is to put them together with the strengths of the others. Cultural competency is something that has to be continually worked on and studied. Cultural differences can make working together very difficult, but with patience, dedication, empathy, and collaboration it can be done. However, without those things the results can be devastating.

While the increase in support regarding the physical health of refugees has become a strength for the Liberal Government’s response to the refugee crisis their lack urgency to focus on the mental health of refugees entering the country is a significant flaw in the current policy. There is no large reaching government program or plan to address the mental health of the Syrian refugees coming to Canada. (Kirkup 2015). This is a significant oversight because “specific types of mental health problems are influenced by the nature of the migration experience in terms of adversity experienced before, during and after resettlement.” (Kirmayer et al. 2014).

Studies have shown that symptoms of deteriorating mental health in refugees appear in three distinct stages of the relocation process: pre-migration, migration, and post-migration. Each phase has

The article on Refugee Protection is a well nuanced account of how UNHCR as an international organization has dealt with and continues to deal with refugee crisis. The central thought here is one of ‘international convergence’ among various actors, nation states, NGOs and aid distributing organizations, advocates and experts. Newland, while explaining the importance of collaboration among these actors alludes to the idea of UNHCR being “one of the more universal manifestation of international convergence” (Newland, 2011). If we assume this to be true, this implies that the refugee regime has attracted the attention and conscience of people and governments across the world, to a larger extent than issues of terrorism, peace keeping, and environmental sustainability. All of these issues are global issues, handled at an international level by United Nations and demand immediate attention. Refugee crisis, in part, is a result of the other three issues: wars, conflicts, sea level rise, resource depletion etc. It is heart-warming to imagine that citizens of economically powerful states are willing to develop the required administrative structure, collect funding and gather the necessary resources to assist people from economically weak, politically conflicted states; they are driven by their humanitarian