The Union And Its Impact On The United States

Economic progress was most powerful in Prussia and less impressive in Austria. Through the Vienna peace settlement Prussia had received areas that turned out to be enormously precious for industrialization (the Ruhr district, the Rhineland, and parts of Saxony - all with rich coal deposits). Prussia now started to dominate many of the smaller German states economically, and the smaller states -- often hesitantly -- adapted their economies to Prussia. Decisive for this inconspicuous economic unification of Germany was the foundation of a customs union (Zollverein) already in 1834, which excluded Austria and Bohemia. Railroad building followed the lines of trade after 1837. To put it in a nutshell, Germany -- roughly in the borders of the later Second Empire -- was economically and, to a lesser degree, culturally united before

On the other hand, there were many factors outwith Bismarck's control which were very important in the unification of Germany, for example, the Zollverein. The Zollverein was a voluntary customs union, which encouraged trade between the German states by removing customs duties. It drew the German states closer together and supplied economic unity. Twenty-five of the thirty-nine states were members of the Zollverein - Austria was not a member. As Prussia

Strengthened Prussian leadership - with the help of the Zollverein, Prussia became economically supreme in the German Confederation.

Union Pacific has been making an impact on America since 1848, when the first ten miles of the Galena and Chicago Union Railroad were completed. Since then, Union Pacific has continued to help the building of America, whether it be through railways, jobs, or our philanthropic work.

Many men rose to the call for the preservation of the Union. One grand figure, and

“The representatives in the Congress of Vienna wanted to prevent France’s aggression by surrounding France with stronger nations, restore balance of power, so no country would be a threat to others and restore Europe’s royal families to the thrones they head held before Napoleon’s coquets” (Beck, 239). In order to make the weak nations around France stronger, the former Austrian Netherlands and Dutch Republic were united to form the Kingdom of the Netherlands. “Group of 39 German states were loosely joined as the newly create German confederation, dominate by Austria. Leaders of Europe wanted to weaken France, but also didn’t want to leave it powerless. If they did, the French might rebel to take revenge but if France became weaker and was broken up, another country might become so strong that it would threaten them all. France remained a major but diminished European powers” (Beck, 239). Nevertheless, not all-important decisions were made by the great powers.

1.6 The Basic Union philosophy of the United States is that of “Business Unionism”. This focuses on benefits as opposed to long term goals. Some of the debates surrounding this philosophy are that unions have supported programs for social welfare and so the term Business Unionism has nothing to do with Business. Some say that unions are large supporters of legislation which improve working conditions and making the title “business union” more like legislation or political union so this title is not appropriate. Other people say that title of business union is unfair because some unionists want to increase the political interests of the unions and members.

However, some historians argue that Bismarck was a catalyst and he simply sped up the process of German unification. Prussia gained land in the Rhineland, which was many miles away from Prussian mainland. German States prompted the Prussian authorities to abolish all internal taxes within Prussia itself in 1818. This led to the creation of a large free trade area. Prussia’s control of the rivers of the Rhine and Elbe encouraged other German states

The mastery Bismarck demonstrated in foreign policy was such that he was able to outwit all other powers and make their leaders appear inadequate. Bismarck believed that the unification of German states was determined by Prussia’s foreign policy. He was also persuaded that "nothing but a change in our foreign attitude can liberate the position of the Crown in domestic matters from the pressure which it will otherwise be impossible to resist." On September 30, 1862 Bismarck followed through on this belief in his famous blood and iron speech, which implied that if Germany was to unify it would be with the use of military force. These armies would than be used in three wars which Bismarck intentionally started though an aggressive foreign policy to unify the country. The Ems Telegram of 1870 was a prime example of Bismarck’s ability to use a hostile foreign policy to outwit a country. After editing a letter sent to Napoleon, Bismarck ensured that the amended version was released to the newspapers and telegraphed to all of Prussia's foreign embassies. French court circles

1.6 The Basic Union philosophy of the United States is that of “Business Unionism”. This focuses on benefits as opposed to long term goals. Some of the debates surrounding this philosophy is that unions have supported programs for social welfare and so the term Business Unionism has nothing to do with Business. Some say that unions are large supporters of legislation which improve working conditions making the business union title is not appropriate. Other people say that title of business union is unfair because some unionists want to increase the political interests of the unions and members.

To gain German unification and a Prussian-dominated Northern Europe, Bismarck was prepared to use war against Austria in order to destroy their hegemony over Germany, in which Bismarck defeated Austria on July 3, 1866 at the Battle of Königgrätz (Taylor, 84). After defeating Austria and redirected their power over Germany (in which Austria was excluded from German affairs in the Treaty of Prague (Taylor, 102)), Bismarck formed the North German Confederation in 1867. The next step in the Unification of Germany and securing Bismarck’s vision for Germany was to defeat the French, which happened during the Franco-Prussian War from 1870-1871. After Austria’s defeat in 1866 and the formation of the North German Confederation in 1867, the main block that further allowed Germany to gain full unification was that Napoleon III was still in power in France and that a Germany unified under Prussian power was unacceptable to the French because it was a threat to French supremacy. Relations between the French and Prussians soon deteriorated because of the vacant Spanish throne, in which was offered up to Leopold of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen after the abdication of Queen Isabella (Taylor, 117).

During the Thirty Years War, Armand-Jean du Pleases, Cardinal de Richelieu, France’s chief minister, thought of the brilliant idea to create a foreign policy that would have Europe at a satisfactory level. The foreign policy would have Central European countries run divided but there would be a balance of power between all the major powers at that time (23). The Peace of Westphalia was were “the concept of state sovereignty was established” (26). The Peace of Westphalia ensured that each country would have their own religion, structure, and politics, and it would not be taken over by another country. For more than two centuries, Richelieu’s time as France’s chief master, to Bismarck’s proclamation of the German Empire, that foreign policy

Also France and Germany agreed to settle any disputes. This meant that they would respect the German

The purpose of the investigation is to outline the methods Bismarck used to achieve unification and ultimately, the significance of the Franco-Prussian war as the final step for the unification.

war with a unique goal for its conclusion as his main goal was not to