The Use of Symbols in John Steinbeck's 'The Chrysanthemums'

Elisa, also a housewife, usually had activities involved in routine housework and maintaining her flower garden, that was filled with chrysanthemums. She took care of the chrysanthemums as if they were her children, and being a farmers’ wife, she had more free time than her husband, Henry. When the tinker, also known as the tin man, came up to Elisa for work he tried to manipulate her into giving him some work to do. When the tinker saw there was no way Elisa would give him work, he tried to work her. “What’s them plants, ma’am?” (Steinbeck, 208). Tinker asked Elisa about the plants probably so he could influence her about chrysanthemums- that way they bond on the subject of the flowers and from there Elisa started to explain the importance of these flowers. Elisa doesn’t realize she’s being played with until near the end when tinker finally leaves she waves goodbye to him but her voice drops as she says the word “Goodbye to goodbye”, finding that the tinker threw Elisa’s chrysanthemums away (Steinbeck, 210). This quote showed the attachment for the chrysanthemums Elisa had, and the minute the tinker threw away those flowers, it broke Elisa’s heart. This makes Elisa thinks about how a man can get what he wants while Elisa

We get our next glimpse into the struggles she is internally suffering when her house is introduced to us as “hard swept” (Steinbeck 348). Elisa extends her insecurities and sorrow onto over-compensating in tending to the house she shares with her husband. The exchange between Elisa and her husband is cold and uncompassionate as they discuss their plans for dinner and a movie. He stands outside the wire fence which serves as a wall between Elisa and the rest of society. As her husband leaves to herd their cattle she watches and swiftly returns to tending her garden.

In "The Chrysanthemums" John Steinbeck develops a theme of limitations. The story is essentially a man in the mirror story where the rigid Elisa sees herself for the first time as trapped. Although Elisa has recognized her life as limited and confining, she sadly accepts her life as is and does nothing to rectify her situation. In John Steinbeck's "The Chrysanthemums" symbolism of the fence, the garden, and the chrysanthemums help illustrate the story by striking an emotional chord with the audience.

In the portion of the story where Elisa is talking to the "Fixer-Guy" who happens to pull down the road to her farm, Steinbeck shows Elisa's eagerness for attention and how she comes to the realization that there is a more exciting life outside the farm. In the “Fixer-Guy”, Elisa finds somebody who sees her as more than a housewife, someone who can appreciate her from an unbiased viewpoint. He offers his services and she turns him down saying “I tell you I have nothing like that for you to do.” At first she resists conversation with him. Then when he asks about her plants Steinbeck writes “The irritation and resistance melted from Elisa’s face.” “I raise them every year, bigger than anybody around here”, she boasts. She is now very eager to talk about her chrysanthemums. Elisa's face becomes "tight with eagerness" as she talks about them, as if they were her children. The vibes from her infatuation with these flowers are picked up by the old man, and there is an unspoken connection between these two perfect strangers as they have both chosen their own preoccupation in life, his being a passion of pots and hers a love of chrysanthemums. It is this connection that ignites the realization that she longs to break free from the everyday routine she calls life. This feeling is so strong that "her hand went out toward his legs in the greasy black trousers" as if to grasp a piece

She does not help with the ranch or the cultivation of the orchard, but rather tends to her own garden. Her reportedly stellar chrysanthemums represent her delicate side. By maintaining and ensuring a yearly exemplary flourish, Elisa sustains and nourishes her suppressed womanly essence. Although Steinbeck reveals that, “The

The chrysanthemums by john steinbeck describes a hard, energetic, working woman who isn't satisfied with her life. She withholds her inner self because she's afraid of what impressions society may have on her. Although she is in a happy marriage her emotions triggers in due to the failure her husband doesnt shows. One day working in her garden a stranger comes along and elisa changes. The stranger gives her things that was lacking in her marriage. Such as; communication, and affection. She is now comfortable since it is being noticed by someone else who may seem to have interest in her. A metaphor is a word used to represent something such as a symbol without using the word like or as. (Longman 920) In this story there are several metaphors used dealing with strength, passion, sexuality, and embarrassment. Metaphors are important because they help one understand abstract or unfamiliar things. Whenever we can't grasp content our brains function so we can get better sense of it. Often metaphors bring on emotions. Different emotions can be memorable. Also

Many readers who analyze Steinbeck's short story, "The Chrysanthemums", feel Elisa's flowers represent her repressed sexuality, and her anger and resentment towards men. Some even push the symbolism of the flowers, and Elisa's masculine actions, to suggest she is unable to establish a true relationship between herself and another. Her masculine traits and her chrysanthemums are enough to fulfill her entirely. This essay will discuss an opposing viewpoint. Instead, it will argue that Elisa's chrysanthemums, and her masculine qualities are natural manifestations of a male dominated world. Pertinent examples from "The Chrysanthemums" will be given in an attempt to illustrate that Elisa's character qualities, and gardening skills,

"The Chrysanthemums", one of John Steinbeck's masterpieces, describes a lonely farmer's wife, Elisa Allen. Elisa Allen's physical appearance is very mannish yet still allows a hint of a feminine side to peek through. John Steinbeck brings symbolism into play to represent Elisa Allen's frustrations and hidden passions. Isolation is another representation through symbolism found in "The Chrysanthemums." Elisa's failing detached marriage is represented through two symbols. The two reoccurring symbols are the chrysanthemums and fences. John Steinbeck draws pity from the reader for Elisa Allen who desperately wishes to experience the passions of a fulfilling marriage and the stimulation of

John Ernst Steinbeck, Jr. was born in the farm and ranch based town of Salinas, California to the county treasurer and his wife on February 27, 1902. Being born into a well-off family, he could afford the luxury of hopping from job to job helping ranchers and later attending Stanford University, only to leave without a degree. Altogether, he appears to be the average college student nowadays from our dreamer generation. Four years he published his first novel, Cup of Gold, and over the course of time he found his niche as a fiction writer with a focus on drawing attention to some real life issues he’d witnessed firsthand, growing up on the edge of the last frontier in the west. He ended up publishing The Chrysanthemums in 1938, recalling the

The story concerns the unhappy marriage, which appears to be a theme in many of Steinbeck’s short stories, and the psychological effects this has primarily on the wife, Elisa Allen. The central character, Elisa, is appealing to many readers and scholars alike, because of the depth of her persona. Elisa is introduced to us in a less than feminine fashion which can be seen as a hint at oppression of women in

Steinbeck uses chrysanthemum’s to symbolize Elisa’s strength and power in order to show how societal standards cause women to miss out on opportunities and become frustrated with the confinement of their expression. “[Elisa] was cutting down the old year's chrysanthemum stalks with a pair of short and powerful scissors. She looked down toward the men by the tractor shed now and then. Her face was eager and mature and handsome; even her work with the scissors was over-eager, over-powerful.” Chrysanthemum stalks require a great deal of force to be cut down, which is highlighted through Elisa’s use of “powerful scissors.” Ordinarily, flowers are portrayed as beautiful and delicate; however, chrysanthemums are sturdy and tough. Steinbeck chose specifically to use chrysanthemums because they symbolize the strength Elisa has; she is confident, empowered, and masculine, but all of her strength is confined within the standards of society just as the chrysanthemums are confined within the walls of her garden. Elisa, as a woman, is unable to express herself as strong, masculine, and proud because that was not the standard that women were held to during that time; her expression is confined to her work in the garden with her chrysanthemums, and it is frustrating for her to miss out on the opportunities that would showcase her strength and let it be appreciated by her husband and the mender because of the standard of delicacy and beauty that women are held to.

Several themes and symbols are prevalent in this story. Elisa is a representation of women in the 1920’s. She is a stereotypical housewife. Women were perceived as objects and not people that have thoughts and feelings. Intellectual women had an even worse time than others. When she learned of the tinkers glamorous lifestyle (compared to hers), she envied him. Even just discussing the idea of a working woman was ludicrous to him. Henry and the tinker represent the paternalism of the era. Henry only tells her the workings of the ranch when she asks a direct question such as when she was curious about the two men at the beginning. He is condescending, ignorant, and emotionless towards his wife. The tinker only uses her to get money for food. He only commented on the flowers after his initial request was shot down. He most likely used her connection to the flowers as a way to build rapport and get her to open up more to the idea of giving him another chance. He then tosses her (the flowers) away when he was done with her. Now this doesn’t mean the men in this story were bad people. They were just victims of the

The story “The Chrysanthemums” by John Steinbeck is my story of choice. From reading this story I easily understood that the central symbol is Chrysanthemums. This was chosen as the central symbol to help readers understand what the story is about and to be able to understand and feel how emotional it is to be put in the shoes of Elisa Allen. Elisa Allen is the main character in this story she is a hardworking and intelligent woman who lives an unhappy life and she also feels as if it is unfulfilled cause there is so much she wants to do. The main source of her unhappiness is her husband, he looks down on her for not having a child and for that reason he doesn’t admire as a woman. To help with her dull and empty life Elisa Allen has a garden of flowers and it is full of beautiful Chrysanthemums

John Steinbeck, in his short story "The Chrysanthemums" depicts the trials of a woman attempting to gain power in a man's world. Elisa Allen tries to define the boundaries of her role as a woman in such a closed society. While her environment is portrayed as a tool for social repression, it is through nature in her garden where Elisa gains and shows off her power. As the story progresses, Elisa has trouble extending this power outside of the fence that surrounds her garden. In the end, Elisa learns but does not readily accept, that she possesses a feminine power weak for the time, not the masculine one she had tried so hard to achieve through its imitation.

In John Steinbeck’s “The Chrysanthemums”, he uses the chrysanthemums, fence, and garden to symbolize Elisa’s thoughts and feelings throughout his story. He uses these symbols to show love, neglect, loneliness, protection, and passion for his characters.