The Virgin Of Guadalupe: Patron Saint

In the final resolution concerning religion, Chicanas declare, “Revolutionary change of [the] Catholic Church or for it to get out of the way.”

Who is Josefa Ortíz de Domínguez and what is she responsible of? Josefa Ortiz de Domínguez was a Mexican patriot who was also a heroine for Mexico’s War of Independence. Doña Josefa made history when she had the courage and bravery to risk he life by alerting rebels and rebel leaders about the discovery the King’s men made about the conspiracy of an uprising against the King to claim independence. She was responsible for some of Mexico’s success in the war

The Aztecs were polytheistic; believing in many different gods, while the Spanish were monotheistic; believing in only one god. After the Spanish inquisition the country was 100% devoted Catholics. The Catholic Spanish had many religious practices; after the birth a child is baptized, it is a ceremony where water is sprinkled on their head symbolizing purity, this Christian ceremony was for both genders. The Aztecs however, had more traditional ideas in gender roles in a society, and introduced them after the birth of a child. After birth, baby boys were given a bow and arrow, and girls were given a weaving tool, a broom, and a basket. The Aztecs practiced blood sacrifices to feed their gods, going to the temple was a part of their daily lives. The leaders of the Aztec religion were the high priests, and the emperor. The Spanish did not practice blood sacrifices, but were devoted Christians. They had rituals such as weakly rites of confessions, and Sunday mass. Another catholic ritual is after the death of a person a priest performs a prayer. The religious leader of the Catholic faith is the pope. Both the Aztecs and Spanish although had different beliefs and practices the similarity was that they were highly devoted to their

On April 16, 1971 in Lake Jackson, Texas, a little girl named Selena Quintanilla – Perez was born. She was born to Abraham Quintanilla Jr. and Marcella Quintanilla. Selena Quintanilla- Perez has 2 siblings named Abraham Quintanilla 3rd and Suzette Quintanilla. Mrs. Quintanilla- Perez was an American singer, songwriter, spokesperson, actress, and a fashion designer. She was also known as the Queen of Tejano music and to the media outlets they called her “Tejano Madonna” for her clothing choices. Selena Quintanilla- Perez was raised as a Jehovah’s witness. When Selena Quintanilla was 6 years old her father discovered her talent at sing. Her father told the People Magazine that her timing, her pitch was perfect, I could see it from day one. Mr. Quintanilla Jr. opened up a restaurant where the kids performed a lot. Her family moved to Corpus Christi, Texas and that’s when Quintanilla Jr. became the manager to Selena y Los Dinos and began to

The Day of the Virgin Guadalupe is December 12. The Virgin of Guadalupe is Mexico 's most popular religious and cultural image, with the titles "Queen of Mexico", "Empress of the Americas" and "Patroness of the Americas", both Miguel Hidalgo (in the Mexican War of Independence) and Emiliano Zapata (during the Mexican Revolution) carried Flags bearing the Our Lady of Guadalupe, and Guadalupe Victoria, the first

Chris Perez wanted to be a rock-star in a Rock n Roll band not a guitar player for a Tejano band. He lived in San Antonio, Texas and was in a band with Shelly Laras, a singer, and she introduced him to Selena y los Dinos. In Huston, Texas Shelly's band was playing at a festival and A.B. Quintanilla, Selena's brother saw Chris playing guitar and liked Chris's guitar skills. During that time Selena y los Dinos was looking for a new guitarist and A.B. gave Chris his number just so Chris can call him if he was interested. Chris called A.B and set up a date to play together in the studio, since that day happened Chris joined los Dinos.

Decided to venture into the prostitution business and would bribe the officials with money or “sexual skills”.

All they wanted was an answer to one question “Where were their children? Their sons and daughters were “missing” and all they were told was” We don’t have any answers! The citizens were afraid, even high authorities of religious groups turned a blind eye. In 1977, with Argentina under a violent military dictatorship, a group of mostly house wives living in a fear oppressed state made a stand and found their voice. They demanded to be heard and while the regime was enforcing their control and power over Argentinians political views through torture and disappearance; a mother’s devotion to her child and the political resistance transformed these mothers into a political force. They are the Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo, who effectively mounted a civil rights movement that forced the top military officials to be charged for their crimes and have sustained an

"La Malinche." Slave, interpreter, secretary, mistress, mother of the first "Mexican." her very name still stirs up controversy. Many Mexicans continue to revile the woman called Doña Marina by the Spaniards and La Malinche by the Aztecs, labeling her a traitor and harlot for her role as the alter-ego of Cortes as he conquered Mexico.

The Miraculous Day of Amalia Gomez by John Rechy delves into the life of Amalia Gomez; a Mexican-American woman living in a poor rural area of Hollywood. The structure of her family is falling apart due to conflict between the characters and Amalia’s lack of involvement in their lives. Her youngest son Juan is a male prostitute known as a “maricÓn”, her daughter Gloria is falling dangerously close to following in Amalia’s footsteps, and her oldest son Manny although well intentioned starts to clone his father’s criminal tendencies even though he has no recollections of his father. Amalia’s selective perspective also leads to conflict within herself since she is content not knowing the truth as long as the false reality fits her ideal

From 1976 to 1983, a military group was in charge of Argentina after overthrowing the government in the 1930s (Tolerance. N.a. N.d). The military silenced the people who opposed or spoke out against them. The people who actually spoke out suddenly disappeared. These people were either imprisoned, tortured, killed, and never seen again. The most common person disappeared were children who opposed the military. Lawyers, and people who questioned the military (Tolerance. N.a. N.d). In Buenos Aires, Argentina during the 1970s, a group of women gathered in the Plaza de Mayo, in front of the president's palace and government buildings, to speak out about their missing children. The “Mothers of the Disappeared” formed the first public protest against

Religion and politics in Hispanic culture is tied in with the strong family social unit. Over 90% of Hispanics in California are Roman Catholic. They especially respect Patron Saint’s day; to many, it is more important than one’s birthday. The Virgin of Guadalupe (the Virgin Mary) and

Diaz often analogizes religious worship of native deities to Satanism, criticizing Moctezuma that “those whom they look upon as gods are not so, but are devils, which are evil things, and if their looks are bad their deeds are worse and they could see that they were evil and of little worth” (139). To emphasize the devil-like characteristics of indigenous gods, Cortés warns Moctezuma how “these Idols hold it that they are deceiving you” (152) and Diaz describes Huichilobos, their god of War, as monster-like, with a “broad face and monstrous and terrible eyes” (150). During Cortés tour of the temple of Huichilobos, Diaz describes how “there was another small tower which was also an Idol house, or a true hell, for it had at the opening of one gate a most terrible mouth such as they depict, saying that such there are in hell” (154) and then further describes the idol house as “the Infernal Regions” (154) in order to emphasize the Satanic representations of Nahuatl religions. ADD ENDING

In addition to the symbol of the snake, La Virgen, plays an important role in Chicana culture as well. Anzaldúa goes deeper into this rich cultural history, and informs us that in Aztec-Mexican society, women were able to possess property and were often viewed as mystic beings, having occupations such as curers or priestesses (Anzaldúa 32). Rather than Jesus or God the Father, la Virgen de Guadalupe became the largest symbol in Mexican religion and culture to this day. In fact, Chicana culture does not identify with the Spanish Father, but the Indian Mother. The connection between the symbology of the snake and La Virgen is solidified as Anzaldúa explains the importance of feminine deities, such as the goddess, Coatlicue, or "she who wears a serpent skirt" (27).

Technically speaking criminals are people who brake laws. They are the “other”, people who would never be our friends, due to the harm that they have caused good samaritans like us. These people are immoral and unjust. Or so I was told. My parents did not read the newspaper, and we did not have internet when I was younger. They also did not speak English so we did not watch American news. My family and I mostly watched Spanish television. Channels like Univision and Telemundo, they were are main source of information.