The Zika Virus In Brazil

One ongoing case that has evolved in the United States throughout the past couple of years is the Zika virus. The Chicago Tribune wrote “Commentary: To fight Zika, Deploy the National Guard” which was written on May 27, 2016 by ML Cavanaugh. According to http://www.mlcavanaugh.com, ML Cavanaugh is a United States Army strategist and has taught classes in the defense and strategic studies program. He was the youngest recipient of the “Order of Saint Gabriel the Archangel” according to mlcavanaugh.com.

In this project women of childbearing age was largely the population of focus, with many social determinants of the health that made this already vulnerable population even more in need of assistance concerning possible Zika outbreaks, prenatal education, and family planning services. Social determinants of health may include a variety of non-medical variables such as socioeconomic status, education attainment, neighborhood factors, racial discrimination, access to resources, working environment, etc. (Braveman, Egerter, & Williams, 2011; Mendez, Hogan, & Culhane, 2013). Women of childbearing age in relation to Zika virus exposure risk may encounter institutionalized racism and various upstream determinants of health that may negatively impact their ability to obtain healthcare coverage, educational resources, and family planning services. The political trends in Texas towards defunding Planned Parenthood and not expanding Medicaid services has placed an enormous burden on the women of Texas who wish to plan or prevent pregnancy but do not have the financial means to do so (Darney, et al., 2017). In the wake of a possible endemic disease, such as Zika virus, the most vulnerable will be the most susceptible.

This BBC News article discusses the spreading Zika virus in Spain. Sources in Spain have broken the news that the first diagnosed case of a pregnant woman contracting the virus had occurred in the country of Spain. The article discusses how this case, as well as most other cases currently diagnosed in Spain, had been contracted outside of the country in regions where the virus is rampant. The article also talks about the widespread fear that the Zika virus is the cause of some birth defects, specifically underdeveloped brains in infants.

Marsha- As we know, the Zika virus can be passed from the mother to the fetus and can cause congenital microcephaly and other severe brain defects to the fetus. If you have a confirmed case of the Zika virus, does your department have a protocol in place for scanning these patients? Have you performed a case that there was a confirmed case of the Zika virus? If so, can you tell us what the physicians plan was for the patient and fetus?

In the recent article, “Zika outbreak: What you need to know” by the BBC, the World Health Organization released valuable information regarding how to detect the disease, and what steps you can take to prevent it. Some of the common symptoms of Zika are; mild fever, red and sore eyes, headaches, joint pain, and rashes. Death from Zika is rare, but a very uncommon disorder can be caused by Zika called Guillain-Barré syndrome. This disorder will cause temporary paralysis. As of now, there are no drugs or vaccines that will help prevent Zika, but those who have the disease should rest and drink plenty of water. The largest concern regarding Zika is the impact it has on fetuses still developing in the womb. Zika can cause another serious disorder

Zika virus is a disease cause by the Aedes species. Not only is it affecting people in Brazil, it is also going to affect the people going to the Olympics this summer. But Zika might not be what they think it is… Because the Zika virus in Brazil is spreading so quickly, it is causing people to react to it drastically. Since some people think Zika is dangerous, they are more hesitant in making their choices.

Dr. Sarah Park, State Epidemiologist for the Hawaii State Department of Health responded to reporters last week about a baby that was born in a Hawaii hospital with a birth defect linked to the Zika virus. It was reported that this is the first case in the United States linked to the Zika virus. The Hawaii State Health Department said that the mother probably contracted the disease while she was living in Brazil last year and passed the disease to her child while her child was still in the womb. Dr. Parks assured the public that there was no risk of the virus spreading from this case and that the Zika virus is spread when a mosquito bites an infected person and then bites someone else. The disease is not transmitted person to person. Dr.

CDC has updated its interim guidelines for US healthcare providers caring for pregnant women and women of reproductive age during ongoing transmission of Zika virus. These guidelines apply to healthcare providers caring for women of reproductive age in the United States including US territories and will be updated as more information becomes available.

The Zika Virus is a condition that initially started in Brazil and has now made its way around the world by transmission of mosquitos.The symtoms of Zika virus are typically last only a week or so and include fever, rash, and aching joints. Many adults contract the virus with no symptoms, which makes it easy to spread to their partners through sexual transmission and even onto their fetus if they are pregnant (Jin). Women began bearing children that were born with microcephaly, which is a condition that causes the head and brain to be smaller than normal. It is thought that the Zika virus starts to delay the growth of the skull from the beginning of fetal development (Teixeira). Serology tests are used to detect the virus in the mother, and

The recent outbreak of the Zika virus in parts of Central and South America has triggered widespread fear in the U.S. fueled in part by concentrated media coverage and false knowledge of the disease. In a recent survey conducted by the Annenberg Public Policy Center (2006) found that roughly 50% of Americans were concerned that the virus would expand to include the area in which they live, 19% believed that it is likely that sitting near an infected individual increased the likelihood of catching it, 38% believed that the virus is deadly, and 35% believed a conspiracy theory claiming that that genetically modified mosquitos have directly caused the virus to spread. Despite the popularity of these beliefs, they are all false according to the U. S. Center for Disease control and prevention (CDC, 2016b).

The father abuses the child, and the mother is also a victim. The mandatory reporting that would be made in this case is emotional and physical abuse. First, the child is abused emotionally from the drunkenness of the father and issues that happen when he comes home. The mother also lets the man back to the house even with the abuses and the child feels that this should not be the case (Stahl, 2014). The two scenarios lead to emotional torture to the child. The second is that the father physically abuses both the mother and child. The incident shows that the child had his wrist broken when defending his mother. Such action falls under the physical abuse category. Health professionals working with children and their families are often required

The Zika virus has extremely negative side effects in women who are or will become pregnant. With the virus showing no signs of slowing down Pope Francis had to take a stand that many people who have been devoted Christ followers could be upset by. Pope Francis in something that many people thought they would never see happen, said that in some cases, contraception can be used during sex. The Catholic Church has been against many forms of contraception for years however, given the issue, Pope Francis suggested it could be used to stop the spread of the virus. The author of the article, James T. Bretzke, a professor at Boston College and an expert in Moral Theology, is able to explain and discuss why Pope Francis is still following Catholic

In a study of Zika virus in mice, scientists examined the immune system against the pathogen. An immunologist, Akiko Iwasaki, was the leader of this investigation. His team learned that the immune cells, CD8 T, swarm the brain when the infection spreads into the brain from the blood. The cells not only limit the infection of nerve cells but trigger paralysis; in which Zika can cause. According to Iwasaki, "'The immune cells that are generated by infection start attacking our own neurons,'...'The damage is not occurring through the virus infection, but rather the immune response to the virus'" Yale University. (2017, November 20). Zika- related nerve damage caused by immune response to the virus. ScienceDaily. Retrieved May 15, 2018,

William Faulkner, a small boy, from a small town, without a high school diploma, accomplished way beyond what most most people in his circumstance could. Now often introduced as one of the twentieth century’s greatest writers or Nobel Prize winning novelist, Faulkner’s work is now some of America’s classics. When asking the question nature vs. nurture in regards to William Faulkner the answer is obvious, it’s nurture. Examining his life, one can see that Faulkner’s success and talents came from his surroundings and not through luck of the draw. This great poet and writer not only had the unwavering encouragement from his immediately family, but also countless friends that pointed him in the direction of success.

Animal Farm is another book where the road for a better life changes society yet, becomes either no different or worse. In George Orwell's novel, “ all animals are equal, but some animals are more equal than others”. Animal farm in a short summary is a small farm where the animals plot a rebellion against the humans, which they believe are corrupt. Two pigs, Snowball and Napolean, find themselves becoming the leaders of the animal rebellion. Throughout the story the animals create a communist like government called “animalism”, which states all animals are equal and share equal responsibilities in the farm however; the book features a series of change in government styles such as: dictatorship, communism, totalitarianism, and circling back to a dictatorship. Animal farm also features social commentary that leads to it being a dystopia as it discusses the working classes, human corruption, propaganda, and abuse of power.