The Y Greene : A Quiet, But Not Silent Hero

Taylor Branch’s Parting the Waters: America in the King Years 1954-1963 is a description about the civil rights movement that focuses on Martin Luther King Jr and incorporates the lives of other civil rights activists, organizations, and takes a deeper look at the era from the Supreme Court Ruling of Brown v. Board of Education (1954) to President Kennedy’s assassination. Furthermore, Branch introduces numerous people within the African American communities that gave rise to the civil rights movement as well as those individuals that came into being as the movement surged forward.

Though the conclusion of the American Civil War in 1965 marked the end of slavery in the United States, African-Americans would not see anything resembling true freedom from the segregation and isolation imposed by slavery until very recently, and only after decades of difficult struggle. Some of the most important achievements occurred during the 1960s, when a generation of African-American leaders and activists, including Martin Luther King Jr., Supreme Court Justice Thurgood Marshall, and the Freedom Riders, fought against some of the last vestiges of explicit, institutionalized segregation, discrimination, and isolation in order to attain equality and civil rights. Only by examining the treatment of African-Americans throughout America's history can one begin to understand how the the ending of slavery, the Civil Rights movement of the 1960s, and the contemporary issues facing the African-American community are inextricably linked. In turn this allows one to see how rather than existing as a single, identifiable turning point in the history of civil rights, African American's struggle for equality and an end to isolation must be considered as an ongoing project.

Malcolm X argues “political maturity” and economical control are essential to racially progress in America. He highlights that people of color must understand the politics of their community and control the economy of their community. He does this by drawing attention to the people who run the government

Malcolm X, an African American leader and prominent figure in the Nation of Islam, was a significant individual in the African American fight for justice and equality. In contrast to the mainstream Civil Rights Movement with its nonviolent pursuit of integration, Malcolm X voiced concepts of race pride and Black Nationalism during the 1950s and '60s. Although many argue that Malcolm X did not actually “do” anything for the black community, his nontraditional programs brought a new perspective to the Civil Rights Movement, and this perspective is of relevance today in the black community.

Once Martin Luther King Jr. said “now is the time to rise from the darkand desolate vally of segregation to the sunlightpath of racal justice”. He said this in his speech in the 1960’s, many African Americans were treathed unfairly. Before the speech something happened. In Birmingham, Alabama something happened that would change America.

On the very first day of the class, Introduction to the Black Experience, we learned that people are defined by their culture and geography. We are also defined by the gaze of others and our own gaze. This realization led me to contemplate what the “black experience” means to me. As a first generation Haitian-American woman at Wellesley College, it has become clearer to me how important the language and culture of parents has been in shaping my identity. I have also begun to think more critically about how my identity as a woman of color separates me from black brothers as well as my white peers at Wellesley.

Malcolm X once said, “If you stick a knife in my back 9 inches and pull it out 6 inches, that’s not progress. If you pull it out all the way, that’s not progress. The progress comes from healing the wound that the blow made. They haven’t begun to pull the knife out… They won’t even admit the knife is there.” While this quotation couldn’t fit his personality more it relates to Naomi Shihab Nye and Brent Staples more than you would think. Due to Malcolm X’s effect on racial oppression in his time each figure (Malcolm X, Brent Staples, and Naomi Shihab Nye) dealt with a racial oppression in their lives, as Malcolm X dealt with it in “Learning to Read” where educated himself to the best of his ability. As Naomi Shihab Nye deals with it in “To Any Would-Be Terrorist” by trying to get rid of Muslim stereotypes, and how Brent Staples deal with it in “Black Men in Public Spaces” by the fear and being mistaken for a criminal because of his race. Each author shows in their articles that racial oppression played a role in their lives, and that knife hasn’t been pulled out of their back. In the end, each author of the texts faces a racial oppression that develops their defining resistance and voice that changes their communities and the world for the better.

The 1960s was a time for change. It promoted on going expectations of equality for all races. This proved to be difficult for minorities. In August of 1965, civil unrest broke out, which lead to six-day revolt called the Watts Riot. Nearly thirty years later another riot broke out which caused even greater damage and left an even greater impact in our history, the Rodney King Riots. Both of these events share similar qualities and devastating damages, however, their meanings are much harder to decipher from one another. These impactful events in our society demonstrate how much there needs to change in our society, especially when dealing with minorities.

America has a long history of oppression, discrimination and injustices towards African Americans, however the 1960s has brought important political and social changes. People who have not lived through this decade of change can gather some information of this time through historical documents such as letters and films that portray true events. An example of a film that is based on a true story is “Mississipi Burning” and a powerful historical document is “A Letter from Burmingham Jail” by Dr. Martin Luther king. Each of these materials describes/portrays some of the issues African-American faced during the 1960s, specifically in the south. After analyzing these materials, we are able to understand some of what African-Americans endured during the 1960s.

Throughout history, black people have been hurt and battered physically, mentally, and emotionally by white people and those who believe they are superior. From the beginning of the 19th century to the ongoing 21st century, black identity has evolved in accordance to the struggles African Americans are facing at the time. From the abolitionist movement to the Black Lives Matter movement, the evolving issues facing black identity in the struggle for equality and constitutional rights can be seen through the literature and writing by the black leaders of the time.

“The Story of Ida B. Wells,” Written by Shannon Moreau in 1999: Ida B. Wells was an African American, who not only existed as a journalist who used her privilege

The racial disparities against African Americans lies is shameful, but not surprising. Race matters in the United States. People of color do not receive the same benefits and equality as white people; whether it be in education, the workplace and in the judicial system. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the racial disparities to African Americans in what subsequently led to the Black lives Matter movement. I have chosen a series of photos that capture historical events of protests and movements including an analysis of one of my images.

Many of the most influential people, organizations, and events were created or occurred during the Civil Rights Movement, which is still known as one of the most pivotal time periods historically. The main reason this movement is so profoundly known and praised, is because of it’s passion and reasoning behind it all. In the 1950s and 1960s, grassroots organizations were able to create social change through Martin Luther King, Jr.’s philosophy demonstrated in his profound written piece, “Letter from Birmingham Jail”.

In her opinion, understanding history helps African Americans to understand the meaning and value of their movement. Once people know their goals and values by history, they know why they take part in the movement and what should they do. Comparing Assata’s political view with other nationalists and feminists, we can find some similarities and some of Assata’s distinctiveness.

The history of the world has had its encounters with separation and segregation when it comes to race. For a long time the world has seen racism as a large problem and this has caused ethnic groups to be looked down upon or forced into a lifestyle of difficulties and suppression. Due to this situation, races, in particularly African Americans, have been forced to deal with unequal opportunity and poverty, leading to less honorable ways of getting by and also organizations and support change. Malcolm X is an example of an African American man who fell into this type of hate and acted against it. Malcolm X united people to promote the advancement of African Americans and change when it comes to his own race.